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arXiv 2006.03344cond-mat.mes-hall
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Majorana零模及其玻色化

Majorana zero modes and their bosonization

Victor Chua, Katharina Laubscher, Jelena Klinovaja, Daniel Loss

摘要:

用解析方法详细研究了一维非相互作用超导费米子保序拓扑相的最简单连续模型。在第一步中,我们提出了一个完整的精确对角化的费米Bogoliubov-德Gennes哈密顿系统的有限长度和开放的边界。特别是,我们推导出精确的解析表达式出现在拓扑非平凡阶段的马约拉纳零模式,揭示他们的空间定位,对称操作下的变换特性,和精确的有限大小的能量分裂相关联的准简并基态。然后,我们继续分析模型通过精确的运营商玻色子化在开放和封闭的几何。在闭合线几何中,我们证明了费米子宇称开关从扭曲的边界条件在拓扑非平凡阶段。另一方面,对于开路,我们首先采用半经典方法,采用Mathieu方程研究了两个准简并基态以及它们在有限系统尺寸下的能量分裂。然后,我们最终推导出的玻色子语言中使用顶点代数技术的马约拉纳零模式的确切形式。这些模式被证实是从费米子描述得到的结果完全一致。由超导SPT相的费米和玻色子配方提供的互补的观点被调和,使我们能够提供一个完整和准确的帐户如何马约拉纳零模式体现在一个玻色子描述的SPT相。

英文摘要:

The simplest continuum model of a one-dimensional non-interacting superconducting fermionic symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase is studied in great detail using analytical methods. In a first step, we present a full exact diagonalization of the fermionic Bogoliubov-de Gennes Hamiltonian for a system of finite length and with open boundaries. In particular, we derive exact analytical expressions for the Majorana zero modes emerging in the topologically non-trivial phase, revealing their spatial localization, their transformation properties under symmetry operations, and the exact finite-size energy splitting of the associated quasi-degenerate ground states. We then proceed to analyze the model via exact operator bosonization in both open and closed geometries. In the closed wire geometry, we demonstrate fermion parity switching from twisting boundary conditions in the topologically non-trivial phase. For the open wire, on the other hand, we first take a semiclassical approach employing the Mathieu equation to study the two quasi-degenerate ground states as well as their energy splitting at finite system sizes. We then finally derive the exact forms of the Majorana zero modes in the bosonic language using vertex-algebra techniques. These modes are verified to be in exact agreement with the results obtained from the fermionic description. The complementary viewpoints provided by the fermionic and bosonic formulations of the superconducting SPT phase are reconciled, allowing us to provide a complete and exact account of how Majorana zero modes manifest in a bosonized description of an SPT phase.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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