arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2005.00417cs.DS
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随机序列流匹配的改进界

Improved Bound for Matching in Random-Order Streams

Aaron Bernstein

摘要:

我们研究的问题,计算近似的最大基数匹配的半流模型时,边缘到达\emph{random}顺序。在半流模型中,输入图G =(V,E)的边被给定为流e_1,.,e_m,并且允许算法在使用$O(n \textrm{polylog}(n))$空间($m = |E|$和$n = |V|$)的同时在该流上进行单次传递。如果边的顺序是对抗性的,一个简单的单遍贪婪算法在$O(n)$空间中产生$1/2$ -近似;在对抗性流中实现更好的近似仍然是一个难以捉摸的开放问题。最近的一系列工作表明,如果流的边缘以随机顺序到达,则可以改进$1/2$近似。该模型的最新技术水平是双重的:Assadi等人[SODA 2019]展示了如何计算$2/3(\sim.66)$ -近似匹配,但空间要求是$O(n^{1.5} \textrm{polylog}(n))$。最近,Farhadi等人[SODA 2020]提出了一种算法,该算法具有$O(n \textrm{polylog}(n))$的期望空间使用率,但在二分图中具有更差的$6/11(\sim.545)$或$3/5(=.6)$的近似比。在本文中,我们提出了一个算法,计算一个$2/3(\sim.66)$ -近似匹配使用$O(n \log(n))$空间,改善上述两个结果。我们还注意到,对于对抗流,Kapralov的下界[SODA 2013]表明,任何实现$1-1/e(\sim.63)$ -近似的算法都需要$(n^{1+Ω(1/\log\log(n))})$空间。我们的随机顺序流的结果是第一个超越逆序下界,从而建立计算最大匹配是可证明的随机顺序流更容易。

英文摘要:

We study the problem of computing an approximate maximum cardinality matching in the semi-streaming model when edges arrive in a \emph{random} order. In the semi-streaming model, the edges of the input graph G = (V,E) are given as a stream e_1, ..., e_m, and the algorithm is allowed to make a single pass over this stream while using $O(n \textrm{polylog}(n))$ space ($m = |E|$ and $n = |V|$). If the order of edges is adversarial, a simple single-pass greedy algorithm yields a $1/2$-approximation in $O(n)$ space; achieving a better approximation in adversarial streams remains an elusive open question. A line of recent work shows that one can improve upon the $1/2$-approximation if the edges of the stream arrive in a random order. The state of the art for this model is two-fold: Assadi et al. [SODA 2019] show how to compute a $2/3(\sim.66)$-approximate matching, but the space requirement is $O(n^{1.5} \textrm{polylog}(n))$. Very recently, Farhadi et al. [SODA 2020] presented an algorithm with the desired space usage of $O(n \textrm{polylog}(n))$, but a worse approximation ratio of $6/11(\sim.545)$, or $3/5(=.6)$ in bipartite graphs. In this paper, we present an algorithm that computes a $2/3(\sim.66)$-approximate matching using only $O(n \log(n))$ space, improving upon both results above. We also note that for adversarial streams, a lower bound of Kapralov [SODA 2013] shows that any algorithm that achieves a $1-1/e(\sim.63)$-approximation requires $(n^{1+Ω(1/\log\log(n))})$ space. Our result for random-order streams is the first to go beyond the adversarial-order lower bound, thus establishing that computing a maximum matching is provably easier in random-order streams.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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