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arXiv 2408.15434cs.DS
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随机序流式与鲁棒通信模型中的加权匹配

Weighted Matching in the Random-Order Streaming and Robust Communication Models

Diba Hashemi, Weronika Wrzos-Kaminska

AI总结:

本文研究随机序半流式与鲁棒通信模型中的最大权匹配问题,提出了近似比分别为 $(2/3-ε)$ 和 $(5/6-ε)$ 的算法,显著缩小了与无权版本已知最佳算法之间的性能差距。

摘要:

我们研究随机序半流式模型和鲁棒通信模型中的最大权匹配问题。与许多其他次线性模型不同,在这两个框架中,该问题无权版本和有权版本的已知最佳算法保证之间存在巨大差距。在随机序半流式设置中,$n$ 顶点图的边以随机顺序在流中到达。目标是在流上进行单次遍历,使用 $O(n\text{ polylog } n)$ 空间计算近似最大权匹配。我们的主要结果是针对随机序流中最大权匹配的 $(2/3-ε)$ 近似算法,使用空间 $O(n \log n \log R)$,其中 $R$ 是图中最重边与最轻边的比率。我们的结果几乎匹配了由 Assadi 和 Behnezhad [ICALP 2021] 实现的已知最佳无权 $(2/3+ε_0)$ 近似(其中 $ε_0 \sim 10^{-14}$ 是一个小常数),并显著改进了先前的加权结果。我们的技术也扩展到相关的鲁棒通信模型,其中图的边在 Alice 和 Bob 之间随机划分。Alice 向 Bob 发送大小为 $O(n\text{ polylog }n)$ 的单条消息,Bob 必须计算近似最大权匹配。我们使用 $O(n \log n \log R)$ 个通信字实现了 $(5/6-ε)$ 近似,匹配了 Azarmehr 和 Behnezhad [ICALP 2023] 针对无权图的结果。

英文摘要:

We study the maximum weight matching problem in the random-order semi-streaming model and in the robust communication model. Unlike many other sublinear models, in these two frameworks, there is a large gap between the guarantees of the best known algorithms for the unweighted and weighted versions of the problem. In the random-order semi-streaming setting, the edges of an $n$-vertex graph arrive in a stream in a random order. The goal is to compute an approximate maximum weight matching with a single pass over the stream using $O(n\text{ polylog } n)$ space. Our main result is a $(2/3-ε)$-approximation algorithm for maximum weight matching in random-order streams, using space $O(n \log n \log R)$, where $R$ is the ratio between the heaviest and the lightest edge in the graph. Our result nearly matches the best known unweighted $(2/3+ε_0)$-approximation (where $ε_0 \sim 10^{-14}$ is a small constant) achieved by Assadi and Behnezhad [ICALP 2021], and significantly improves upon previous weighted results. Our techniques also extend to the related robust communication model, in which the edges of a graph are partitioned randomly between Alice and Bob. Alice sends a single message of size $O(n\text{ polylog }n)$ to Bob, who must compute an approximate maximum weight matching. We achieve a $(5/6-ε)$-approximation using $O(n \log n \log R)$ words of communication, matching the results of Azarmehr and Behnezhad [ICALP 2023] for unweighted graphs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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