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arXiv 2004.08360cond-mat.stat-mech
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当边界条件有利于两相中的一相时一级量子跃迁动力学的标度性质

Scaling properties of the dynamics at first-order quantum transitions when boundary conditions favor one of the two phases

Andrea Pelissetto, Davide Rossini, Ettore Vicari

摘要:

我们解决了一个多体系统的平衡动力学时,它的哈密顿参数之一是驱动跨越一阶量子跃迁(FOQT)。特别是,我们认为系统受到固定的边界条件,有利于由FOQT分离的两个阶段之一:更准确地说,边界条件,有利于相同的磁化相(EFBC)或相反的相位(OFBC)在链的两端。在一维量子伊辛模型中,FOQT由纵向磁场h驱动。我们研究的动态行为的瞬时淬火和协议中,h是缓慢变化的FOQT。我们发展了EFBC和OFBC的动态有限尺寸标度理论,与中性边界条件的情况相比,它显示出一些显着的差异。相应的相关时间尺度在两种情况下表现出质的不同的大小依赖性:在EFBC的情况下,它随大小呈指数增长,在OFBC的情况下,它随大小呈幂增长。

英文摘要:

We address the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of a many-body system when one of its Hamiltonian parameters is driven across a first-order quantum transition (FOQT). In particular, we consider systems subject to fixed boundary conditions, favoring one of the two phases separated by the FOQT: more precisely, boundary conditions that favor the same magnetized phase (EFBC) or opposite phases (OFBC) at the two ends of the chain. These issues are investigated within the paradigmatic one-dimensional quantum Ising model, in which FOQTs are driven by the longitudinal magnetic field h. We study the dynamic behavior for an instantaneous quench and for a protocol in which h is slowly varied across the FOQT. We develop a dynamic finite-size scaling theory for both EFBC and OFBC, which displays some remarkable differences with respect to the case of neutral boundary conditions. The corresponding relevant time scale shows a qualitative different size dependence in the two cases: it increases exponentially with the size in the case of EFBC, and as a power of the size in the case of OFBC.

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