We investigate regular elliptic boundary-value problems in bounded domains and show the Fredholm property for the related operators in an extended scale formed by inner product Sobolev spaces (of arbitrary real orders) and corresponding interpolation Hilbert spaces. In particular, we can deal with boundary data with arbitrary low regularity. In addition, we show interpolation properties for the extended scale, embedding results, and global and local a priori estimates for solutions to the problems under investigation. The results are applied to elliptic problems with homogeneous right-hand side and to elliptic problems with rough boundary data in Nikoskii spaces, which allows us to treat some cases of white noise on the boundary.
We prove the existence of short time, low regularity solutions to the incompressible, isotropic Lagrangian Averaged Navier-Stokes equations with initial data in Sobolev spaces. In the special case of initial datum in the Sobolev space $H^{3/2,2}(\mathbb{R}^3)$, we obtain a global solution, improving on previous results, which required data in $H^{3,2}(\mathbb{R}^3)$.
On a compact Riemannian manifold, we prove the existence of multiple solutions for an elliptic equation with critical Sobolev growth and critical Hardy potential.
A priori estimates for the weak solutions the Dirichlet problem for the uniformly higher-order elliptic equations in a smooth bounded domain $Ω\subset \Rn$ in generalized weighted Sobolev-Morrey spaces are obtained.
Elliptic problems with additional unknown distributions in boundary conditions are investigated in Besov and Sobolev-Triebel-Lizorkin spaces of low regularity, specifically of an arbitrary negative order. We find that the problems induce Fredholm bounded operators on appropriate pairs of these spaces.
We prove weighted and mixed-norm Sobolev estimates for fully nonlinear elliptic and parabolic equations in the whole space under a relaxed convexity condition with almost VMO dependence on space-time variables. The corresponding interior and boundary estimates are also obtained.
New embeddings of weighted Sobolev spaces are established. Using such embeddings, we obtain the existence and regularity of positive solutions with Navier boundary value problems for a weighted fourth order elliptic equation. We also obtain Liouville type results for the related equation. Some problems are still open.
Petrovskii elliptic systems of linear differential equations given on a closed smooth manifold are investigated on the extended Sobolev scale. This scale consists of all Hilbert spaces that are interpolation spaces with respect to the Hilbert Sobolev scale. Theorems on the solvability of the elliptic systems on the extended Sobolev scale are proved. An a priori estimate for solutions is obtained, and their regularity is studied.
Under appropriate assumptions on the $N(Ω)$-fucntion, the De Giorgi process is presented in the framework of Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev space to prove the Hölder continuity of fully nonlinear elliptic problems. As the applications, the Hölder continuity of the minimizers for a class of the energy functionals in Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev spaces is proved; and furthermore, the Hölder continuity of the weak solutions for a class of fully nonlinear elliptic equations is provided.
We provide a self-contained proof of the solvability and regularity of a Hodge-type elliptic system, wherein the divergence and curl of a vector field are prescribed in an open, bounded, Sobolev-class domain, and either the normal component or the tangential components of the vector field are prescribed on the boundary. The proof is based on a regularity theory for vector elliptic equations set on Sobolev-class domains and with Sobolev-class coefficients.
In this paper we prove the existence of a nontrivial non-negative radial solution for a quasilinear elliptic problem. Our aim is to approach the problem variationally by using the tools of critical points theory in an Orlicz-Sobolev space. A multiplicity result is also given.
In this paper we study the problem of bifurcation from the origin of solutions of elliptic Dirichlet problems involving critical Sobolev exponent, defined on a bounded domain $Ω$ in $\mathbb{R} ^N$: we prove that the first critical case are $N=3, 4$ (not only N=3, as just proved by Brezis and Nirenberg), exhibiting two nonexistence results for a class of elliptic problem in these dimensions.
We investigate a connection between solvability of the Dirichlet problem for an infinitely degenerate elliptic operator and the validity of an Orlicz-Sobolev inequality in the associated subunit metric space. For subelliptic operators it is known that the classical Sobolev inequality is sufficient and almost necessary for the Dirichlet problem to be solvable with a quantitative bound on the solution [11]. When the degeneracy is of infinite type, a weaker Orlicz-Sobolev inequality seems to be the right substitute [7]. In this paper we investigate this connection further and reduce the gap betwe…
We study the existence and multiplicity of sign changing solutions of the following equation $ \begin{cases} -Δu = μ|u|^{2^{\star}-2}u+\frac{|u|^{2^{*}(t)-2}u}{|x|^t}+a(x)u \quad\text{in}\quad Ω, u=0 \quad\text{on}\quad\partialΩ, \end{cases} $where $Ω$ is a bounded domain in $R^N$, $0\in\partialΩ$, all the principal curvatures of $\partialΩ$ at $0$ are negative and $μ\geq 0, \ \ a>0, \ \ N\geq 7, \ \ 0<t<2, \ \ 2^{\star}=\frac{2N}{N-2}$ and $2^{\star}(t)=\frac{2(N-t)}{N-2}$.
In this paper, we study the following singular nonlinear elliptic problem \begin{equation}\label{eq:1} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \displaystyle (-Δ)^{\frac α2} u=λ|u|^{r-2}u+μ\frac{|u|^{q-2}u}{|x|^{s}}\quad &{\rm in }\quad Ω, \\ \\ u=0 &{\rm on }\quad \partialΩ, \end{array} \right. \end{equation} where $Ω$ is a smooth bounded domain in $\mathbb R^N$ with $0\in Ω$, $λ,μ>0,0<s\leqα$, $(-Δ)^{\frac α2}$ is the fractional Laplacian operator with $0<α<2$. We establish existence results of problem \eqref{eq:1} for subcritical, Sobolev critical and Hardy-Sobolev critical cases.
We prove the unique solvability in weighted Sobolev spaces of non-divergence form elliptic and parabolic equations on a half space with the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition. All the leading coefficients are assumed to be only measurable in the time variable and have small mean oscillations in the spatial variables. Our results can be applied to Neumann boundary value problems for {\em stochastic} partial differential equations with BMO$_x$ coefficients.
We consider elliptic equations with operators $L=a^{ij}D_{ij}+b^{i}D_{i}-c$ with $a$ being almost in VMO, $b$ in a Morrey class containing $ L_{d}$, and $c\geq0$ in a Morrey class containing $L_{d/2}$. We prove the solvability in Sobolev spaces of $Lu=f\in L_{p}$ in bounded $C^{1,1}$-domains, and of $λu-Lu=f$ in the whole space for any $λ>0$. Weak uniqueness of the martingale problem associated with such operators is also discussed.
We investigate properties of function spaces induced by the inner product Sobolev spaces $H^{s}(Ω)$ over a bounded Euclidean domain $Ω$ and by an elliptic differential operator $A$ on $\overlineΩ$. The domain and the coefficients of $A$ are of the class $C^{\infty}$. These spaces consist of all distributions $u\in H^{s}(Ω)$ such that $Au\in H^λ(Ω)$ and are endowed with the corresponding graph norm, with $s,λ\in\mathbb{R}$. We prove an interpolation formula for these spaces and discuss their application to elliptic boundary-value problems.
Optimal estimates on the asymptotic behaviors of weak solutions both at the origin and at the infinity are obtained to the following quasilinear elliptic equations \[-Δ_{p}u-\fracμ{|x|^{p}}|u|^{p-2}u=Q(x)|u|^{\frac{Np}{N-p}-2}u,\quad\,x\in \mathbb{R}^{N},\] where $1<p<N, 0\leqμ<\left({(N-p)}/{p}\right)^{p}$ and $Q\in L^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^{N})$.
We introduce a refined Sobolev scale on a vector bundle over a closed infinitely smooth manifold. This scale consists of inner product Hörmander spaces parametrized with a real number and a function varying slowly at infinity in the sense of Karamata. We prove that these spaces are obtained by the interpolation with a function parameter between inner product Sobolev spaces. An arbitrary classical elliptic pseudodifferential operator acting between vector bundles of the same rank is investigated on this scale. We prove that this operator is bounded and Fredholm on pairs of appropriate Hörmander…
In this paper, we are concerned with the following type of elliptic problems: $$ (-Δ)^α u+a(x) u=\frac{|u|^{2^*_{s}-2}u}{|x|^s}+k(x)|u|^{q-2}u, u\,\in\,H^α({\mathbb R}^N), $$ where $2<q< 2^*$, $0<α<1$, $0<s<2α$, $2^*_{s}=2(N-s)/(N-2α)$ is the critical Sobolev-Hardy exponent, $2^*=2N/(N-2α)$ is the critical Sobolev exponent, $a(x),k(x)\in C({\mathbb R}^N)$. Through a compactness analysis of the functional associated to the problem, we obtain the existence of positive solutions under certain assumptions on $a(x),k(x)$.
This paper comprises two parts. In the first, we study $L^p$ to $L^q$ bounds for spectral multipliers and Bochner-Riesz means with negative index in the general setting of abstract self-adjoint operators. In the second we obtain the uniform Sobolev estimates for constant coefficients higher order elliptic operators $P(D)-z$ and all $z\in {\mathbb C}\backslash [0, \infty)$, which give an extension of the second order results of Kenig-Ruiz-Sogge \cite{KRS}. Next we use perturbation techniques to prove the uniform Sobolev estimates for Schrödinger operators $P(D)+V$ with small integrable potentia…
We study elliptic equations of order $2m$ with nonlocal boundary-value conditions in plane angles and in bounded domains, dealing with the case where the support of nonlocal terms intersects the boundary. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions under which nonlocal problems are Fredholm in Sobolev spaces and, respectively, in weighted spaces with small weight exponents. We also obtain an asymptotics of solutions to nonlocal problems near the conjugation points on the boundary, where solutions may have power singularities.
We study the scattering theory for the Schrödinger and wave equations with rough potentials in a scale of homogeneous Sobolev spaces. The first half of the paper concerns with an inverse-square potential in both of subcritical and critical constant cases, which is a particular model of scaling-critical singular perturbations. In the subcritical case, the existence of the wave and inverse wave operators defined on a range of homogeneous Sobolev spaces is obtained. In particular, we have the scattering to a free solution in the homogeneous energy space for both of the Schrödinger and wave equati…
We consider both divergence and non-divergence parabolic equations on a half space in weighted Sobolev spaces. All the leading coefficients are assumed to be only measurable in the time and one spatial variable except one coefficient, which is assumed to be only measurable either in the time or the spatial variable. As functions of the other variables the coefficients have small bounded mean oscillation (BMO) semi-norms. The lower-order coefficients are allowed to blow up near the boundary with a certain optimal growth condition. As a corollary, we also obtain the corresponding results for ell…
We consider uniformly elliptic and parabolic second-order equations with bounded zeroth-order and bounded VMO leading coefficients and possibly growing first-order coefficients. We look for solutions which are summable to the $p$-th power with respect to the usual Lebesgue measure along with their first and second-order derivatives with respect to the spatial variable.
We study the following boundary value problem (P)\ \ \ \ \ {-\mathrm{div}(a(|\nabla u|)\nabla u)=f(x,u),\ & in $Ω$, u=0, & on $\partialΩ$} with nonhomogeneous principal part. By assuming the nonlinearity $f(x, t)$ being subcritical growth, some abstract results of problem (P) are obtained: (1) Regularity; (2) Orlicz-Sobolev versus Hölder local minimizer; (3) Strong comparison principle. Applying these abstract results and critical point theory, we prove the existence of multiple solutions of problem (P) in an Orlicz-Sobolev space.
In this article, we consider mixed local and nonlocal Sobolev $(q,p)$-inequalities with extremal in the case $0<q<1<p<\infty$. We prove that the extremal of such inequalities is unique up to a multiplicative constant that is associated with a singular elliptic problem involving the mixed local and nonlocal $p$-Laplace operator. Moreover, it is proved that the mixed Sobolev inequalities are necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of weak solutions of such singular problems. As a consequence, a relation between the singular $p$-Laplace and mixed local and nonlocal $p$-Laplace equati…
This note is a continuation of the work \cite{CaoXiangYan2014}. We study the following quasilinear elliptic equations \[ -Δ_{p}u-\fracμ{|x|^{p}}|u|^{p-2}u=Q(x)|u|^{\frac{Np}{N-p}-2}u,\quad\, x\in\mathbb{R}^{N}, \] where $1<p<N,0\leqμ<\left((N-p)/p\right)^{p}$ and $Q\in L^{\infty}(\R^{N})$. Optimal asymptotic estimates on the gradient of solutions are obtained both at the origin and at the infinity.
We prove the local Lipschitz continuity and the higher differentiability of local minimizers of integral functionals with non autonomous integrand which is degenerate convex with respect to the gradient variable. The main novelty here is that the results are obtained assuming that the coefficients have weak derivative in an almost critical Zygmund class and the datum f is assumed to belong to the same Zygmund class.
We investigate an arbitrary regular elliptic boundary-value problem given in a bounded Euclidean domain with infinitely smooth boundary. We prove that the operator of the problem is bounded and Fredholm in appropriate pairs of Hörmander inner product spaces. They are parametrized with the help of an arbitrary radial function RO-varying at infinity and form the extended Sobolev scale. We establish a priori estimates for solutions to the problem and investigate their local regularity on this scale. We find new sufficient conditions for generalized partial derivatives of the solutions to be conti…
We consider elliptic problems with nonclassical boundary conditions that contain additional unknown functions on the border of the domain of the elliptic equation and also contain boundary operators of higher orders with respect to the order of this equation. We investigate the solvability of the indicated problems and properties of their solutions in an extended Sobolev scale. It consists of Hilbert generalized Sobolev spaces for which the order of regularity is a general radial function $\mathrm{RO}$-varying in the sense of Avakumović at infinity. We establish a theorem on the Fredholm prope…
We prove higher-order fractional Sobolev regularity for fully nonlinear, uniformly elliptic equations in the presence of unbounded source terms. More precisely, we show the existence of a universal number $0< \varepsilon <1$, depending only on ellipticity constants and dimension, such that if $u$ is a viscosity solution of $F(D^2u) = f(x) \in L^p$, then $u\in W^{1+\varepsilon,p}$, with appropriate estimates. Our strategy suggests a sort of fractional feature of fully nonlinear diffusion processes, as what we actually show is that $F(D^2u) \in L^p \implies (-Δ)^θu \in L^p$, for a universal cons…
In a refined Sobolev scale, we investigate an elliptic boundary-value problem with additional unknown functions in boundary conditions for which the maximum of orders of boundary operators is grater than or equal to the order of the elliptic equation. This scale consists of inner product Hörmander spaces whose order of regularity is given by a real number and a function varying slowly at infinity in the sense of Karamata. We prove a theorem on the Fredholm property of a bounded operator corresponding to this problem in the refined Sobolev scale. For the generalized solutions to the problem, we…
We show that every $\mathbb{R}^d$-valued Sobolev path with regularity $α$ and integrability $p$ can be lifted to a Sobolev rough path provided $α< 1/p<1/3$. The novelty of our approach is its use of ideas underlying Hairer's reconstruction theorem generalized to a framework allowing for Sobolev models and Sobolev modelled distributions. Moreover, we show that the corresponding lifting map is locally Lipschitz continuous with respect to the inhomogeneous Sobolev metric.
We consider an elliptic boundary problem over a bounded region $Ω$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and acting on the generalized Sobolev space $W^{0,χ}_p(Ω)$ for $1 < p < \infty$. We note that similar problems for $Ω$ either a bounded region in $\mathbb{R}^n$ or a closed manifold acting on $W^{0,χ}_2(Ω)$, called Hörmander space, have been the subject of investigation by various authors. Then in this paper we will, under the assumption of parameter-ellipticity, establish results pertaining to the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the boundary problem. Furthermore, under the further assumption that the…
In this paper, the semilinear elliptic systems with Dirichlet boundary value are considered \begin{align} \left\{\begin{array}{ll} -Δv=f(u) & \mathrm{in}\ Ω, -Δu=g(v) & \mathrm{in}\ Ω, u=0, \ v=0 & \mathrm{on}\ \partialΩ, \end{array} \right. \end{align} We extend the notion of subcritical growth from polynomial growth to N-function growth. Under N-function growth, nontrivial solutions are obtained via Orlicz-Sobolev spaces and variational methods. It's also noteworthy that the nonlinear term $g(v)$ does not have to satisfy the usual Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition. So, in a sense, we enrich re…
Let $Ω$ be a Lipschitz domain in $\mathbb R^n,n\geq 3,$ and $L=\divt A\nabla$ be a second order elliptic operator in divergence form. We will establish that the solvability of the Dirichlet regularity problem for boundary data in Hardy-Sobolev space $\HS$ is equivalent to the solvability of the Dirichlet regularity problem for boundary data in $H^{1,p}$ for some $1<p<\infty$. This is a "dual result" to a theorem in \cite{DKP09}, where it has been shown that the solvability of the Dirichlet problem with boundary data in $\text{BMO}$ is equivalent to the solvability for boundary data in $L^p(\pa…
We consider weak positive solutions to the critical $p$-Laplace equation with Hardy potential in $\mathbb R^N$ $$-Δ_p u -\fracγ{|x|^p} u^{p-1}=u^{p^*-1}$$ where $1<p<N$, $0\le γ<\left(\frac{N-p}{p}\right)^p$ and $p^*=\frac{Np}{N-p}$. The main result is to show that all the solutions in $\mathcal D^{1, p}(\mathbb R^N)$ are radial and radially decreasing about the origin.
In this paper, we consider the following nonlinear elliptic equation with Dirichlet boundary condition: $-Δu=K(x)u^{\frac{n+2}{n-2}},\, u>0$ in $Ω,\, u=0$ on $\partialΩ$, where $Ω$ is a smooth bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n,$ $n\geqslant 4,$ and $K$ is a $\mathcal{C}^1$-positive function in $\barΩ$. Under the assumption that the order of flatness at each critical point of $K$ is $β\in ]\,n-2,\,n[,$ we give precise estimates on the looses of the compactness, and we prove an existence result through an Euler-Hopf type formula.
In this paper, we consider the following quasilinear elliptic problem with potential $$(P) \begin{cases} -\mbox{div}(ϕ(x,|\nabla u|)\nabla u)+ V(x)|u|^{q(x)-2}u= f(x,u) & \ \ \mbox{ in }Ω, u=0 & \ \ \mbox{ on } \partialΩ, \end{cases}$$ where $Ω$ is a smooth bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ ($N\geq 2$), $V$ is a given function in a generalized Lebesgue space $L^{s(x)}(Ω)$, and $f(x,u)$ is a Carathéodory function satisfying suitable growth conditions. Using variational arguments, we study the existence of weak solutions for $(P)$ in the framework of Musielak-Sobolev spaces. The main difficulty…
We present a divergence free vector field in the Sobolev space $H^1$ such that the flow associated to the field does not belong to any Sobolev space. The vector field is deterministic but constructed as the realization of a random field combining simple elements. This construction illustrates the optimality of recent quantitative regularity estimates as it gives a straightforward example of a well-posed flow which has nevertheless only very weak regularity.
In this paper, we consider the following problem: $$ (-Δ)^{s} u -\frac{ζu}{|x|^{2s}} = \sum_{i=1}^{k} \frac{|u|^{2^{*}_{s,θ_{i}}-2}u} {|x|^{θ_{i}}} , \mathrm{~in~} \mathbb{R}^{N}, $$ where $N\geqslant3$, $s\in(0,1)$, $ζ\in \left[ 0,4^{s}\frac{Γ(\frac{N+2s}{4})}{Γ(\frac{N-2s}{4})} \right)$, $2^{*}_{s,θ_{i}}=\frac{2(N-θ_{i})}{N-2s}$ are the critical Hardy--Sobolev exponents, the parameters $θ_{i}$ satisfy a suitable assumption. By using Morrey space, refinement of Hardy--Sobolev inequality and variational method, we establish the existence of nonnegative solution. Our result generalizes the resu…
We study uniform Sobolev inequalities for the second order differential operators $P(D)$ of non-elliptic type. For $d\ge3$ we prove that the Sobolev type estimate $\|u\|_{L^q(\mathbb{R}^d)}\le C \|P(D)u\|_{L^p(\mathbb{R}^d)}$ holds with $C$ independent of the first order and the constant terms of $P(D)$ if and only if $1/p-1/q=2/d$ and $\frac{2d(d-1)}{d^2+2d-4}<p<\frac{2(d-1)}d$. We also obtain restricted weak type endpoint estimates for the critical $(p,q)=(\frac{2(d-1)}{d},\frac{2d(d-1)}{(d-2)^2})$, $(\frac{2d(d-1)}{d^2+2d-4}, \frac{2(d-1)}{d-2})$. As a consequence, the result extends the cl…
This paper is principally devoted to revisit the remarkable works of Keller and Osserman and generalize some previous results related to the those for the class of quasilinear elliptic problem $$ \left\{ \begin{array}{l} {\rm{div}} \left( ϕ(|\nabla u|)\nabla u\right) = a(x)f(u)\quad \mbox{in } Ω,\\ u\geq0\ \ \mbox{in}\ Ω,\ \ u=\infty\ \mbox{on}\ \partialΩ, \end{array} \right. $$ where either $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^N$ with $N \geq 1$ is a smooth bounded domain or $Ω= \mathbb{R}^N$. The function $ϕ$ includes special cases appearing in mathematical models in nonlinear elasticity, plasticity, genera…
In this paper we use an algebraic topological argument due to Bahri and Coron to show how the topology of the domain influences the existence of positive solutions of some fourth order elliptic equation involving the critical Sobolev exponent.
We investigate elliptic boundary-value problems with additional unknown functions in boundary conditions. These problems were introduced by Lawruk. We prove that the operator corresponding to such a problem is bounded and Fredholm on appropriate couples of the inner product isotropic Hörmander spaces $H^{s,φ}$, which form the refined Sobolev scale. The order of differentiation for these spaces is given by the real number $s$ and positive function $φ$ that varies slowly at infinity in the sense of Karamata. We consider this problem for an arbitrary elliptic equation $Au=f$ on a bounded Euclidea…
In this article, we develop the theory of weighted $L^2$ Sobolev spaces on unbounded domains in $\mathbb R^n$. As an application, we establish the elliptic theory for elliptic operators and prove trace and extension results analogous to the bounded, unweighted case.
