Hagen Neidhardt, Artur Stephan, Valentin Zagrebnov
We give a review of results on the operator-norm convergence of the Trotter product formula on Hilbert and Banach spaces, which is focused on the problem of its convergence rates. Some recent results concerning evolution semigroups are presented in details.
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In this paper we collect results concerning the {operator-norm} convergent {Trotter} product formula for two semigroups $\{\e^{- t A}\}_{t\geq 0}$, $\{\e^{- t B}\}_{t\geq 0}$, with densely defined generators $A$ and $B$ in a {Banach} space. Although the {strong} convergence in Banach space for contraction semigroups is known since the seminal paper by Trotter (1959), which after more than three decades was extended to convergence in the {operator-norm} topology in {Hilbert} spaces by Rogava (1993), the {operator-norm} convergence in a {Banach} space was established only in (2001).
On a question of P.R. Chernoff and H.F. Trotter
本文证明了耗散算子可扩展为生成准收缩C₀半群的算子，从而回答了切尔诺夫和特罗特的问题。
In the Trotter-Kato approximation theorem for C_0-semigroups on Banach spaces, we replace the strong by the weak operator topology and discuss the validity of the relevant implications.
Error Estimates and Higher Order Trotter Product Formulas in Jordan-Banach Algebras
本研究将Trotter-Suzuki近似分析拓展到Jordan-Banach代数，解决了此前二阶Trotter公式误差估计存在性的公开问题，验证了其在自旋模拟中的效果，为Jordan代数在算子动力学中的应用提供新思路。
In this research project we presents the general properties, the spectral properties and the representation formulas for $C_0$-semigroups of linear operators in Banach spaces
Suzuki Type Estimates for Exponentiated Sums and Generalized Lie-Trotter Formulas in Banach Algebras
本文在 Banach 代数中利用 Jordan 乘积建立 Lie-Trotter 乘积公式的两类误差估计，提出两种广义公式及显式界，并由此直接导出 Suzuki 对称化指数和近似。
In the present paper we advocate the Howland-Evans approach to solution of the abstract non-autonomous Cauchy problem (non-ACP) in a separable Banach space X. The main idea is to reformulate this problem as an autonomous Cauchy problem (ACP) in a new Banach space L^p(I,X), consisting of X-valued functions on the time-interval I. The fundamental observation is a one-to-one correspondence between solution operators (propagators) for a non-ACP and the corresponding evolution semigroups for ACP in L^p(I,X). We show that the latter also allows to apply a full power of the operator-theoretical metho…
We develop new approach for studying the abstract Cauchy problem $\dot{x}=Ax$, $x(0)=x_0\in D(A)$ for linear operators $A$ defined on a locally convex space $X$. This approach was firstly introduced in the paper "Chernoff and Trotter type product formulas" to study the problem for Banach spaces. In this paper we not only generalize the results of the previous paper to more general topological spaces but also get new results for Banach spaces. In particular, we prove the "local" extension of Chernoff-Trotter-Kato type theorems. Applying this result, we prove Chernoff, Lie-Trotter and Trotter-Ka…
In this paper we prove a Lie-Trotter product formula for Markov semigroups in spaces of measures. We relate our results to "classical" results for strongly continuous linear semigroups on Banach spaces or Lipschitz semigroups in metric spaces and show that our approach is an extension of existing results. As Markov semigroups on measures are usually neither strongly continuous nor bounded linear operators for the relevant norms, we prove the convergence of the Lie-Trotter product formula assuming that the semigroups are locally equicontinuous and tight. A crucial tool we use in the proof is a …
This paper studies a class of impulsive neutral stochastic partial differential equations in real Hilbert spaces. The main goal here is to consider the Trotter-Kato approximations of mild solutions of such equations in the $p$th-mean ($p\geq2$). As an application, a classical limit theorem on the dependence of such equations on a parameter is obtained. The novelty of this paper is that the combination of this approximating system and such equations has not been considered before.
The paper is devoted to evolution equations of the form $\partial$ $\partial$t u(t) = --(A + B(t))u(t), t $\in$ I = [0, T ], on separable Hilbert spaces where A is a non-negative self-adjoint operator and B($\times$) is family of non-negative self-adjoint operators such that dom(A $α$) $\subseteq$ dom(B(t)) for some $α$ $\in$ [0, 1) and the map A --$α$ B($\times$)A --$α$ is H{ö}lder continuous with the H{ö}lder exponent $β$ $\in$ (0, 1). It is shown that the solution operator U(t, s) of the evolution equation can be approximated in the operator norm by a combination of semigroups generated by …
We constructed a unitary semigroup $(e^{tA})_{t \geq 0}$ on a Hilbert space and an orthogonal projection $P$ such that the limit $\lim_{n \to \infty} [ e^{\frac{t}{n}A}P ]^n$ does not exist strongly. A similar example with a positive contractive semigroup and positive contractive projection on $L_p$ is also constructed.
We study how well a quasi-Banach space can be coarsely embedded into a Hilbert space. Given any quasi-Banach space X which coarsely embeds into a Hilbert space, we compute its Hilbert space compression exponent. We also show that the Hilbert space compression exponent of X is equal to the supremum of the amounts of snowflakings of X which admit a bi-Lipschitz embedding into a Hilbert space.
We consider the abstract Cauchy problem x'=Ax, x(0)=x_0\in D(A) for linear operators A on a Banach space X. We prove uniqueness of the (local) solution of this problem for a natural class of operators A. Moreover, we establish that the solution x(\cdot) can be represented as a limit of sequence F(t/n)^{n} as n\to\infty in the weak operator topology, where a function F:[0,\infty)\to L(X) satisfies F'(0)y=Ay, y\in D(A). As a consequence, we deduce necessary and sufficient conditions that a linear operator C is closable and its closure is a generator of C_0-semigroup. We also obtain some criteria…
This paper is devoted to the study of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. We focus on multipliers of reproducing kernel Banach and Hilbert spaces. In particular we tried to extend this concept and prove some theorems.
In this paper Hilbert spaces are characterized among Banach spaces in terms of transitivity with respect to nicely behaved subgroups of the isometry group. For example, the following result is typical here: If X is a real Banach space isomorphic to a Hilbert space and convex-transitive with respect to the isometric finite-dimensional perturbations of the identity, then X is already isometric to a Hilbert space.
Motivated by the work of T.E. Govindan in [5,8,9], this paper is concerned with a more general semilinear stochastic evolution equation. The difference between the equations considered in this paper and the previous one is that it makes some changes to the nonlinear function in random integral, which also depends on the probability distribution of stochastic process at that time. First, this paper considers the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions for such equations. Furthermore, Trotter-Kato approximation system is introduced for the mild solutions, and the weak convergence of induced p…
We identify symmetric quasi-Banach range of the discrete Calderón operator and Hilbert transform acting on a symmetric quasi-Banach sequence space. As an application we present an example of optimal range in the case when the domain of those operators is the weak-$\ell_{1}$ space of sequences.
On compact (limited) operators between Hilbert and Banach spaces
本文研究 Hilbert 到 Banach 空间间线性算子集合的紧性，给出集体紧（有限）集的正交刻画。
This paper is devoted to the study of vector valued reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. We focus on reproducing kernels in vector-valued reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. In particular we extend reproducing kernels to relative reproducing kernels and prove some theorems in this subject.
We prove that a non ergodic Banach space must be near Hilbert. In particular, $\ell_p$ ($2<p<\infty$) is ergodic. This reinforces the conjecture that $\ell_2$ is the only non ergodic Banach space. As an application of our criterion for ergodicity, we prove that there is no separable Banach space which is complementably universal for the class of all subspaces of $\ell_p$, for $1\leq p <2$. This solves a question left open by W. B. Johnson and A. Szankowski in 1976.
Uniform Embeddings of Banach Space Spheres into Hilbert Spaces and Property (H)
本文证明可分无穷维实 Banach 空间单位球面均匀嵌入 Hilbert 空间蕴含该空间具有 Kasparov–Yu 性质 (H)。
The aim of this paper is to give a characterization in Hilbert spaces of the generators of $C_0$-semigroups associated with closed, sectorial forms in terms of the convergence of a generalized Trotter's product formula. In the course of the proof of the main result we also present a similarity result which can be of independent interest: for any unbounded generator $A$ of a $C_0$-semigroup $e^{tA}$ it is possible to introduce an equivalent scalar product on the space, such that $e^{tA}$ becomes non-quasi-contractive with respect to the new scalar product.
A basic result in semigroup theory states that every $C_0$-semigroup is quasi-contractive with respect to some appropriately chosen equivalent norm. This paper contains a counterpart of this well-known fact. Namely, by examining the convergence of the Trotter-type formula $(e^{\frac{t}{n}A}P)^n$ (where $P$ denotes a bounded projection), we prove that whenever the generator $A$ is unbounded it is possible to introduce an equivalent norm on the space with respect to which the semigroup is {\it{not}} quasi-contractive.
Some remarks on smooth mappings of Hilbert and Banach spaces and their local convexity property
本文研究了Hilbert和Banach空间中将小球映射为凸集的非线性光滑映射，提出新的温和条件以保证局部凸性，并探讨了Banach空间非线性映射局部凸性相关的开放问题。
We prove that a Hilbert space frame $\fti$ contains a Riesz basis if every subfamily $\ftj , J \subseteq I ,$ is a frame for its closed span. Secondly we give a new characterization of Banach spaces which do not have any subspace isomorphic to $c_0$. This result immediately leads to an improvement of a recent theorem of Holub concerning frames consisting of a Riesz basis plus finitely many elements.
In this paper, we study the boundedness of the Hilbert transformation in Lorentz function spaces, thereby complementing classical results of Boyd. We also characterize the optimal range of a triangular truncation operator in Schatten-Lorentz ideals. These results further entail sharp commutator estimates and applications to operator Lipschitz functions in Schatten-Lorentz ideals.
We extend a theorem of Kato on similarity for sequences of projections in Hilbert spaces to the case of isomorphic Schauder decompositions in certain Banach spaces. To this end we use $\ell_Ψ$-Hilbertian and $\infty$-Hilbertian Schauder decompositions instead of orthogonal Schauder decompositions, generalize the concept of an orthogonal Schauder decomposition in a Hilbert space and introduce the class of spaces with Schauder-Orlicz decompositions. Furthermore, we generalize the notions of type, cotype, infratype and $M$-cotype of a Banach space and study the properties of unconditional Schaude…
In this work we discuss several ways to extend to the context of Banach spaces the notion of Hilbert-Schmidt operators: $p$-summing operators, $γ$-summing or $γ$-radonifying operators, weakly $*1$-nuclear operators and classes of operators defined via factorization properties. We introduce the class $PS_2(E; F)$ of pre-Hilbert-Schmidt operators as the class of all operators $u:E\to F$ such that $w\circ u \circ v$ is Hilbert-Schmidt for every bounded operator $v: H_1\to E$ and every bounded operator $w:F\to H_2$, where $H_1$ et $H_2$ are Hilbert spaces. Besides the trivial case where one of the…
Let $X$ be a separable Banach space with a separating polynomial. We show that there exists $C\geq 1$ (depending only on $X$) such that for every Lipschitz function $f:X\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$, and every $ε>0$, there exists a Lipschitz, real analytic function $g:X\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ such that $|f(x)-g(x)|\leq ε$ and $\textrm{Lip}(g)\leq C\textrm{Lip}(f)$. This result is new even in the case when $X$ is a Hilbert space. Furthermore, in the Hilbertian case we also show that $C$ can be assumed to be any number greater than 1.
Paley-Wiener theorem for frames for Hilbert spaces, Banach frames, Schauder frames and atomic decompositions for Banach spaces are known. In this paper, we derive Paley-Wiener theorem for p-approximate Schauder frames for separable Banach spaces. We show that our results give Paley-Wiener theorem for frames for Hilbert spaces.
Suzuki Type Estimates for Exponentiated Sums and Generalized Lie-Trotter Formulas in JB-Algebras
本文在JB-代数背景下，证明了指数化和的Suzuki型逼近成立，给出了显式估计公式，并将Lie-Trotter公式推广至任意数量元素。
Lie--Trotter formulae in Jordan--Banach algebras with applications to the study of spectral-valued multiplicative functionals
本文在Jordan--Banach代数中建立了Lie--Trotter公式，并利用它们证明了满足特定乘法条件的谱值泛函必为连续乘法线性泛函，推广了已有结果。
Let $A$ and $B$ be non-negative self-adjoint operators in a separable Hilbert space such that its form sum $C$ is densely defined. It is shown that the Trotter product formula holds for imaginary times in the $L^2$-norm, that is, one has % % \begin{displaymath} \lim_{n\to+\infty}\int^T_0 \|(e^{-itA/n}e^{-itB/n})^nh - e^{-itC}h\|^2dt = 0 \end{displaymath} % % for any element $h$ of the Hilbert space and any $T > 0$. The result remains true for the Trotter-Kato product formula % % \begin{displaymath} \lim_{n\to+\infty}\int^T_0 \|(f(itA/n)g(itB/n))^nh - e^{-itC}h\|^2dt = 0 \end{displaymath} % % w…
Let $X$ denote $\mathbb{R}^n$ or, more generally, a Hilbert space. Given an arbitrary subset $C$ of $X$ and a collection $\mathcal{H}$ of affine hyperplanes of $X$ such that every $H\in\mathcal{H}$ passes through some point $x_{H}\in C$, and $C=\{x_H : H\in\mathcal{H}\}$, what conditions are necessary and sufficient for the existence of a $C^{1,1}$ convex hypersurface $S$ in $X$ such that $H$ is tangent to $S$ at $x_H$ for every $H\in\mathcal{H}$? In this paper we give an answer to this question. We also provide solutions to similar problems for convex hypersurfaces of class $C^{1, ω}$ in Hilb…
In this paper we consider series expansions via a frame and a non-frame and the possibilities for interchange of the two sequences, both in the Hilbert and Banach space setting. First we give a characterization of frame-related concepts in Banach spaces (atomic decompositions, Banach frames, $X_d$-Riesz bases, $X_d$-frames, $X_d$-Bessel sequences, and sequences satisfying the lower $X_d$-frame condition). We also determine necessary and sufficient conditions for operators to preserve the type of the concepts listed above. Then we discuss differences and relationships between expansions in a Ba…
It is known in Hilbert space frame theory that a Bessel sequence can be expanded to a frame. Contrary to Hilbert space situation, using a result of Casazza and Christensen, we show that there are Banach spaces and approximate Bessel sequences which can not be expanded to approximate Schauder frames. We characterize Banach spaces in which one can expand approximate Bessel sequences to approximate Schauder frames.
We give a direct proof of the fact that a quasi-Banach space coarsely embeds into a Hilbert space if and only if it uniformly embeds into a Hilbert space.
In this paper we study some basic properties of bicomplex linear operators on bicomplex Hilbert spaces. Further we discuss some applications of Hahn-Banach theorem on bicomplex Banach modules. We also introduce and discuss some bicomplex holomorphic function spaces and prove Littlewood's Subordination principle for bicomplex Hardy space.
We show that if the Hilbert transform with values in a Banach space is $L^p$ bounded, then so is the dyadic Hilbert transform, with a linear relation of the norms.
We study the horofunction boundaries of Hilbert and Thompson geometries, and of Banach spaces, in arbitrary dimension. By comparing the boundaries of these spaces, we show that the only Hilbert and Thompson geometries that are isometric to Banach spaces are the ones defined on the cone of positive continuous functions on a compact space.
Motivated by a general dilation theory for operator-valued measures, framings and bounded linear maps on operator algebras, we consider the dilation theory of the above objects with special structures. We show that every operator-valued system of imprimitivity has a dilation to a probability spectral system of imprimitivity acting on a Banach space. This completely generalizes a well-kown result which states that every frame representation of a countable group on a Hilbert space is unitarily equivalent to a subrepresentation of the left regular representation of the group. The dilated space in…
It is known that two Banach space operators that are Schur coupled are also equivalent after extension, or equivalently, matricially coupled. The converse implication, that operators which are equivalent after extension or matricially coupled are also Schur coupled, was only known for Fredholm Hilbert space operators and Fredholm Banach space operators with index 0. We prove that this implication also holds for Hilbert space operators with closed range, generalizing the result for Fredholm operators, and Banach space operators that can be approximated in operator norm by invertible operators. …
We revise the operator-norm convergence of the Trotter product formula for a pair {A,B} of generators of semigroups on a Banach space. Operator-norm convergence holds true if the dominating operator A generates a holomorphic contraction semigroup and B is a A-infinitesimally small generator of a contraction semigroup, in particular, if B is a bounded operator. Inspired by studies of evolution semigroups it is shown in the present paper that the operator-norm convergence generally fails even for bounded operators B if A is not a holomorphic generator. Moreover, it is shown that operator norm co…
Trotter-type formula for operator semigroups on product spaces
本文提出一种Trotter型乘积公式，通过依次冻结子空间分量来逼近乘积Banach空间上线性抽象Cauchy问题的解，并在主算子生成全纯半群且非对角耦合算子有界时，证明了算子范数下几乎最优的收敛速率。
In 1992, Kiendi, Adamy and Stelzner investigated under which conditions a certain type of function constituted a Lyapunov function for some time-invariant linear system. Six years later, it was obtained that this property holds if and only if the Banach space enjoys the self-extension property. However, the knowledge of these spaces needed to be extended in order to make useful this characterization, since there were little information on which classic Banach spaces satisfy this property and its relations with other classic properties. We present the self-extension property in a wider frame, r…
We show that if the dyadic Hilbert transform with values in a Banach space is $L^p$ bounded, then so is the Hilbert transform, with a linear relation of the bounds. This result is the counterpart of [arXiv:2212.00090] where the opposite bound was proven.
Periodicity in Banach algebras
研究Banach代数上等距同构与左乘子复合算子的周期性，给出其周期元稠密的充要条件，并应用于C*-代数上的广义加权移位。
Continuing the research on the Banach-Saks and Schur properties started in (cf. M. Frank, A. A. Pavlov, Banach-Saks properties of C*-algebras and Hilbert C*-modules (submitted)) we investigate analogous properties in the module context. As an environment serves the class of Hilbert C*-modules. Some properties of weak module topologies on Hilbert C*-modules are described. Natural module analogues of the classical weak Banach-Saks and the classical Schur properties are defined and studied. A number of useful characterizations of properties of Hilbert C*-modules is obtained. In particular, some i…
W.B. Johnson has constructed a series of Banach spaces non isomorphic to the Hilbert one that have the hereditarily approximation property (shortly hereditarily AP): all their subspaces also have the AP. All these examples were ''sufficiently'' non-symmetric and this fact allows Johnson to ask: whether there exists any Banach space $X$ with symmetric (or, at least, subsymmetric) basis, distinct from the Hilbert space such that each its subspace has the AP? In this paper is shown that there is a Banach space with a subsymmetric basis (non-equivalent to any symmetric one), which enjoys the hered…
Classification of ill-posedness for bounded linear operators in Banach spaces
针对Banach空间中线性算子不适定性定义不统一的问题，梳理现有相关定义，完成I型、II型不适定性分类并讨论边界混合情形与算子实例。
For the solution of operator equations, Stevenson introduced a definition of frames, where a Hilbert space and its dual are {\em not} identified. This means that the Riesz isomorphism is not used as an identification, which, for example, does not make sense for the Sobolev spaces $H_0^1(Ω)$ and $H^{-1}(Ω)$. In this article, we are going to revisit the concept of Stevenson frames and introduce it for Banach spaces. This is equivalent to $\ell^2$-Banach frames. It is known that, if such a system exists, by defining a new inner product and using the Riesz isomorphism, the Banach space is isomorph…
Almost Auerbach, Markushevich and Schauder bases in Hilbert and Banach spaces
该研究构造了可分希尔伯特空间中满足特定级数发散条件的非强$(1+\varepsilon_n)$有界Markushevich基，证明条件的紧性，并推广到任意巴拿赫空间，得到经任意置换都不是Schauder基的对应基的存在性结论。
Operator ordering by ill-posedness in Hilbert and Banach spaces
本文提出一种基于有界算子级联的算子不适定性排序方法，证明其与 Mathé 和 Hofmann 定义的等价性，并将其推广至 Banach 空间及非线性问题。
We obtain sharp approximation results for into nearisometries between Lp spaces and nearisometries into a Hilbert space. Our main theorem is the optimal approximation result for nearsurjective nearisometries between general Banach spaces.
We consider Banach spaces equipped with a set of strongly continuous bounded semigroups satisfying certain conditions. Using these semigroups we introduce an analog of a modulus of continuity and define analogs of Besov norms. A generalization of a classical interpolation theorem is proven in which the role of Sobolev spaces is played by subspaces defined in terms of infinitesimal operators of these semigroups. We show that our assumptions about a given set of semigroups are satisfied in the case of a strongly continuous bounded representation of a Lie group. In the case of a unitary represent…
Following Davie's example of a Banach space failing the approximation property [D], we show how to construct a Banach space E which is asymptotically Hilbertian and fails the approximation property. Moreover, the space E is shown to be a subspace of a space with an unconditional basis which is ``almost'' a weak Hilbert space and which can be written as the direct sum of two subspaces all of whose subspaces have the approximation property.
We define the frame potential for a Schauder frame on a finite dimensional Banach space as the square of the $2$-summing norm of the frame operator. As is the case for frames for Hilbert spaces, we prove that the frame potential can be used to characterize finite unit norm tight frames (FUNTFs) for finite dimensional Banach spaces. We prove the existence of FUNTFs for a variety of spaces, and in particular that every $n$-dimensional complex Banach space with a $1$-unconditional basis has a FUNTF of $N$ vectors for every $N\geq n$. However, many interesting results on FUNTFs and sums of rank on…
It is a longstanding problem whether every contractible Banach algebra is necessarily finite-dimensional. In this note, we confirm this for Banach algebras acting on Banach spaces with the uniform approximation property. This generalizes a result of Paulsen and Smith who proved the same for Banach algebras acting on Hilbert spaces.
In this paper we investigate real convex-transitive Banach spaces X, which admit a 1-dimensional bicontractive projection P on X. Various mild conditions regarding the weak topology and the geometry of the norm are provided, which guarantee that such an X is in fact isometrically a Hilbert space. The results obtained can be regarded as partial answers to the well-known Banach-Mazur rotation problem, as well as to a question posed by B. Randrianantoanina in 2002 about convex-transitive spaces.
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