Fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) deployments are being rolled out in both the C-band (3.3 - 5.0 GHz) and millimeter-wave (mmWave) band (24.5 - 29.5 GHz). For outdoor scenarios, the C-band is expected to provide wide area coverage and throughput uniformity, whereas the mmWave band is expected to provide ultra-high throughput to dedicated areas within the C-band coverage. Due to the differences in the frequency bands, both systems are expected to be designed with different transmit and receive parameters, naturally resulting in performance variations proportional to the chosen parameters. Unlike many previous works, this paper presents measurement evaluations in central Auckland, New Zealand, from a pre-commercial deployment of a single-user, single-cell 5G-NR system operating in both bands. The net throughput, coverage reliability, and channel rank are analyzed across the two bands with baseband and analog beamforming. Our results show that the C-band coverage is considerably better than mmWave, with a consistently higher channel rank. Furthermore, the spatial stationarity region (SSR) for the azimuth angles-of-departure (AODs) is characterized, and a model derived from the measured beam identities is presented. The SSR of azimuth AODs is seen to closely follow a gamma distribution.
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) communications require beamforming to acquire adequate receive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To find the optimal beam, current beam management solutions perform beam training over a large number of beams in pre-defined codebooks. The beam training overhead increases the access latency and can become infeasible for high-mobility applications. To reduce or even eliminate this beam training overhead, we propose to utilize the visual data, captured for example by cameras at the base stations, to guide the beam tracking/refining process. We propose a mach…
With the successful worldwide deployment of 3rd generation mobile communication, security aspects are ensured partly. Researchers are now looking for 4G mobile for its deployment with high data rate, enhanced security and reliability so that world should look for CALM, Continuous Air interface for Long and Medium range communication. This CALM will be a reliable high data rate secured mobile communication to be deployed for car to car communication (C2C) for safety application. This paper reviewed the WiMAX ,& 60 GHz RF carrier for C2C. The system is tested at SMIT laboratory with multimedia t…
Millimetre wave (mm-wave) communication is considered as one of the most important enablers for the fifth generation communication (5G) system to support data rate of Gbps and above. In some scenarios, it is crucial to maintain a line of sight (LOS) link for users enjoying 5G immersive experiences and thus requiring very high data rate. In this paper, we investigate the LOS probability in mm-wave systems. In particular, we study the impact of access point (AP) and blockage height on the LOS probability and propose a solution to effectively enhance the LOS coverage by using high-rise APs on top…
In this paper, a new mathematical framework to the analysis of millimeter wave cellular networks is introduced. Its peculiarity lies in considering realistic path-loss and blockage models, which are derived from recently reported experimental data. The path-loss model accounts for different distributions of line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight propagation conditions and the blockage model includes an outage state that provides a better representation of the outage possibilities of millimeter wave communications. By modeling the locations of the base stations as points of a Poisson point process…
Increased density of wireless devices, ever growing demands for extremely high data rate, and spectrum scarcity at microwave bands make the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies an important player in future wireless networks. However, mmWave communication systems exhibit severe attenuation, blockage, deafness, and may need microwave networks for coordination and fall-back support. To compensate for high attenuation, mmWave systems exploit highly directional operation, which in turn substantially reduces the interference footprint. The significant differences between mmWave networks and legacy …
Cell-free massive MIMO systems have promising data rate and uniform coverage gains. These systems, however, typically rely on optical fiber based fronthaul for the communication between the central processing unit (CPU) and the distributed access points (APs), which increases the infrastructure cost, leads to high installation time, and limits the deployment flexibility and adaptability. To address these challenges, this paper proposes two architectures for cell-free massive MIMO systems based on wireless fronthaul that is operating at a \textit{higher-band} compared to the access links: (i) A…
An urban tactical wireless network is considered wherein the base stations are situated on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that provide connectivity to ground assets such as vehicles located on city streets. The UAVs are assumed to be randomly deployed at a fixed height according to a two-dimensional point process. Millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies are used to avail of large available bandwidths and spatial isolation due to beamforming. In urban environments, mmWave signals are prone to blocking of the line-of-sight (LoS) by buildings. While reflections are possible, the desire for consiste…
Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication is a key technology for future wireless networks. To combat significant path loss and exploit the abundant mm-wave spectrum, effective beamforming is crucial. Nevertheless, conventional fully digital beamforming techniques are inapplicable, as they demand a separate radio frequency (RF) chain for each antenna element, which is costly and consumes too much energy. Hybrid beamforming is a cost-effective alternative, which can significantly reduce the hardware cost and power consumption by employing a small number of RF chains. This paper presents a holisti…
In this paper, we investigate the optimization of non-uniform linear antenna arrays (NULAs) for millimeter wave (mmWave) line-of-sight (LoS) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels. Our focus is on the maximization of the system effective multiplexing gain (EMG), by optimizing the individual antenna positions in the transmit/receive NULAs. Here the EMG is defined as the number of signal streams that are practically supported by the channel at a finite SNR. We first derive analytical expressions for the asymptotic channel eigenvalues with arbitrarily deployed NULAs when, asymptotically, …
Millimeter wave (mmW) communication is a promising solution for providing high-capacity wireless network access. However, the benefits of mmW are limited by the fact that the channel between a mmW access point and the user equipment can stochastically change due to severe blockage of mmW links by obstacles such as the human body. Thus, one main challenge of mmW network coverage is to enable directional line-of-sight links between access points and mobile devices. In this paper, a novel framework is proposed for optimizing mmW network coverage within hotspots and in-venue regions, while being c…
Although millimeter wave (mmWave) systems promise to offer larger bandwidth and unprecedented peak data rates, their practical implementation faces several hardware challenges compared to sub-6 GHz communication systems. These hardware constraints can seriously undermine the performance and deployment progress of mmWave systems and, thus, necessitate disruptive solutions in the cross-design of analog and digital modules. In this article, we discuss the importance of different hardware constraints and propose a novel system architecture, which is able to release these hardware constraints while…
This paper considers the following question for viable wide-area millimeter wave cellular networks. What is the maximum extended coverage area of a single fiber site using multi-hop relaying, while achieving a minimum target per user data rate? We formulate an optimization problem to maximize the minimum end-to-end per user data rate, and exploit unique features of millimeter wave deployments to yield a tractable solution. The mesh network is modeled as a $k-$ring urban-canyon type deployment, where $k$ is the number of hops back to the fiber site. The total number of relays per fiber site gro…
A great increase in wireless access rates might be attainable by using the large amount of spectrum available in the millimeter wave (mmWave, 30 - 300 GHz) band. However, due to higher propagation losses inherent in these frequencies, to use wider bandwidth for transmission at ranges beyond 100 meters or in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) settings may be ineffective or even counterproductive when the penalty for estimating the channel is taken into account. In this work we quantify the maximum beneficial bandwidth for mmWave transmission in some typical deployment scenarios which use pilot-based chan…
The surge in mobile broadband data demands is expected to surpass the available spectrum capacity below 6 GHz. This expectation has prompted the exploration of millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency bands as a candidate technology for next generation wireless networks. However, numerous challenges to deploying mm-wave communication systems, including channel estimation, need to be met before practical deployments are possible. This work addresses the mm-wave channel estimation problem and treats it as a beam discovery problem in which locating beams with strong path reflectors is analogous to loc…
In this paper, a novel approach that uses an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-carried intelligent reflector (IR) is proposed to enhance the performance of millimeter wave (mmW) networks. In particular, the UAV-IR is used to intelligently reflect mmW beamforming signals from a base station towards a mobile outdoor user, while harvesting energy from mmW signals to power the IR. To maintain a line-of-sight (LOS) channel, a reinforcement learning (RL) approach, based on Q-learning and neural networks, is proposed to model the propagation environment, such that the location and reflection coefficient …
The surge in mobile broadband data demands is expected to surpass the available spectrum capacity below $6$ GHz. This expectation has prompted the exploration of millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency bands as a candidate technology for next generation wireless networks. However, numerous challenges to deploying mm-wave communication systems, including channel estimation, need to be met before practical deployments are possible. This work addresses the mm-wave channel estimation problem and treats it as a beam discovery problem in which locating beams with strong path reflectors is analogous to l…
This paper considers three aspects of Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) communication networks that have received little attention in previous works, but are important to understand when designing and implementing this promising wireless technology. First, we analyze how bursty data traffic behaviors affect the system. Using a probabilistic model for intermittent user activity, we show that the spectral efficiency (SE) scales gracefully with reduced user activity. Then, we make an analytic comparison between synchronous and asynchronous pilot signaling, and prove that the choice be…
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) offers high data rate and bandwidth for air-to-everything (A2X) communications including air-to-air, air-to-ground, and air-to-tower. MmWave communication in the A2X network is sensitive to buildings blockage effects. In this paper, we propose an analytical framework to define and characterise the connectivity for an aerial access point (AAP) by jointly using stochastic geometry and random shape theory. The buildings are modelled as a Boolean line-segment process with fixed height. The blocking area for an arbitrary building is derived and minimized by optimizing the a…
Millimeter wave (mmWave) links will offer high capacity but are poor at penetrating into or diffracting around solid objects. Thus, we consider a hybrid cellular network with traditional sub 6 GHz macrocells coexisting with denser mmWave small cells, where a mobile user can connect to either opportunistically. We develop a general analytical model to characterize and derive the uplink and downlink cell association in view of the SINR and rate coverage probabilities in such a mixed deployment. We offer extensive validation of these analytical results (which rely on several simplifying assumptio…
Integrated access and backhaul (IAB) facilitates cost-effective deployment of millimeter wave(mmWave) cellular networks through multihop self-backhauling. Full-duplex (FD) technology, particularly for mmWave systems, is a potential means to overcome latency and throughput challenges faced by IAB networks. We derive practical and tractable throughput and latency constraints using queueing theory and formulate a network utility maximization problem to evaluate both FD-IAB and half-duplex(HD)-IAB networks. We use this to characterize the network-level improvements seen when upgrading from convent…
This paper is concerned with the channel estimation problem in multi-cell Millimeter (mmWave) wireless systems. We develop a novel Ray-of-Arrival Passing for Indirect (RAPID) Beam Training framework, in which a network consisting of multiple BS are able to work cooperatively to estimate jointly the UE channels. To achieve this aim, we consider the spatial geometry of the mmWave environment and transform conventional angular domain beamforming concepts into the more euclidean, Ray-based domain. Leveraging this model, we then consider the conditional probabilities that pilot signals are received…
The licensing model for millimeter wave bands has been the subject of considerable debate, with some industry players advocating for unlicensed use and others for traditional geographic area exclusive use licenses. Meanwhile, the massive bandwidth, highly directional antennas, high penetration loss and susceptibility to shadowing in these bands suggest certain advantages to spectrum and infrastructure sharing. However, even when sharing is technically beneficial (as recent research in this area suggests that it is), it may not be profitable. In this paper, both the technical and economic impli…
With the severe spectrum shortage in conventional cellular bands, millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies have been attracting growing attention for next-generation micro- and picocellular wireless networks. A fundamental and open question is whether mmWave cellular networks are likely to be noise- or interference-limited. Identifying in which regime a network is operating is critical for the design of MAC and physical-layer procedures and to provide insights on how transmissions across cells should be coordinated to cope with interference. This work uses the latest measurement-based statistical …
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems rely on large-scale antenna arrays to combat large path-loss at mmWave band. Due to hardware characteristics and deployment environments, mmWave large-scale antenna systems are vulnerable to antenna element blockages and failures, which necessitate diagnostic techniques to locate faulty antenna elements for calibration purposes. Current diagnostic techniques require full or partial knowledge of channel state information (CSI), which can be challenging to acquire in the presence of antenna failures. In this letter, we propose a blind diagnostic tec…
Millimeter wave (mmWave) communications have recently attracted large research interest, since the huge available bandwidth can potentially lead to rates of multiple Gbps (gigabit per second) per user. Though mmWave can be readily used in stationary scenarios such as indoor hotspots or backhaul, it is challenging to use mmWave in mobile networks, where the transmitting/receiving nodes may be moving, channels may have a complicated structure, and the coordination among multiple nodes is difficult. To fully exploit the high potential rates of mmWave in mobile networks, lots of technical problems…
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are considered a promising technology for boosting the coverage and for enhancing the spectral efficiency of wireless systems, as well as for taming the wireless environment. The potential benefits of RISs are currently being analyzed and various approaches are being proposed to address some challenges for their integration in wireless networks. Currently available studies to quantify the potential gains of deploying RISs in wireless networks are limited to simple network topologies, while no system-level assessments have been reported to date. Networ…
The ongoing commercial deployment of millimeter wave systems brings into focus a number of practical issues in form factor user equipment (UE) design. With wavelengths becoming smaller, antenna gain patterns becoming directional, and link budgets critically dependent on beamforming, it becomes imperative to use a number of antenna modules at different locations of the UE for good performance. While more antennas/modules can enhance beamforming array gains, it comes with the tradeoff of higher component cost, power consumption of the associated radio frequency circuitry, and a beam management o…
Millimeter wave (mmWave) band, or high frequencies such as THz, has large undeveloped band of spectrum. However, wireless channels over the mmWave band usually have one or two paths only due to the severe attenuation. The channel property restricts its development in the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, which can improve throughput by increasing the spectral efficiency. Recent development in reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) provides new opportunities to mmWave communications. In this study, we propose a mmWave system, which used low-precision analog-to-digital converters (…
Commonly considered user association frameworks in millimeter-wave communications are based on the sum rate maximization, and they essentially neglect user specific rate and service requirements. Furthermore, new features of millimeter-wave communications including spatial multiplexing, connectivity to multiple coordinated base stations and dense base station deployment are not considered. In this work, we propose a two-step optimization framework for single-shot user association in dense millimeter-wave networks which takes into account users' rate requirements, multi-connectivity, and hybrid…
Millimeter-wave self-backhauled small cells are a key component of next-generation wireless networks. Their dense deployment will increase data rates, reduce latency, and enable efficient data transport between the access and backhaul networks, providing greater flexibility not previously possible with optical fiber. Despite their high potential, operating dense self-backhauled networks optimally is an open challenge, particularly for radio resource management (RRM). This paper presents, RadiOrchestra, a holistic RRM framework that models and optimizes beamforming, rate selection as well as us…
The multi-panel array, as a state-of-the-art antenna-in-package technology, is very suitable for millimeter-wave (mmWave)/terahertz (THz) systems, due to its low-cost deployment and scalable configuration. But in the context of nonuniform array structures it leads to intractable signal processing. Based on such an array structure at the base station, this paper investigates a joint active user detection (AUD) and channel estimation (CE) scheme based on compressive sensing (CS) for application to the massive Internet of Things (IoT). Specifically, by exploiting the structured sparsity of mmWave…
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications plays an important role for future cellular networks because of the vast amount of spectrum available in the underutilized mmWave frequency bands. To overcome the huge free space omnidirectional path loss in those frequency bands, the deployment of a very large number of antenna elements at the base station is crucial. The complexity, power consumption and costs resulting from the large number of antenna elements can be reduced by limiting the number of RF chains. This leads to hybrid precoding and combining, which, in contrast to the traditional fully d…
There have been active research activities worldwide in developing the next-generation 5G wireless network. The 5G network is expected to support significantly large amount of mobile data traffic and huge number of wireless connections, achieve better cost- and energy-efficiency as well as quality of service (QoS) in terms of communication delay, reliability and security. To this end, the 5G wireless network should exploit potential gains in different network dimensions including super dense and heterogeneous deployment of cells and massive antenna arrays (i.e., massive multiple input multiple…
Emerging fifth generation (5G) wireless networks require massive bandwidth in higher frequency bands, extreme network densities, and flexibility of supporting multiple wireless technologies in order to provide higher data rates and seamless coverage. It is expected that utilization of the large bandwidth in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band and deployment of heterogeneous networks (HetNets) will help address the data rate requirements of 5G networks. However, high pathloss and shadowing in the mmWave frequency band, strong interference in the HetNets due to massive network densification, and c…
The millimeter wave (mmWave) band, which is a prime candidate for 5G cellular networks, seems attractive for wireless energy harvesting. This is because it will feature large antenna arrays as well as extremely dense base station (BS) deployments. The viability of mmWave for energy harvesting though is unclear, due to the differences in propagation characteristics such as extreme sensitivity to building blockages. This paper considers a scenario where low-power devices extract energy and/or information from the mmWave signals. Using stochastic geometry, analytical expressions are derived for t…
In this paper, a new mathematical framework to the analysis of millimeter wave cellular networks is introduced. Its peculiarity lies in considering realistic path-loss and blockage models, which are derived from experimental data recently reported in the literature. The path-loss model accounts for different distributions for line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight propagation conditions and the blockage model includes an outage state that provides a better representation of the outage possibilities of millimeter wave communications. By modeling the locations of the base stations as points of a Po…
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication technology offers a potential and promising solution to support 5G and B5G wireless networks in dynamic scenarios and applications. However, mobility introduces many challenges as well as opportunities to mmWave applications. To address these problems, we conduct a survey of the opportunities and technologies to support mmWave communications in mobile scenarios. Firstly, we summarize the mobile scenarios where mmWave communications are exploited, including indoor wireless local area network (WLAN) or wireless personal area network (WPAN), cellular access,…
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication opens up tens of giga-hertz (GHz) spectrum in the mmWave band for use by next-generation wireless systems, thereby solving the problem of spectrum scarcity. Maintaining connectivity stands out to be a key design challenge for mmWave networks deployed in urban regions due to the blockage effect characterizing mmWave propagation. Specifically, mmWave signals can be blocked by buildings and other large urban objects. In this paper, we set out to investigate the blockage effect on the connectivity of mmWave networks in a Manhattan-type urban region modeled us…
Augmented and virtual reality systems (AR/VR) are rapidly becoming key components of the wireless landscape. For immersive AR/VR experience, these devices should be able to construct accurate depth perception of the surrounding environment. Current AR/VR devices rely heavily on using RGB-D depth cameras to achieve this goal. The performance of these depth cameras, however, has clear limitations in several scenarios, such as the cases with shiny objects, dark surfaces, and abrupt color transition among other limitations. In this paper, we propose a novel solution for AR/VR depth map constructio…
Ultra-dense (UD) wireless networks and cloud radio access networks (CRAN) are two promising network architectures for the emerging fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems. By jointly employing them, a new appealing network solution is proposed in this paper, termed UD-CRAN. In a UD-CRAN, millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless fronthaul is preferred for information exchange between the central processor and the distributed remote radio heads (RRHs), due to its lower cost and higher flexibility in deployment, compared to fixed optical links. This motivates our study in this paper on the …
We provide a comprehensive overview of mathematical models and analytical techniques for millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular systems. The two fundamental physical differences from conventional Sub-6GHz cellular systems are (i) vulnerability to blocking, and (ii) the need for significant directionality at the transmitter and/or receiver, which is achieved through the use of large antenna arrays of small individual elements. We overview and compare models for both of these factors, and present a baseline analytical approach based on stochastic geometry that allows the computation of the statistica…
We present a beamforming algorithm for multiuser wideband millimeter wave (mmWave) communication systems where one access point uses hybrid analog/digital beamforming while multiple user stations have phased-arrays with a single RF chain. The algorithm operates in a more general mode than others available in literature and has lower computational complexity and training overhead. Throughout the paper, we describe: i) the construction of novel beamformer sets (codebooks) with wide sector beams and narrow beams based on the orthogonality property of beamformer vectors, ii) a beamforming algorith…
Millimeter wave (mmW) cellular systems will require high gain directional antennas and dense base station (BS) deployments to overcome high near field path loss and poor diffraction. As a desirable side effect, high gain antennas provide interference isolation, providing an opportunity to incorporate self-backhauling--BSs backhauling among themselves in a mesh architecture without significant loss in throughput--to enable the requisite large BS densities. The use of directional antennas and resource sharing between access and backhaul links leads to coverage and rate trends that differ signifi…
Millimeter wave wireless spectrum deployments will allow vehicular communications to share high data rate vehicular sensor data in real-time. The highly directional nature of wireless links in millimeter spectral bands will require continuous channel measurements to ensure the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) beams are aligned to provide the best channel. Using real-world vehicular mmWave measurement data at 28 GHz, we determine the optimal beam sweeping period, i.e. the frequency of the channel measurements, to align the RX beams to the best channel directions for maximizing the vehicle-to-…
MIMO systems in the lower part of the millimeter-wave spectrum band (i.e., below 28 GHz) do not exhibit enough directivity and selectively, as their counterparts in higher bands of the spectrum (i.e., above 60 GHz), and thus still suffer from the detrimental effect of interference, on the system sum-rate. As such systems exhibit large numbers of antennas and short coherence times for the channel, traditional methods of distributed coordination are ill-suited, and the resulting communication overhead would offset the gains of coordination. In this work, we propose algorithms for tackling the su…
Supporting high mobility in millimeter wave (mmWave) systems enables a wide range of important applications such as vehicular communications and wireless virtual/augmented reality. Realizing this in practice, though, requires overcoming several challenges. First, the use of narrow beams and the sensitivity of mmWave signals to blockage greatly impact the coverage and reliability of highly-mobile links. Second, highly-mobile users in dense mmWave deployments need to frequently hand-off between base stations (BSs), which is associated with critical control and latency overhead. Further, identify…
There has been a growing interest in the commercialization of millimeter wave (mmW) technology as a part of the Fifth-Generation New Radio (5G-NR) wireless standardization efforts. In this direction, many sets of independent measurement campaigns show that wireless propagation at mmW carrier frequencies is only marginally worse than propagation at sub-6 GHz carrier frequencies for small-cell coverage --- one of the most important use-cases for 5G-NR. On the other hand, the biggest determinants of viability of mmW systems in practice are penetration and blockage of mmW signals through different…
Millimeter wave (mmWave) and massive MIMO systems are intrinsic components of 5G and beyond. These systems rely on using beamforming codebooks for both initial access and data transmission. Current beam codebooks, however, generally consist of a large number of narrow beams that scan all possible directions, even if these directions are never used. This leads to very large training overhead. Further, these codebooks do not normally account for the hardware impairments or the possible non-uniform array geometries, and their calibration is an expensive process. To overcome these limitations, thi…
In this paper, a novel framework is proposed to optimize the downlink multi-user communication of a millimeter wave base station, which is assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent reflector (IR). In particular, a channel estimation approach is developed to measure the channel state information (CSI) in real-time. First, for a perfect CSI scenario, the precoding transmission of the BS and the reflection coefficient of the IR are jointly optimized, via an iterative approach, so as to maximize the sum of downlink rates towards multiple users. Next, in the imperfect CSI scenario, a distributional …
A K-tier heterogeneous downlink millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular network with user-centric small cell deployments is studied in this paper. In particular, we consider a heterogeneous network model with user equipments (UEs) being distributed according to a Poisson Cluster Process (PCP). Specifically, we address two cluster processes, namely (i) Thomas cluster process, where the UEs are clustered around the base stations (BSs) and the distances between UEs and the BS are modeled as Gaussian distributed, and (ii) Matern cluster process, where the UEs are scattered according to a uniform distrib…
Massive co-located devices require new paradigms to allow proper network connectivity. Internet of things (IoT) is the paradigm that offers a solution for the inter-connectivity of devices, but in dense IoT networks time synchronization is a critical aspect. Further, the scalability is another crucial aspect. This paper focuses on synchronization for uncoordinated dense networks without any external timing reference. Two synchronization methods are proposed and compared: i) conventional synchronization that copes with the high density of nodes by frame collision-avoidance methods (e.g., CSMA/C…
Millimeter wave spectrum access over the 70GHz and 80GHz is central to unlocking gigabit connectivity and meeting the explosive growth of mobile traffic. A pressing question, however, is whether fifth-generation (5G) systems can harmoniously coexist with the incumbents of these bands, which are primarily point-to-point fixed stations (FSs). To this end, we thoroughly analyze the impact of 5G coexistence on FSs. Specifically, we first analyze the geometry of existing FSs' deployment using actual databases of these stations. Then, we present a case study on the interference generated from users …
Competing cellular operators aggressively share infrastructure in many major US markets. If operators also were to share spectrum in next-generation millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks, intra-cellular interference will become correlated with inter-cellular interference. We propose a mathematical framework to model a multi-operator mmWave cellular network with co-located base-stations (BSs). We then characterize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) distribution for an arbitrary network and derive its coverage probability. To understand how varying the spatial correlation between dif…
Triggered by the explosion of mobile traffic, 5G (5th Generation) cellular network requires evolution to increase the system rate 1000 times higher than the current systems in 10 years. Motivated by this common problem, there are several studies to integrate mm-wave access into current cellular networks as multi-band heterogeneous networks to exploit the ultra-wideband aspect of the mm-wave band. The authors of this paper have proposed comprehensive architecture of cellular networks with mm-wave access, where mm-wave small cell basestations and a conventional macro basestation are connected to…
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands have been attracting growing attention as a possible candidate for next-generation cellular networks, since the available spectrum is orders of magnitude larger than in current cellular allocations. To precisely design mmWave systems, it is important to examine mmWave interference and SIR coverage under large-scale deployments. For this purpose, we apply an accurate mmWave channel model, derived from experiments, into an analytical framework based on stochastic geometry. In this way we obtain a closed-form SIR coverage probability in large-scale mmWave cellular n…
