Values of quaternionic modular forms are related to twisted central $L$-values via periods and a theorem of Waldspurger. In particular, certain twisted $L$-values must be non-vanishing for forms with no zeroes. Here we study, theoretically and computationally, zeroes of definite quaternionic modular forms of trivial weight. Local sign conditions force certain forms to have trivial zeroes, but we conjecture that almost all forms have no nontrivial zeroes. In particular, almost all forms with appropriate local signs should have no zeroes. We show these conjectures follow from a conjecture on the average number of Galois orbits, and give applications to (non)vanishing of $L$-values.
We prove under GRH that zeros of $L$-functions of modular forms of level $N$ and weight $k$ become uniformly distributed on the critical line when $N+k\to\infty.$
The theory of quaternionic modular forms has been studied for decades as an example of the modular forms of many variables. The purpose of this study is to provide some congruence relations satisfied by such quaternionic modular forms.
We prove many simultaneous congruences mod 2 for elliptic and Hilbert modular forms among forms with different Atkin--Lehner eigenvalues. The proofs involve the notion of quaternionic $S$-ideal classes and the distribution of Atkin--Lehner signs among newforms.
We define a motive whose realizations afford modular forms (of arbitrary weight) on an indefinite division quaternion algebra. This generalizes work of Iovita--Spiess to odd weights in the spirit of Jordan--Livné. It also generalizes a construction of Scholl to indefinite division quaternion algebras.
We use a combinatorial result relating the discriminant of the cycle pairing on a weighted finite graph to the eigenvalues of its Laplacian to deduce a formula for the orders of component groups of Jacobians of modular curves arising from quaternion algebras over $\mathbb{F}_q(T)$ or $\mathbb{Q}$. Our formula over $\mathbb{Q}$ recovers a result of Jordan and Livné.
We show that certain $p$-adic Eisenstein series for quaternionic modular groups of degree 2 become "real" modular forms of level $p$ in almost all cases. To prove this, we introduce a $U(p)$ type operator. We also show that there exists a $p$-adic Eisenstein series of the above type that has transcendental coefficients. Former examples of $p$-adic Eisenstein series for Siegel and Hermitian modular groups are both rational (i.e., algebraic).
For a totally real number field $F$ and a nonarchimedean prime $\mathfrak{p}$ of $F$ lying above a prime number $p$ we introduce certain sheaf cohomology groups that intertwine the $\mathfrak{p}^{\infty}$-tower of a quaternionic Hilbert modular variety associated to a quaternion algebra $D$ over $F$ that is split at $\mathfrak{p}$ and a $p$-adically admissible representation of $\mbox{PGL}_2(F_{\mathfrak{p}})$. Applied to infinitesimal $p$-adic deformations of the local factor at $\mathfrak{p}$ of a cuspidal automorphic representation $π$ of $D^*(\mathbb{A})$ this yields a natural construction…
Extending the method of the paper [FS3] we prove three structure theorems for vector valued modular forms, where two correspond to 4-dimensional cases (two hermitian modular groups, one belonging to the field of Eisenstein numbers, the other to the field of Gaussian numbers.) and one to a 6-dimensional case (a quaternionic modular group).
We describe a method to determine all the isomorphism classes of principal polarizations of the modular abelian surfaces $A_f$ with quaternionic multiplication attached to a normalized newform $f$ without complex multiplication. We include an example of $A_f$ with quaternionic multiplication for which we find numerically a curve $C$ whose Jacobian is $A_f$ up to numerical approximation, and we prove that it has quaternionic multiplication and is isogenous to $A_f$.
We extend a result of Greenberg and Stevens on the interpolation of modular symbols in Hida families to the context of non-split rational quaternion algebras. Both the definite case and the indefinite case are considered.
We construct p-adic L-functions associated to cuspidal Hilbert modular eigenforms of parallel weight two in certain dihedral or anticyclotomic extensions via the Jacquet-Langlands correspondence, generalizing works of Bertolini-Darmon, Vatsal and others. The construction given here is adelic, which allows us to deduce a precise interpolation formula from a Waldspurger type formula, as well as a formula for the dihedral mu-invariant. We also make a note of Howard's nonvanishing criterion for these p-adic L-functions, which can be used to reduce the associated Iwasawa main conjecture to a certai…
Suppose that $G$ is a simple reductive group over $\mathbf{Q}$, with an exceptional Dynkin type, and with $G(\mathbf{R})$ quaternionic (in the sense of Gross-Wallach). In a previous paper, we gave an explicit form of the Fourier expansion of modular forms on $G$ along the unipotent radical of the Heisenberg parabolic. In this paper, we give the Fourier expansion of the minimal modular form $θ_{Gan}$ on quaternionic $E_8$, and some applications. The $Sym^{8}(V_2)$-valued automorphic function $θ_{Gan}$ is a weight four, level one modular form on $E_8$, which has been studied by Gan. The applicat…
Suppose that $G$ is a simple adjoint reductive group over $\mathbf{Q}$, with an exceptional Dynkin type, and with $G(\mathbf{R})$ quaternionic (in the sense of Gross-Wallach). Then there is a notion of modular forms for $G$, anchored on the so-called quaternionic discrete series representations of $G(\mathbf{R})$. The purpose of this paper is to give an explicit form of the Fourier expansion of modular forms on $G$, along the unipotent radical $N$ of the Heisenberg parabolic $P = MN$ of $G$.
We consider a special theta lift $θ(f)$ from cuspidal Siegel modular forms $f$ on $\mathrm{Sp}_4$ to "modular forms" $θ(f)$ on $\mathrm{SO}(4,4)$. This lift can be considered an analogue of the Saito-Kurokawa lift, where now the image of the lift is representations of $\mathrm{SO}(4,4)$ that are quaternionic at infinity. We relate the Fourier coefficients of $θ(f)$ to those of $f$, and in particular prove that $θ(f)$ is nonzero and has algebraic Fourier coefficients if $f$ does. Restricting the $θ(f)$ to $G_2 \subseteq \mathrm{SO}(4,4)$, we obtain cuspidal modular forms on $G_2$ of arbitrarily…
The quaternionic Maass Spezialschar on split $\mathrm{SO}(8)$
University of Idaho（爱达荷大学）；The University of Oklahoma（俄克拉荷马大学）；University of Toronto（多伦多大学）；The University of California, San Diego（加州大学圣地亚哥分校）；Lafayette College（拉斐特学院）
Let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field. Modular forms for GL(2) over $K$ are known as Bianchi modular forms. Standard modularity conjectures assert that every weight 2 rational Bianchi newform has either an associated elliptic curve over $K$ or an associated abelian surface with quaternionic multiplication over $K$. We give explicit evidence in the way of examples to support this conjecture in the latter case. Furthermore, the quaternionic surfaces given correspond to genuine Bianchi newforms, which answers a question posed by J. Cremona as to whether this phenomenon can happen.
In this work we construct an eigencurve for p-adic modular forms attached to an indefinite quaternion algebra over Q. Our theory includes the definition, both as rules on test objects and sections of line bundle, of p-adic modular forms, convergent and overconvergent, of any p-adic weight. We prove that our modular forms can be put in analytic families over the weight space and we introduce the Hecke operators U and T_l, that can also be put in families. We show that the U-operator acts compactly on the space of overconvergent modular forms. We finally construct the eigencurve, a rigid analyti…
Let $\mathcal Q_D$ be the set of moduli points on Siegel's modular threefold whose corresponding principally polarized abelian surfaces have quaternionic multiplication by a maximal order $\mathcal O$ in an indefinite quaternion algebra of discriminant $D$ over $\mathbb Q$ such that the Rosati involution coincides with a positive involution of the form $α\mapstoμ^{-1}\overlineαμ$ on $\mathcal O$ for some $μ\in\mathcal O$ with $μ^2+D=0$. In this paper, we first give a formula for the number of irreducible components in $\mathcal Q_D$, strengthening an earlier result of Rotger. Then for each irr…
In this paper, we extend previous results to prove that generalized modular forms with rational Fourier expansions whose divisors are supported only at the cusps and certain other points in the upper half plane are actually classical modular forms. We discuss possible limitations to this extension and pose questions about possible zeroes for modular forms of prime level.
We study the motivic cohomology of the special fiber of quaternionic Shimura varieties at a prime of good reduction. We exhibit classes in these motivic cohomology groups and use this to give an explicit geometric realization of level raising between Hilbert modular forms. The main ingredient for our construction is a form of Ihara's Lemma for compact quaternionic Shimura surfaces which we prove by generalizing a method of Diamond-Taylor. Along the way we also verify the Hecke orbit conjecture for these quaternionic Shimura varieties which is a key input for our proof of Ihara's Lemma.
Given a quaternionic form G of a p-adic classical group (p odd) we classify all cuspidal irreducible representations of G with coefficients in an algebraically closed field of characteristic different from p. We prove two theorems: At first: Every irreducible cuspidal representation of G is induced from a cuspidal type, i.e. from a certain irreducible representation of a compact open subgroup of G, constructed from a beta-extension and a cuspidal representation of a finite group. Secondly we show that two intertwining cuspidal types of G are up to equivalence conjugate under some element of G.
In a series of papers, published in Mathematische Annalen, Bianchi and Blumenthal introduced the notions of Bianchi orbifolds and Hilbert-Blumnethal surfaces as generalizations of modular curves associated to quadratic fields. In this paper, in the same spirit, and following a similar line of reasoning, we introduce the concept of Bianchi and Hilbert-Blumenthal quaternionic orbifolds as generalizations of the Lipschitz and Hurwitz quaternionic modular orbifolds defined recently by Díaz, Vlacci and the first author. In particular, we describe the cusp cross-sections of the Hilbert-Blumenthal qu…
We prove the exceptional zero conjecture for the symmetric powers of CM cuspidal eigenforms at ordinary primes. In other words, we determine the trivial zeroes of the associated p-adic L-functions, compute the L-invariants, and show that they agree with Greenberg's L-invariants.
We reinterpret the explicit construction of Gross points given by Chida-Hsieh as a non-Archimedian analogue of the standard geodesic cycle from zero to the infinity on the Poincare upper half plane. This analogy allows us to consider certain distributions, which can be regarded as anticyclotomic p-adic L-functions for modular forms of non-critical slope following the overconvergent strategy a la Stevens. We also give a geometric interpretation of their Gross points for the case of weight two forms. Our construction generalizes those of Bertolini-Darmon, Bertolini-Darmon-Iovita-Spiess, and Chid…
Continuing the work of \cite{7} and \cite{8}, we derive an analogue of the classical "$k/12$-formula" for Drinfeld modular forms of rank $r \geq 2$. Here the vanishing order $ν_ω(f)$ of one modular form at some point $ω$ of the complex upper half-plane is replaced by the intersection multiplicity $ν_{\bo}(f_1,\ldots,f_{r-1})$ of $r-1$ independent Drinfeld modular forms at some point $\bo$ of the Drinfeld symmetric space $\OM^r$. We apply the formula to determine the common zeroes of $r-1$ consecutive Eisenstein series $E_{q^{i}-1}$, where $n-r<i<n$ for some $n \geq r$.
We develop a theory of modular forms on the groups $\mathrm{SO}(3,n+1)$, $n \geq 3$. This is very similar to, but simpler, than the notion of modular forms on quaternionic exceptional groups, which was initiated by Gross-Wallach and Gan-Gross-Savin. We prove the results analogous to those of earlier papers of the author on modular forms on exceptional groups, except now in the familiar setting of classical groups. Moreover, in the setting of $\mathrm{SO}(3,n+1)$, there is a family of absolutely convergent Eisenstein series, which are modular forms. We prove that these Eisenstein series have al…
This paper completes the proof of the Ramanujan Conjecture for holomorphic Hilbert modular forms whose weights are all congruent modulo 2. As a consequence, the Weight-Monodromy Conjecture and the zeta function conjecture of Langlands are verified for all Quaternionic Shimura varieties.
We study arithmetic intersections on twisted (quaternionic) Hilbert modular surfaces and Shimura curves over a real quadratic field. Our first main result is the determination of the degree of the top arithmetic Todd class of an arithmetic twisted Hilbert modular surface. This quantity is then related to the arithmetic volume of a Shimura curve, via the arithmetic Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch theorem and the Jacquet-Langlands correspondence.
In a letter to Tate, Serre proves that the systems of Hecke eigenvalues given by modular forms (mod p) are the same as the ones given by locally constant functions on an adelic double coset space constructed from the endomorphism algebra of a supersingular elliptic curve. We generalize this result to Siegel modular forms (mod p), proving that the systems of Hecke eigenvalues obtained from them are the same as the ones given by algebraic modular forms (mod p) on a quaternionic unitary group, as defined by Gross. The correspondence is obtained by restricting to the superspecial locus of the modu…
We define a notion of modular forms of half-integral weight on the quaternionic exceptional groups. We prove that they have a well-behaved notion of Fourier coefficients, which are complex numbers defined up to multiplication by $\pm 1$. We analyze the minimal modular form $Θ_{F_4}$ on the double cover of $F_4$, following Loke--Savin and Ginzburg. Using $Θ_{F_4}$, we define a modular form of weight $\frac{1}{2}$ on (the double cover of) $G_2$. We prove that the Fourier coefficients of this modular form on $G_2$ see the $2$-torsion in the narrow class groups of totally real cubic fields.
We fix $\ell$ a prime and let $M$ be an integer such that $\ell\not|M$; let $f\in S_2(Γ_1(M\ell^2))$ be a newform supercuspidal of fixed type related to the nebentypus, at $\ell$ and special at a finite set of primes. Let $\TT^ψ$ be the local quaternionic Hecke algebra associated to $f$. The algebra $\TT^ψ$ acts on a module $\mathcal M^ψ_f$ coming from the cohomology of a Shimura curve. Applying the Taylor-Wiles criterion and a recent Savitt's theorem, $\TT^ψ$ is the universal deformation ring of a global Galois deformation problem associated to $\orho_f$. Moreover $\mathcal M^ψ_f$ is free of …
In a letter to Tate (published in Israel J. Math. in 1996), J.-P. Serre proves that the systems of Hecke eigenvalues given by modular forms (mod p) are the same as the ones given by locally constant functions on an adelic double coset space constructed from the endomorphism algebra of a supersingular elliptic curve. We generalize this result to Siegel modular forms, proving that the systems of Hecke eigenvalues given by Siegel modular forms (mod p) are the same as the ones given by algebraic modular forms (mod p) on a quaternionic unitary group, as defined by Gross in Israel J. Math. in 1999. …
We explicitly describe the Jacquet-Langlands correspondence at the level of modular forms. This gives a simpler and more flexible solution to Eichler's basis problem for general level than earlier work of Hijikata-Pizer-Shemanske for elliptic modular forms, and solves the basis problem for Hilbert modular forms. The approach is representation theoretic rather than the classical approach of Eichler and Hijikata-Pizer-Shemanske, and involves both a local and global theory of quaternionic newforms.
In this paper, we study modular forms on two simply connected groups of type $D_4$ over ${\mathbb Q}$. One group, $G_s$ is a globally split group of type $D_4$, viewed as the group of isotopies of the split rational octonions. The other, $G_c$, is the isotopy group of the rational (non-split) octonions. We study automorphic forms on $G_s$, in analogy to the work of Gross, Gan, and Savin on $G_2$; namely we study automorphic forms whose component at infinity corresponds to a quaternionic discrete series representation. We study automorphic forms on $G_c$ using Gross's formalism of ``algebraic m…
We show that the completed Hecke algebra of $p$-adic modular forms is isomorphic to the completed Hecke algebra of continuous $p$-adic automorphic forms for the units of the quaternion algebra ramified at $p$ and $\infty$. This gives an affirmative answer to a question posed by Serre in a 1987 letter to Tate. The proof is geometric, and lifts a mod $p$ argument due to Serre: we evaluate modular forms by identifying a quaternionic double-coset with a fiber of the Hodge-Tate period map, and extend functions off of the double-coset using fake Hasse invariants. In particular, this gives a new proo…
Beyond the crucial role they play in the foundations of the theory of overconvergent modular forms, canonical subgroups have found new applications to analytic continuation of overconvergent modular forms. For such applications, it is essential to understand various ``numerical'' aspects of the canonical subgroup, and in particular, the precise extent of its overconvergence. We develop a theory of canonical subgroups for a general class of curves (including the unitary and quaternionic Shimura curves), using formal and rigid geometry. In our approach, we use the common geometric features of th…
