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arXiv 1911.04490hep-thgr-qc
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软标量的物质耦合与等价原理

Matter Couplings and Equivalence Principles for Soft Scalars

James Bonifacio, Kurt Hinterbichler, Laura A. Johnson, Austin Joyce, Rachel A. Rosen

摘要:

具有增强软极限的标量有效场论在许多方面表现得像规范理论和引力。特别是,对称性固定了两种理论中相互作用的结构和树级S矩阵。我们探讨这种类比如何坚持在物质的存在下,考虑理论与额外的领域耦合的Dirac-Born-Infeld(DBI)标量或特殊的伽利略的方式是一致的,与他们的对称性。使用纯粹的壳参数,我们表明,这些理论服从类似物的S-矩阵等价原理,即所有的物质场必须耦合到DBI标量或特殊的伽利略通过一个特定的四次顶点与一个普遍的耦合。这些等价原理暗示了这些理论中的双软定理的普遍性,它们是温伯格引力软定理的标量类似物,当与广义温伯格-威滕定理的类似物结合时,可以用来排除与无质量高自旋场的相互作用。我们验证了在几个例子中,振幅与外部物质场nontrivially表现出增强的单一软限制,我们表明,这样的振幅可以使用软递归关系时,他们有足够多的外部DBI或特殊的伽利略腿,包括振幅与大规模的高自旋场。作为我们分析的一部分,我们构造了一个最近被证明的特殊伽利略矢量有效场论。

英文摘要:

Scalar effective field theories with enhanced soft limits behave in many ways like gauge theories and gravity. In particular, symmetries fix the structure of interactions and the tree-level S-matrix in both types of theories. We explore how this analogy persists in the presence of matter by considering theories with additional fields coupled to the Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) scalar or the special galileon in a way that is consistent with their symmetries. Using purely on-shell arguments, we show that these theories obey analogues of the S-matrix equivalence principle whereby all matter fields must couple to the DBI scalar or the special galileon through a particular quartic vertex with a universal coupling. These equivalence principles imply the universality of the leading double soft theorems in these theories, which are scalar analogues of Weinberg's gravitational soft theorem, and can be used to rule out interactions with massless higher-spin fields when combined with analogues of the generalized Weinberg-Witten theorem. We verify in several examples that amplitudes with external matter fields nontrivially exhibit enhanced single soft limits and we show that such amplitudes can be constructed using soft recursion relations when they have sufficiently many external DBI or special galileon legs, including amplitudes with massive higher-spin fields. As part of our analysis we construct a recently conjectured special galileon-vector effective field theory.

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