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arXiv 1908.11065astro-ph.EP
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行星在原行星盘中诱导的密度和速度间隙的性质

Properties of Density and Velocity Gaps Induced by a Planet in a Protoplanetary Disk

Han Gyeol Yun, Woong-Tae Kim, Jaehan Bae, Cheongho Han

摘要:

原行星盘与嵌入其中的行星之间的引力相互作用是最近ALMA观测中发现的间隙和环的形成机制之一。为了量化的差距不仅测量表面密度,但也旋转速度剖面的属性,我们运行二维流体动力学模拟的原行星盘通过改变三个参数:质量比$q$的一颗行星的中心恒星,盘尺度高度$h_p$的行星的轨道半径$r_p$的比例,和粘度参数$α$。我们发现气体表面密度中的间隙深度$δ_Σ$取决于单个无量纲参数$K\equiv q^2(h_p/r_p)^{-5}α^{-1}$为$δ_Σ= (1 + 0.046K)^{-1}$,与Kanagawa等人(2015 a)的先前结果一致。旋转速度中的间隙深度$δ_V$由$δ_V= 0.007 (h_p/r_p) K^{1.38}/(1 +0.06K^{1.03})$给出。当行星质量$M_p$围绕着盘的热质量$M_{\text{th}}$时,在表面密度和旋转速度两个方面的间隙宽度都有一个最小值,大约为$4.7 h_p$,而当$M_p/M_{\text{th}}$从1增加或减少时,间隙宽度以幂律方式增加。间隙宽度的最小值之所以出现,是因为来自亚热行星的螺旋必须在冲击盘气体并打开间隙之前传播。我们比较我们的关系的间隙的深度和宽度与以前的结果,并讨论其适用性的意见。

英文摘要:

Gravitational interactions between a protoplanetary disk and its embedded planet is one of the formation mechanisms of gaps and rings found in recent ALMA observations. To quantify the gap properties measured in not only surface density but also rotational velocity profiles, we run two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of protoplanetary disks by varying three parameters: the mass ratio $q$ of a planet to a central star, the ratio of the disk scale height $h_p$ to the orbital radius $r_p$ of the planet, and the viscosity parameter $α$. We find the gap depth $δ_Σ$ in the gas surface density depends on a single dimensionless parameter $K\equiv q^2(h_p/r_p)^{-5}α^{-1}$ as $δ_Σ= (1 + 0.046K)^{-1}$, consistent with the previous results of Kanagawa et al. (2015a). The gap depth $δ_V$ in the rotational velocity is given by $δ_V= 0.007 (h_p/r_p) K^{1.38}/(1 +0.06K^{1.03})$. The gap width, in both surface density and rotational velocity, has a minimum of about $4.7 h_p$ when the planet mass $M_p$ is around the disk thermal mass $M_{\text{th}}$, while it increases in a power-law fashion as $M_p/M_{\text{th}}$ increases or decrease from unity. Such a minimum in the gap width arises because spirals from sub-thermal planets have to propagate before they shock the disk gas and open a gap. We compare our relations for the gap depth and width with the previous results, and discuss their applicability to observations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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