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arXiv 1908.10306hep-th
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极值关联函数与随机矩阵理论

Extremal Correlators and Random Matrix Theory

Alba Grassi, Zohar Komargodski, Luigi Tizzano

摘要:

本文研究了四维$\mathcal{N} = 2$超共形场论的库仑分支算符的关联函数。我们专注于秩一理论,如SU(2)规范理论与四个基本超多重态。在四维量子场论中,包含一个反手征算符的“极值”关联函数可能是最简单的非平凡关联函数。我们发现,大电荷极限的关联函数被捕获的“对偶”描述,这是一个手性随机矩阵模型的Wishart-Laguerre型。这给出了对某些特定激发态物理的解析处理。在大随机矩阵的极限中,我们发现了非相对论性轴子的物理有效理论。随机矩阵模型还允许t Hooft展开,其中矩阵取大,同时耦合取零。这就解释了SU(2)规范理论的极值关联函数在大电荷态下服从非平凡的双标度极限的原因。我们给出了随机矩阵模型的t Hooft展开式中前两阶的精确解,并与有效场论的预期结果和以前的弱耦合结果进行了比较,分析了强t Hooft耦合极限中的非微扰项.最后,我们应用随机矩阵理论的方法研究了秩为1的Argyres-Douglas理论中的极值关联函数。我们比较我们的结果与有效场论和一些可用的数值自举边界。

英文摘要:

We study the correlation functions of Coulomb branch operators of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N} = 2$ Superconformal Field Theories (SCFTs). We focus on rank-one theories, such as the SU(2) gauge theory with four fundamental hypermultiplets. "Extremal" correlation functions, involving exactly one anti-chiral operator, are perhaps the simplest nontrivial correlation functions in four-dimensional Quantum Field Theory. We show that the large charge limit of extremal correlators is captured by a "dual" description which is a chiral random matrix model of the Wishart-Laguerre type. This gives an analytic handle on the physics in some particular excited states. In the limit of large random matrices we find the physics of a non-relativistic axion-dilaton effective theory. The random matrix model also admits a 't Hooft expansion in which the matrix is taken to be large and simultaneously the coupling is taken to zero. This explains why the extremal correlators of SU(2) gauge theory obey a nontrivial double scaling limit in states of large charge. We give an exact solution for the first two orders in the 't Hooft expansion of the random matrix model and compare with expectations from effective field theory, previous weak coupling results, and we analyze the non-perturbative terms in the strong 't Hooft coupling limit. Finally, we apply the random matrix theory techniques to study extremal correlators in rank-1 Argyres-Douglas theories. We compare our results with effective field theory and with some available numerical bootstrap bounds.

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