We are concerned with relating derived categories of all modules of two dual Koszul algebras defined by a locally bounded quiver. We first generalize the well known Acyclic Assembly Lemma and formalize an old method of extending a functor from an additive category into a complex category to its complex category. Applying this to the Koszul functor associated with a Koszul algebra defined by a gradable quiver, we obtain a Koszul complex functor, that descends to an equivalence of a continuous family of pairs of triangulated subcategories of doubly unbounded complexes of the respective derived categories of all modules of the Koszul algebra and its Koszul dual. Under this special setting, this extends Beilinson, Ginzburg and Soegel's Koszul duality. In case the Koszul algebra is right or left locally bounded and its Koszul dual is left or right locally bounded respectively (for instance, the quiver has no right infinite path or no left infinite path), our Koszul duality restricts to an equivalence of the bounded derived categories of finitely supported modules, and an equivalence of the bounded derived categories of finite dimensional modules.
We introduce Koszul modules associated with (graded) Kac-Moody Lie algebras. We provide a precise criterion for when these modules are of finite length. As an exemplary application we deduce a bound on the dimension of the second graded component for a certain class of graded Kac-Moody Lie algebras. We also provide an exact description of all nilpotent Kac-Moody Koszul modules.
We review Koszul duality in representation theory of category $ \cal O $, especially we give a new presentation of the Koszul duality functor. Combining this with work of Backelin, we show that the translation and Zuckerman functors are Koszul dual to each other, thus verifying a conjecture of Bernstein, Frenkel and Khovanov. Finally we use Koszul duality to give a short proof of the Enright-Shelton equivalence.
We propose a new definition of Koszulity for graded algebras where the degree zero part has finite global dimension, but is not necessarily semi-simple. The standard Koszul duality theorems hold in this setting. We give an application to algebras arising from multiplicity free blocks of the BGG category $\mathcal O$.
In this paper we prove that the linear Koszul duality equivalence constructed in a previous paper provides a geometric realization of the Iwahori-Matsumoto involution of affine Hecke algebras.
Given an elementary simple-minded collection in the derived category of a non-positive dg algebra with finite-dimensional total cohomology, we construct a silting object via Koszul duality.
Let $X$ be a partial flag variety, stratified by orbits of the Borel. We give a criterion for the category of modular perverse sheaves to be equivalent to modules over a Koszul ring. This implies that modular category $\mathcal O$ is governed by a Koszul-algebra in small examples.
We give a proof of the parabolic/singular Koszul duality for the category O of affine Kac-Moody algebras. The main new tool is a relation between moment graphs and finite codimensional affine Schubert varieties. We apply this duality to q-Schur algebras and to cyclotomic rational double affine Hecke algebras.
We obtain Koszul-type dualities for categories of graded modules over a graded associative algebra which can be realized as the semidirect product of a bialgebra coinciding with its degree zero part and a graded module algebra for the latter. In particular, this applies to graded representations of the universal enveloping algebra of the Takiff Lie algebra (or the truncated current algebra) and its (super)analogues, and also to semidirect products of quantum groups with braided symmetric and exterior module algebras in case the latter are flat deformations of classical ones.
We generalize the modular Koszul duality of Achar-Riche to the setting of Soergel bimodules associated to any finite Coxeter system. The key new tools are a functorial monodromy action and wall-crossing functors in the mixed modular derived category. In characteristic 0, this duality together with Soergel's conjecture (proved by Elias-Williamson) imply that our Soergel-theoretic graded category $\mathcal{O}$ is Koszul self-dual, generalizing the result of Beilinson-Ginzburg-Soergel.
We present an easily applicable sufficient condition for standard Koszul algebras to be Koszul with respect to $Δ$. If a quasi-hereditary algebra $Ł$ is Koszul with respect to $Δ$, then $Ł$ and the Yoneda extension algebra of $Δ$ are Koszul dual in a sense explained below, implying in particular that their bounded derived categories of finitely generated graded modules are equivalent. We also prove that the extension algebra of $Δ$ is Koszul in the classical sense.
Koszul algebras have arisen in many contexts; algebraic geometry, combinatorics, Lie algebras, non-commutative geometry and topology. The aim of this paper and several sequel papers is to show that for any finite dimensional algebra there is always a naturally associated Koszul theory. To obtain this, the notions of Koszul algebras, linear modules and Koszul duality are extended to additive (graded) categories over a field. The main focus of this paper is to provide these generalizations and the necessary preliminaries.
We attempt to give a gentle (though ahistorical) introduction to Koszul duality phenomena for the Hecke category, focusing on the form of this duality studied in joint work of Achar, Riche, Williamson, and the author. We illustrate some key phenomena and constructions for the simplest nontrivial case of (finite) $\mathrm{SL}_2$ using Soergel bimodules, a concrete algebraic model of the Hecke category.
We study the so-called weakly Koszul modules and characterise their Koszul duals. We show that the (adjusted) associated graded module of a weakly Koszul module exactly determines the homology modules of the Koszul dual. We give an example of a quasi-Koszul module which is not weakly Koszul.
We establish a character formula for indecomposable tilting modules for connected reductive groups in characteristic p in terms of p-Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials, for p>h the Coxeter number. Using results of Andersen, one may deduce a character formula for simple modules if p>2h-3. Our results are a consequence of an extension to modular coefficients of a monoidal Koszul duality equivalence established by Bezrukavnikov and Yun.
We give a complete picture of the interaction between Koszul and Ringel dualities for quasi-hereditary algebras admitting linear tilting (co)resolutions of standard and costandard modules. We show that such algebras are Koszul, that the class of these algebras is closed with respect to both dualities and that on this class these two dualities commute. All arguments reduce to short computations in the bounded derived category of graded modules.
In this paper we construct, for F_1 and F_2 subbundles of a vector bundle E, a "Koszul duality" equivalence between derived categories of G_m-equivariant coherent (dg-)sheaves on the derived intersection of F_1 and F_2 inside E, and the corresponding derived intersection of the orthogonals of F_1 and F_2 inside the dual vector bundle E^*. We also propose applications to Hecke algebras.
In this paper we prove that the linear Koszul duality isomorphism for convolution algebras in K-homology defined in a previous paper and the Fourier transform isomorphism for convolution algebras in Borel-Moore homology are related by the Chern character. So, Koszul duality appears as a categorical upgrade of Fourier transform of constructible sheaves. This result explains the connection between the categorification of the Iwahori-Matsumoto involution for graded affine Hecke algebras (due to Evens and the first author) and for usual affine Hecke algebras (obtained in a previous paper).
The Hecke category participates in an equivalence called monoidal Koszul duality, which exchanges it with the category of (Langlands-dual) "free-monodromic tilting sheaves." Motivated by a recent conjecture of Gorsky and the first-named author on HOMFLYPT link homology, we propose to enhance this duality with an additional grading. We provide evidence for this enhancement in the case of $\mathrm{GL}_2$, working in the language of the second-named author's joint work with Achar, Riche, and Williamson.
Let g be the Lie algebra of a connected, simply connected semisimple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of sufficiently large positive characteristic. We study the compatibility between the Koszul grading on the restricted enveloping algebra (Ug)_0 of g constructed in a previous paper, and the structure of Frobenius algebra of (Ug)_0. This answers a question raised to the author by W. Soergel.
We prove an analogue of Koszul duality for category $\mathcal{O}$ of a reductive group $G$ in positive characteristic $\ell$ larger than 1 plus the number of roots of $G$. However there are no Koszul rings, and we do not prove an analogue of the Kazhdan--Lusztig conjectures in this context. The main technical result is the formality of the dg-algebra of extensions of parity sheaves on the flag variety if the characteristic of the coefficients is at least the number of roots of $G$ plus 2.
We give a complete picture of the interaction between Koszul and Ringel dualities for graded standardly stratified algebras (in the sense of Cline, Parshall and Scott) admitting linear tilting (co)resolutions of standard and proper costandard modules. We single out a certain class of graded standardly stratified algebras imposing the condition that standard filtrations of projective modules are finite, and develop the tilting theory for such algebras. Under the assumption of existence of linear tilting (co)resolutions we show that algebras from this class are Koszul, that both Ringel and Koszu…
In this paper we prove that if G is a connected, simply-connected, semi-simple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of sufficiently large characteristic, then all the blocks of the restricted enveloping algebra (Ug)_0 of the Lie algebra g of G can be endowed with a Koszul grading (extending results of Andersen, Jantzen and Soergel). We also give information about the Koszul dual rings. Our main tool is the localization theory in positive characteristic developed by Bezrukavnikov, Mirkovic and Rumynin.
Let $A = \bigoplus_{i \geqslant 0} A_i$ be a graded locally finite $k$-algebra such that $A_0$ is an arbitrary finite-dimensional algebra satisfying a certain splitting condition. In this paper we develop a generalized Koszul theory preserving many classical results. Moreover, we define a quotient graded algebra $\bar{A} = \bigoplus_{i \geqslant 0} \bar{A}_i$ and show that $A$ is a generalized Koszul algebra if and only if $\bar{A}$ is a classical Koszul algebra and a projective $A_0$-module. We also describe an application of this theory to the extension algebras of standard modules of standa…
We introduce the alternating Schur algebra $AS_F(n,d)$ as the commutant of the action of the alternating group $A_d$ on the $d$-fold tensor power of an $n$-dimensional $F$-vector space. When $F$ has characteristic different from $2$, we give a basis of $AS_F(n,d)$ in terms of bipartite graphs, and a graphical interpretation of the structure constants. We introduce the abstract Koszul duality functor on modules for the even part of any $\mathbf Z/2\mathbf Z$-graded algebra. The algebra $AS_F(n,d)$ is $\mathbf Z/2\mathbf Z$-graded, having the classical Schur algebra $S_F(n,d)$ as its even part. …
Building on the theory of parity sheaves due to Juteau-Mautner-Williamson, we develop a formalism of "mixed modular perverse sheaves" for varieties equipped with a stratification by affine spaces. We then give two applications: (1) a "Koszul-type" derived equivalence relating a given flag variety to the Langlands dual flag variety, and (2) a formality theorem for the modular derived category of a flag variety (extending a previous result of Riche-Soergel-Williamson).
We show that if $Λ$ is a $n$-Koszul algebra and $E=E(Λ)$ is its Yoneda algebra, then there is a full subcategory $\mathcal{L}_E$ of the category $Gr_E$ of graded $E$-modules, which contains all the graded $E$-modules presented in even degrees, that embeds fully faithfully into the category $C(Gr_Λ)$ of cochain complexes of graded $Λ$-modules. That extends the known equivalence, for $Λ$ Koszul (i.e. for $n=2$), between $Gr_E$ and the category of linear complexes of graded $Λ$-modules
We introduce a cup-cap duality in the Koszul calculus of N-homogeneous algebras. As an application, we prove that the graded symmetry of the Koszul cap product is a consequence of the graded commutativity of the Koszul cup product. We propose a conceptual approach that may lead to a proof of the graded commutativity, based on derived categories in the framework of DG algebras and DG bimodules. Various enriched structures are developed in a weaker situation corresponding to N>2.
We use linear Koszul duality, a geometric version of the standard duality between modules over symmetric and exterior algebras studied in previous papers of the authors to give a geometric realization of the Iwahori-Matsumoto involution of affine Hecke algebras. More generally we prove that linear Koszul duality is compatible with convolution in a general context related to convolution algebras.
In this paper we continue the study (initiated in a previous article) of linear Koszul duality, a geometric version of the standard duality between modules over symmetric and exterior algebras. We construct this duality in a very general setting, and prove its compatibility with morphisms of vector bundles and base change.
The paper studies quadratic and Koszul duality for modules over positively graded categories. Typical examples are modules over a path algebra, which is graded by the path length, of a not necessarily finite quiver with relations. We present a very general definition of quadratic and Koszul duality functors backed up by explicit examples. This generalises previous results in two substantial ways: We work in the setup of graded categories, i.e. we allow infinitely many idempotents and also define a ``Koszul'' duality functor for not necessarily Koszul categories. As an illustration of the techn…
The Broadhurst-Kreimer (BK) conjecture describes the Hilbert series of a bigraded Lie algebra A related to the multizeta values. Brown proposed a conjectural description of the homology of this Lie algebra (homological conjecture (HC)), and showed it implies the BK conjecture. We show that a part of HC is equivalent to a presentation of A, and that the remaining part of HC is equivalent to a weaker statement. Finally, we prove that granted the first part of HC, the remaining part of HC is equivalent to either of the following equivalent statements: (a) the vanishing of the third homology group…
Given a quasi-hereditary algebra $B$, we present conditions which guarantee that the algebra $\gr B$ obtained by grading $B$ by its radical filtration is Koszul and at the same time inherits the quasi-hereditary property and other good Lie-theoretic properties that $B$ might possess. The method involves working with a pair $(A,{\mathfrak a})$ consisting of a quasi-hereditary algebra $A$ and a (positively) graded subalgebra $\mathfrak a$. The algebra $B$ arises as a quotient $B=A/J$ of $A$ by a defining ideal $J$ of $A$. Along the way, we also show that the standard (Weyl) modules for $B$ have …
We prove that on a certain class of smooth complex varieties (those with "affine even stratifications"), the category of mixed Hodge modules is "almost" Koszul: it becomes Koszul after a few unwanted extensions are eliminated. We also give an equivalence between perverse sheaves on such a variety and modules for a certain graded ring, obtaining a formality result as a corollary. For flag varieties, these results were proved earlier by Beilinson-Ginzburg-Soergel using a rather different construction.
We construct an ungraded version of Beilinson-Ginzburg-Soergel's Koszul duality for Langlands dual flag varieties, inspired by Beilinson's construction of rational motivic cohomology in terms of $K$-theory. For this, we introduce and study categories $\operatorname{DK}_{\mathcal{S}}(X)$ of $\mathcal{S}$-constructible $K$-motivic sheaves on varieties $X$ with an affine stratification $\mathcal{S}$. We show that there is a natural and geometric functor, called Beilinson realisation, from $\mathcal{S}$-constructible mixed sheaves $\operatorname{D}^{mix}_{\mathcal{S}}(X)$ to $\operatorname{DK}_{\m…
A fundamental result of Beilinson-Ginzburg-Soergel states that on flag varieties and related spaces, a certain modified version of the category of l-adic perverse sheaves exhibits a phenomenon known as Koszul duality. The modification essentially consists of discarding objects whose stalks carry a nonsemisimple action of Frobenius. In this paper, we prove that a number of common sheaf functors (various pull-backs and push-forwards) induce corresponding functors on the modified category or its triangulated analogue. In particular, we show that these functors preserve semisimplicity of the Frobe…
We define and investigate a class of Koszul quasi-hereditary algebras for which there is a natural equivalence between the bounded derived category of graded modules and the bounded derived category of graded modules over (a proper version of) the extension algebra of standard modules. Examples of such algebras include, in particular, the multiplicity free blocks of the BGG category $\mathcal{O}$, and some quasi-hereditary algebras with Cartan decomposition in the sense of K{ö}nig.
This is a report on recent work of Chalupnik and Touze. We explain the Koszul duality for the category of strict polynomial functors and make explicit the underlying monoidal structure which seems to be of independent interest. Then we connect this to Ringel duality for Schur algebras and describe Serre duality for strict polynomial functors.
Given an affine hyperplane arrangement with some additional structure, we define two finite-dimensional, noncommutative algebras, both of which are motivated by the geometry of hypertoric varieties. We show that these algebras are Koszul dual to each other, and that the roles of the two algebras are reversed by Gale duality. We also study the centers and representation categories of our algebras, which are in many ways analogous to integral blocks of category O.
In this paper, we define $A_{\infty}$-Koszul duals for directed $A_{\infty}$-categories in terms of twists in their $A_{\infty}$-derived categories. Then, we compute a concrete formula of $A_{\infty}$-Koszul duals for path algebras with directed $A_n$-type Gabriel quivers. To compute an $A_\infty$-Koszul dual of such an algebra $A$, we construct a directed subcategory of a Fukaya category which are $A_\infty$-derived equivalent to the category of $A$-modules and compute Dehn twists as twists. The formula unveils all the ext groups of simple modules of the parh algebras and their higher composi…
We are going to show that the sheafication of graded Koszul modules $% K_Γ$ over $Γ_{n}=K[ x_{0},x_{1}...x_{n}] $ form an important subcategory $\overset{\wedge}{K}_Γ$ of the coherents sheaves on projective space, $Coh(P^{n}).$ One reason is that any coherent sheave over $P^{n}$ belongs to $\overset{\wedge}{K}_Γ$up to shift. More importantly, the category $K_Γ$ allows a concept of almost split sequence obtained by exploiting Koszul duality between graded Koszul modules over $Γ$ and over the exterior algebra $Λ.$ This is then used to develop a kind of relative Auslander-Reiten theory for the ca…
Let $A$ be a graded algebra. In this paper we develop a generalized Koszul theory by assuming that $A_0$ is self-injective instead of semisimple and generalize many classical results. The application of this generalized theory to directed categories and finite EI categories is described.
For any dg algebra $A$ we construct a closed model category structure on dg $A$-modules such that the corresponding homotopy category is compactly generated by dg $A$-modules that are finitely generated and free over $A$ (disregarding the differential). We prove that this closed model category is Quillen equivalent to the category of comodules over a certain, possibly nonconilpotent dg coalgebra, a so-called extended bar construction of $A$. This generalises and complements certain aspects of dg Koszul duality for associative algebras.
In their previous work, S. Koenig, S. Ovsienko and the second author showed that every quasi-hereditary algebra is Morita equivalent to the right algebra, i.e. the opposite algebra of the left dual, of a coring. Let $A$ be an associative algebra and $V$ an $A$-coring whose right algebra $R$ is quasi-hereditary. In this paper, we give a combinatorial description of an associative algebra $B$ and a $B$-coring $W$ whose right algebra is the Ringel dual of $R$. We apply our results in small examples to obtain restrictions on the $A_\infty$-structure of the $\textrm{Ext}$-algebra of standard module…
Let $M$ be a Liouville 6-manifold which is the smooth fiber of a Lefschetz fibration on $\mathbb{C}^4$ constructed by suspending a Lefschetz fibration on $\mathbb{C}^3$. We prove that for many examples including stabilizations of Milnor fibers of hypersurface cusp singularities, the compact Fukaya category $\mathcal{F}(M)$ and the wrapped Fukaya category $\mathcal{W}(M)$ are related through $A_\infty$-Koszul duality, by identifying them with cyclic and Calabi-Yau completions of the same quiver algebra. This implies the split-generation of the compact Fukaya category $\mathcal{F}(M)$ by vanishi…
