Congruences of Fourier coefficients of modular forms have long been an object of central study. By comparison, the arithmetic of other expansions of modular forms, in particular Taylor expansions around points in the upper-half plane, has been much less studied. Recently, Romik made a conjecture about the periodicity of coefficients around $τ=i$ of the classical Jacobi theta function. Here, we prove this conjecture and generalize the phenomenon observed by Romik to a general class of modular forms of half-integral weight.
For a prime $p\equiv 3$ $(\text{mod }4)$ and $m\ge 2$, Romik raised a question about whether the Taylor coefficients around $\sqrt{-1}$ of the classical Jacobi theta function $θ_3$ eventually vanish modulo $p^m$. This question can be extended to a class of modular forms of half-integral weight on $Γ_1(4)$ and CM points; in this paper, we prove an affirmative answer to it for primes $p\ge5$. Our result is also a generalization of the results of Larson and Smith for modular forms of integral weight on $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$.
In their work, Serre and Swinnerton-Dyer study the congruence properties of the Fourier coefficients of modular forms. We examine similar congruence properties, but for the coefficients of a modified Taylor expansion about a CM point $τ$. These coefficients can be shown to be the product of a power of a constant transcendental factor and an algebraic integer. In our work, we give conditions on $τ$ and a prime number $p$ that, if satisfied, imply that $p^m$ divides the algebraic part of all the Taylor coefficients of $f$ of sufficiently high degree. We also give effective bounds on the largest …
In this paper, we prove modularity results of Taylor coefficients of certain non-holomorphic Jacobi forms. It is well-known that Taylor coefficients of holomorphic Jacobi forms are quasimoular forms. However recently there has been a wide interest for Taylor coefficients of non-holomorphic Jacobi forms for example arising in combinatorics. In this paper, we show that such coefficients still inherit modular properties. We then work out the precise spaces in which these coefficients lie for two examples.
In a previous paper [CG], we showed how one could generalize Taylor-Wiles modularity lifting theorems [Wil95, TW95] to contexts beyond those in which the automorphic forms in question arose from the middle degree cohomology of Shimura varieties, in particular, to contexts in which the relevant automorphic forms contributed to cohomology in exactly two degrees. In this sequel, we extend our method to the general case in which Galois representations are expected to occur in cohomology, contingent on the (as yet unproven) existence of certain Galois representations with the expected properties. A…
We prove new modularity lifting theorems for p-adic Galois representations in situations where the methods of Wiles and Taylor--Wiles do not apply. Previous generalizations of these methods have been restricted to situations where the automorphic forms in question contribute to a single degree of cohomology. In practice, this imposes several restrictions -- one must be in a Shimura variety setting and the automorphic forms must be of regular weight at infinity. In this paper, we essentially show how to remove these restrictions. Our most general result is a modularity lifting theorem which, on…
We prove a portion of a conjecture of B. Conrad, F. Diamond, and R. Taylor, yielding some new cases of the Fontaine-Mazur conjectures, specifically, the modularity of certain potentially Barsotti-Tate Galois representations. The proof follows the template of Wiles, Taylor-Wiles, and Breuil-Conrad-Diamond-Taylor, and relies on a detailed study of the descent, across tamely ramified extensions, of finite flat group schemes over the integers of a local field. This makes crucial use of the filtered ϕ_1-modules of C. Breuil.
Recently, a beautiful paper of Andrews and Sellers has established linear congruences for the Fishburn numbers modulo an infinite set of primes. Since then, a number of authors have proven refined results, for example, extending all of these congruences to arbitrary powers of the primes involved. Here, we take a different perspective and explain the general theory of such congruences in the context of an important class of quantum modular forms. As one example, we obtain an infinite series of combinatorial sequences connected to the "half-derivatives" of the Andrews-Gordon functions and with K…
We construct a Taylor-Wiles system using a family of $p$-adically completed modular Jacobians over suitable Hecke algebras and prove that certain $p$-adically completed Mordell-Weil groups of these Jacobians is free of finite rank over a Hecke algebra.
Under mild hypotheses on the residual representation, we prove the Equivariant Tamagawa Number Conjecture for modular motives with coefficients in universal deformation rings and Hecke algebras using a novel combination of the methods of Euler systems and Taylor-Wiles systems. We also prove the compatibility of this conjecture with specialization.
We study the Taylor expansion around the point $x=1$ of a classical modular form, the Jacobi theta constant $θ_3$. This leads naturally to a new sequence $(d(n))_{n=0}^\infty=1,1,-1,51,849,-26199,\ldots$ of integers, which arise as the Taylor coefficients in the expansion of a related "centered" version of $θ_3$. We prove several results about the numbers $d(n)$ and conjecture that they satisfy the congruence $d(n)\equiv (-1)^{n-1}\ (\textrm{mod }5)$ and other similar congruence relations.
There are many families of functions on partitions, such as the shifted symmetric functions, for which the corresponding q-brackets are quasimodular forms. We extend these families so that the corresponding q-brackets are quasimodular for a congruence subgroup. Moreover, we find subspaces of these families for which the q-bracket is a modular form. These results follow from the properties of Taylor coefficients of strictly meromorphic quasi-Jacobi forms around rational lattice points.
We generalize the main result of arXiv:1206.6631 [math.NT] to all totally real fields. In other words, for $p>2$ prime, we prove (under a mild Taylor-Wiles hypothesis) that if a modular representation is unramified and $p$-distinguished at all places above $p$, then it arises from a mod $p$ Hilbert modular form of parallel weight one. This (mostly) resolves the weight one part of Serre's conjecture for totally real fields.
We apply the new framework for modularity of false theta functions developed by the second author and Nazaroglu to study the asymptotic behavior of Taylor coefficients of false Jacobi forms. The examples we study generate moments of the rank for unimodal sequences. For two types of unimodal sequences, we prove asymptotic series for the rank moments.
The theory of elliptic modular forms has gained significant momentum from the discovery of relaxed yet well-behaved notions of modularity, such as mock modular forms, higher order modular forms, and iterated Eichler-Shimura integrals. Applications beyond number theory range from combinatorics, geometry, and representation theory to string theory and conformal field theory. We unify these relaxed notions in the framework of vector-valued modular forms by introducing a new class of $\mathrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z})$-representations: virtually real-arithmetic types. The key point of the paper is that …
We explain how the work of Johnson-Leung and Roberts on lifting Hilbert modular forms for real quadratic fields to Siegel modular forms can be adapted to imaginary quadratic fields. For this we use archimedean results from Harris, Soudry, Taylor and replace the global arguments of Roberts by the non-vanishing result of Takeda. As an application of our lifting result, we exhibit an abelian surface $B$ defined over $\mathbb{Q}$, which is not restriction of scalars of an elliptic curve and satisfies the Brumer-Kramer Paramodularity Conjecture.
We fix $\ell$ a prime and let $M$ be an integer such that $\ell\not|M$; let $f\in S_2(Γ_1(M\ell^2))$ be a newform supercuspidal of fixed type related to the nebentypus, at $\ell$ and special at a finite set of primes. Let $\TT^ψ$ be the local quaternionic Hecke algebra associated to $f$. The algebra $\TT^ψ$ acts on a module $\mathcal M^ψ_f$ coming from the cohomology of a Shimura curve. Applying the Taylor-Wiles criterion and a recent Savitt's theorem, $\TT^ψ$ is the universal deformation ring of a global Galois deformation problem associated to $\orho_f$. Moreover $\mathcal M^ψ_f$ is free of …
We study Taylor expansions of Jacobi forms of lattice index. As the main result, we give an embedding from certain space of such forms, whether scalar-valued or vector-valued, integral-weight or half-integral-weight, of any level, with any character, into a product of finitely many spaces of modular forms. As an application, we investigate linear relations among Jacobi theta series of lattice index. Many linear relations among the second powers of such theta series associated with the $D_4$ lattice and $A_3$ lattice are obtained, along with relations among the third powers of series associated…
We prove a conjecture of Conrad, Diamond, and Taylor on the size of certain deformation rings parametrizing potentially Barsotti-Tate Galois representations. To achieve this, we extend results of Breuil and Mezard (classifying Galois lattices in semistable representations in terms of "strongly divisible modules") to the potentially crystalline case in Hodge-Tate weights (0,1). We then use these strongly divisible modules to compute the desired deformation rings. As a corollary, we obtain new results on the modularity of potentially Barsotti-Tate representations.
The well-known fact that all elliptic curves are modular, proven by Wiles, Taylor, Breuil, Conrad and Diamond, leaves open the question whether there exists a 'nice' representation of the modular form associated to each elliptic curve. Here we provide explicit representations of the modular forms associated to certain Legendre form elliptic curves 2_E_1(λ) as linear combinations of quotients of Dedekind's eta-function. We also give congruences for some of the modular forms' coefficients in terms of Gaussian hypergeometric functions.
We prove an analogue of the main result of Buzzard and Taylor (Annals of Mathematics 149 (1999), 905-919) for totally real fields in which p is unramified. This can be used to prove certain cases of the strong Artin conjecture over totally real fields.
Clozel, Harris and Taylor have recently proved a modularity lifting theorem of the following general form: if rho is an l-adic representation of the absolute Galois group of a number field for which the residual representation rho-bar comes from a modular form then so does rho. This theorem has numerous hypotheses; a crucial one is that the image of rho-bar must be "big," a technical condition on subgroups of GL(n). In this paper we investigate this condition in compatible systems. Our main result is that in a sufficiently irreducible compatible system the residual images are big at a density …
In this paper, we associate Galois representations to globally generic cuspidal automorphic representations on GSp(4), over a totally real field F, which are Steinberg at some finite place. This association is compatible with the local Langlands correspondence for GSp(4) studied recently in a preprint of Gan and Takeda. As a corollary, we relate the rank of the monodromy operator at p to the dimensions of the parahoric fixed spaces at p. The Galois representations are constructed by first passing to GL(4) over a CM extension, then applying the book of Harris-Taylor plus a refinement due to Tay…
We prove the Sato-Tate conjecture for Hilbert modular forms. More precisely, we prove the natural generalisation of the Sato-Tate conjecture for regular algebraic cuspidal automorphic representations of $\GL_2(\A_F)$, $F$ a totally real field, which are not of CM type. The argument is based on the potential automorphy techniques developed by Taylor et. al., but makes use of automorphy lifting theorems over ramified fields, together with a 'topological' argument with local deformation rings. In particular, we give a new proof of the conjecture for modular forms, which does not make use of poten…
The Mazur principle give simple conditions for an irreducible unramified $\overline{\mathbb{F}_l}$-representation coming from a modular form of level $Γ_0(Np)$ to come for some modular form of level $Γ_0(N)$. The aim of this work is to give a generalization of this principle in higher dimension for some particular extended inner forms non quasi split of a unitary group studying the torsion cohomology classes of Shimura varieties of Kottwitz-Harris-Taylor type within its link with the local monodromy degeneracy.
We propose a formulation of the Equivariant Tamagawa Number Conjecture for modular motives with coefficients in universal deformation rings and Hecke algebras; something which seems to have been heretofore missing because the complexes of Galois cohomology required were not known to be perfect. We show that the fundamental line of this conjecture satisfies the expected compatibility property at geometric points (more precisely at the points satisfying the Weight-Monodromy conjecture) and is compatible with level-lowering and level-raising. Combining these properties with the methods of Euler a…
In this paper, we show that an odd Galois representation rhobar: Gal(Qbar/Q) --> GL_2(F_9) satisfying certain local conditions at 3 and 5 is modular. Our main tool is an idea of Taylor, which reduces the problem to that of exhibiting points on a Hilbert modular surface which are defined over a solvable extension of Q, and which satisfy certain reduction properties. As a corollary, we show that Hilbert-Blumenthal abelian surfaces over Q with good ordinary reduction at 3 and 5 are modular.
We prove a variety of results on the existence of automorphic Galois representations lifting a residual automorphic Galois representation. We prove a result on the structure of deformation rings of local Galois representations, and deduce from this and the method of Khare and Wintenberger a result on the existence of modular lifts of specified type for Galois representations corresponding to Hilbert modular forms of parallel weight 2. We discuss some conjectures on the weights of $n$-dimensional mod $p$ Galois representations. Finally, we use recent work of Taylor to prove level raising and lo…
We first prove the existence of minimally ramified p-adic lifts of 2-dimensional mod p representations, that are odd and irreducible, of the absolute Galois group of Q,in many cases. This is predicted by Serre's conjecture that such representations arise from newforms of optimal level and weight. Using these minimal lifts, and arguments using compatible systems, we prove some cases of Serre's conjectures in low levels and weights. For instance we prove that there are no irreducible (p,p) type group schemes over the rational integers. We prove that a Galois representation as above of Artin cond…
For triangle groups, the (quasi-)automorphic forms are known just as explicitly as for the modular group SL$(2,\bbZ)$. We collect these expressions here, and then interpret them using the Halphen differential equation. We study the arithmetic properties of their Fourier coefficients at cusps and Taylor coefficients at elliptic fixed-points --- in both cases integrality is related to the arithmeticity of the triangle group. As an application of our formulas, we provide an explicit modular interpretation of periods of 14 families of Calabi-Yau threefolds over the thrice-punctured sphere.
We consider a multi-parameter family of canonical coordinates and mirror maps o\ riginally introduced by Zudilin [Math. Notes 71 (2002), 604-616]. This family includes many of the known one-variable mirror maps as special cases, in particular many of modular origin and the celebrated example of Candelas, de la Ossa, Green and\ Parkes [Nucl. Phys. B359 (1991), 21-74] associated to the quintic hypersurface in $\mathbb P^4(\mathbb C)$. In [Duke Math. J. 151 (2010), 175-218], we proved that all coeffi\ cients in the Taylor expansions at 0 of these canonical coordinates (and, hence, of the correspo…
We prove a version of the weight part of Serre's conjecture for mod $p$ Galois representations attached to automorphic forms on rank 2 unitary groups which are non-split at $p$. More precisely, let $F/F^+$ denote a CM extension of a totally real field such that every place of $F^+$ above $p$ is unramified and inert in $F$, and let $\overline{r}: \textrm{Gal}(\overline{F^+}/F^+) \longrightarrow {}^C\mathbf{U}_2(\overline{\mathbb{F}}_p)$ be a Galois parameter valued in the $C$-group of a rank 2 unitary group attached to $F/F^+$. We assume that $\overline{r}$ is semisimple and sufficiently generi…
Under the assumption that Galois representations associated to Siegel modular forms exist (it is known only for genus at most 2), we show that the cohomology with p-adic integral coefficients of Siegel Varieties, when localized at a non-Eisenstein maximal ideal of the Hecke algebra, is torsion-free, provided the prime p is large with the respect to the weight of the coefficient system. The proof uses p-adic Hodge theory, the dual BGG complex modulo p in order to compute the Hodge-Tate weights for the mod p cohomology. We apply this result to the construction of Hida p-adic families for symplec…
