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arXiv 1902.01758astro-ph.EP
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靠近太阳的小行星破裂碎片

Debris of asteroid disruptions close to the Sun

Quanzhi Ye, Mikael Granvik

摘要:

在近日点距离较小的轨道上,小行星的丰度不足,这表明热驱动的破坏可能是太阳系中岩石天体移动的一个重要过程。在这里,我们报告我们的研究如何产生的碎片流从可能的热驱动中断在近太阳区域。我们计算出,一个直径为$\gtrsim0.5$ km的小天体可以产生足够数量的物质,使地球上的碎片能够被探测为流星雨,而且这种大小的天体每隔$\sim2$ kyrs就会对$\sim2$产生热干扰。我们还发现,来自小行星带内部的天体比来自外部的天体更有可能接近太阳。我们模拟了从Granvik等人(2016)的近地天体种群模型中提取的一组合成干扰小行星产生的碎片流的形成和演变,发现它们的演变速度比普通太阳距离产生的碎片流快10- 70倍。我们比较模拟结果的一个目录上的已知流星雨太阳接近轨道。我们表明,有一个明确的过剩接近太阳的流星雨,这是最好的解释,彗星污染和延长的解体阶段,持续了几个千年的综合效应。我们认为,事实上,一些小行星状的太阳接近物体,在近日点通道显着增亮,可能会扰乱小行星。长时间的热破裂也可以解释为什么在系外行星系统中广泛探测到凌日碎片。生成本工作的数字和主要结果的数据和代码可在10.5281/zenodo.2547298和https://github.com/Yeqzids/near-sun-disruptions上公开获取。

英文摘要:

The under-abundance of asteroids on orbits with small perihelion distances suggests that thermally-driven disruption may be an important process in the removal of rocky bodies in the Solar System. Here we report our study of how the debris streams arise from possible thermally-driven disruptions in the near-Sun region. We calculate that a small body with a diameter $\gtrsim0.5$ km can produce a sufficient amount of material to allow the detection of the debris at the Earth as meteor showers, and that bodies at such sizes thermally disrupt every $\sim2$ kyrs. We also find that objects from the inner parts of the asteroid belt are more likely to become Sun-approacher than those from the outer parts. We simulate the formation and evolution of the debris streams produced from a set of synthetic disrupting asteroids drawn from Granvik et al. (2016)'s near-Earth object population model, and find that they evolve 10--70 times faster than streams produced at ordinary solar distances. We compare the simulation results to a catalog of known meteor showers on Sun-approaching orbits. We show that there is a clear overabundance of Sun-approaching meteor showers, which is best explained by a combining effect of comet contamination and an extended disintegration phase that lasts up to a few kyrs. We suggest that a few asteroid-like Sun-approaching objects that brighten significantly at their perihelion passages could, in fact, be disrupting asteroids. An extended period of thermal disruption may also explain the widespread detection of transiting debris in exoplanetary systems. Data and codes that generate the figures and main results of this work are publicly available on 10.5281/zenodo.2547298 and https://github.com/Yeqzids/near-sun-disruptions.

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