在SOHO彗星、火球和流星观测中小行星的超级灾难性破裂
Supercatastrophic disruption of asteroids in the context of SOHO comet, fireball and meteor observations
摘要：
Granvik等人（2016年）报告说，在太阳附近的近日点轨道上没有小行星，他们将其归因于这些天体的“超级灾难性破坏”。在这里，我们调查是否有证据表明这一过程中的其他机构具有类似的低近日点：近地小行星，SOHO彗星，以及米级和毫米级流星体。我们确定没有已知的近地小行星在过去（过去10^4年）的历史中显著位于Granvik等人（2016）的极限内，间接支持破坏假说。例外的是小行星（467372）2004 LG，它在这个极限内度过了2500年，因此对该理论提出了挑战。法厄同的近日点距离刚好在极限之上，可能正在经历缓慢的分裂，这可能是其尘埃复合体的来源。我们发现，未分组的SOHO彗星的观察率是一致的注入到近太阳区域的小（25米）类小行星的预期利率，并建议这部分SOHO观察到的彗星人口实际上可能是小行星的起源。我们还发现，有一个米大小的机构与近太阳近日点的情况下，但毫米大小的流星体过剩。这意味着，如果近太阳小行星分裂，它们不会简单地分裂成一米大小的块，而是最终分裂成毫米大小的颗粒。我们认为，近太阳小行星的破坏以及影响SOHO彗星的异常增亮和破坏过程是通过流星体侵蚀发生的，也就是说，通过高速近太阳流星体的撞击去除物质。
英文摘要：
Granvik et al. (2016) report an absence of asteroids on orbits with perihelia near the Sun that they attribute to the 'supercatastrophic disruption' of these bodies. Here we investigate whether there is evidence for this process among other bodies with similarly low perihelia: near-Earth asteroids, SOHO comets, as well as meter-sized and millimeter-sized meteoroids. We determine no known near-Earth asteroids have past (last 10^4 years) histories residing significantly inside the Granvik et al. (2016) limit, indirectly supporting the disruption hypothesis. The exception is asteroid (467372) 2004 LG which spent 2500 years within this limit, and thus presents a challenge to that theory. Phaethon has a perihelion distance hovering just above the limit and may be undergoing slow disruption, which may be the source of its dust complex. We find that the rate at which ungrouped SOHO comets are observed is consistent with expected rates for the injection of small (25 m) class asteroids into the near-Sun region and suggest that this fraction of the SOHO-observed comet population may in fact be asteroidal in origin. We also find that there is an absence of meter-sized bodies with near-Sun perihelia but an excess of millimeter-sized meteoroids. This implies that if near-Sun asteroids disrupt, they do not simply fragment into meter-sized chunks but disintegrate ultimately into millimeter-sized particles. We propose that the disruption of near-Sun asteroids as well as the anomalous brightening and destruction processes that affect SOHO comets occur through meteoroid erosion, that is, the removal of material through impacts by high-speed near-Sun meteoroids.
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