用于多模态行星防御的小行星破坏与偏转模拟
Asteroid Disruption and Deflection Simulations for Multi-Modal Planetary Defense
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究针对小行星行星防御的终端场景问题，采用PI方法结合ALE3D模拟，证实20-100米级碎石堆小行星可通过特定参数的超高速钨侵彻体撞击有效减缓，为多模态行星防御提供可行方案。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
仅通过偏转手段开展小行星行星防御，在撞击预警时间极短的终端场景中无法提供可行解决方案。PI方法的行星防御技术可在撞击预警时间极短的终端拦截模式下运行，也可在传统偏转技术所能实现的更长时间尺度的拦截模式下运行，从而具备多功能的多模态行星防御能力。该方法实用且成本效益高，因为它仅依赖于当前已有的运载火箭和侵彻体材料，因此是行星防御的合理且有竞争力的选择。根据PI方法，我们研究了通过10:1纵横比的圆柱形钨侵彻体的超高速撞击来破坏和偏转 rubble pile（碎石堆）小行星的有效性。我们展示了一项针对PI方法的持续模拟活动的结果，该活动使用劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室（LLNL）的任意拉格朗日-欧拉（ALE）流体动力学代码ALE3D，在NASA艾姆斯研究中心的高端计算能力（HECC）上运行。我们对异质碎石堆小行星进行建模，这些小行星具有分布在弱粘结剂材料中的、初始屈服强度各不相同的球形巨石。我们发现，20-100米级的这类碎石堆小行星，可通过将侵彻体的动能耦合到小行星的本体材料中，利用20公里/秒的撞击和100-1000千克的侵彻体进行有效减缓。
英文摘要
Planetary defense from asteroids via deflective means alone does not offer viable solutions in terminal scenarios where there is little warning time before impact. The PI method of planetary defense enables operation in terminal interdiction modes where there is little warning time prior to impact, but can also operate in the same extended time scale interdiction modes as made possible by traditional deflection techniques, which results in a versatile, multi-modal planetary defense capability. The method is also practical and cost-effective since it relies solely on launch vehicles and penetrator materials already available today, and thus presents itself as a logical and competitive option for planetary defense. As per the PI method, we investigate the effectiveness of rubble pile asteroid disruption and deflection via hypervelocity impacts with 10:1 aspect ratio cylindrical tungsten penetrators. We present the results of an ongoing simulation campaign dedicated to investigating the PI method, using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) hydrodynamics code ALE3D run with the High-End Computing Capability (HECC) at NASA Ames Research Center. We model heterogeneous rubble pile asteroids with a distribution of spherical boulders of varying initial yield strengths set within a weak binder material. We find that rubble pile asteroids of this type in the 20 - 100 meter-class can be effectively mitigated via 20 km/s impacts with 100 - 1000 kg penetrators via the coupling of the penetrator kinetic energy into the bulk material of the asteroid.
