The classical serendipity and mixed finite element spaces suffer from poor approximation on nondegenerate, convex quadrilaterals. In this paper, we develop $\textit{direct serendipity}$ and $\textit{direct mixed}$ finite element spaces, which achieve optimal approximation properties and have minimal local dimension. The set of local shape functions for either the serendipity or mixed elements contains the full set of scalar or vector polynomials of degree $r$, respectively, defined directly on each element (i.e., not mapped from a reference element). Because there are not enough degrees of freedom for global $H^1$ or $H(\textrm{div})$ conformity, exactly two supplemental shape functions must be added to each element. The specific choice of supplemental functions gives rise to different families of direct elements. These new spaces are related through a de Rham complex. For index $r\ge1$, the new families of serendipity spaces ${\cal{DS}}_{r+1}$ are the precursors under the curl operator of our direct mixed finite element spaces ${\mathbf{V}}_r$, which can be constructed to have full or reduced $H(\textrm{div})$ approximation properties. One choice of direct serendipity supplements is the precursor of the recently introduced Arbogast-Correa spaces [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 54 (2016), pp.~3332--3356]. Other $\textit{fully}$ direct serendipity supplements can be defined without the use of mappings from reference elements, and these give rise in turn to $\textit{fully}$ direct mixed spaces. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the properties of the new spaces.
We construct new families of direct serendipity and direct mixed finite elements on general planer convex polygons that are $H^1$ and $H(div)$ conforming, respectively, and possess optimal order of accuracy for any order. They have a minimal number of degrees of freedom subject to the conformity and accuracy constraints. The name arises because the shape functions are defined directly on the physical elements, i.e., without using a mapping from a reference element. The finite element shape functions are defined to be the full spaces of scalar or vector polynomials plus a space of supplemental …
A mixed finite element method for nearly incompressible elasticity and Stokes equations using primal and dual meshes with quadrilateral and hexahedral grids
Analysis of hybrid methods of mixed-shear-projected triangular and quadrilateral elements for Reissner-Mindlin plates
School of Mathematics, Southwest Jiaotong University（西南交通大学数学学院）；School of Mathematics, Sichuan University（四川大学数学学院）；Experiment Center, China West Normal University（西华师范大学实验中心）
In this paper we introduce a $C^1$ spline space over mixed meshes composed of triangles and quadrilaterals, suitable for FEM-based or isogeometric analysis. In this context, a mesh is considered to be a partition of a planar polygonal domain into triangles and/or quadrilaterals. The proposed space combines the Argyris triangle, cf. (Argyris, Fried, Scharpf; 1968), with the $C^1$ quadrilateral element introduced in (Brenner, Sung; 2005) and (Kapl, Sangalli, Takacs; 2019) for polynomial degrees $p\geq 5$. The space is assumed to be $C^2$ at all vertices and $C^1$ across edges, and the splines ar…
We develop a multipoint stress mixed finite element method for linear elasticity with weak stress symmetry on quadrilateral grids, which can be reduced to a symmetric and positive definite cell centered system. The method is developed on simplicial grids in [4]. The method utilizes the lowest order Brezzi-Douglas-Marini finite element spaces for the stress and the trapezoidal quadrature rule in order to localize the interaction of degrees of freedom, which allows for local stress elimination around each vertex. We develop two variants of the method. The first uses a piecewise constant rotation…
We present an implementation of the trimmed serendipity finite element family, using the open source finite element package Firedrake. The new elements can be used seamlessly within the software suite for problems requiring $H^1$, \hcurl, or \hdiv-conforming elements on meshes of squares or cubes. To test how well trimmed serendipity elements perform in comparison to traditional tensor product elements, we perform a sequence of numerical experiments including the primal Poisson, mixed Poisson, and Maxwell cavity eigenvalue problems. Overall, we find that the trimmed serendipity elements conver…
In this paper, we propose an $H(\text{curl}^2)$-conforming quadrilateral spectral element method to solve quad-curl problems. Starting with generalized Jacobi polynomials, we first introduce quasi-orthogonal polynomial systems for vector fields over rectangles. $H(\text{curl}^2)$-conforming elements over arbitrary convex quadrilaterals are then constructed explicitly in a hierarchical pattern using the contravariant transform together with the bilinear mapping from the reference square onto each quadrilateral. It is astonishing that both the simplest rectangular and quadrilateral spectral elem…
On the exponent of exponential convergence of the $p$-version FEM spaces
University of Leicester（莱斯特大学）
本文研究了不同非标准$p$-版本有限元空间在自由度数量下的指数收敛速度，发现使用总次数$\mathcal{P}_p$基底的集线有限元方法和间断 Galerkin 有限元方法在$ p $-细化下比使用张量积$\mathcal{Q}_p$基底的对应方法收敛更快，同时通过新的$p$-最优误差界证明了这一结论，并通过数值实验验证了理论结果的准确性。
Within finite element models of fluids, vector-valued fields such as velocity or momentum variables are commonly discretised using the Raviart-Thomas elements. However, when using the lowest-order quadrilateral Raviart-Thomas elements, standard finite element discretisations of the vector transport equation typically have a low order of spatial accuracy. This paper describes two schemes that improve the accuracy of transporting such vector-valued fields on two-dimensional curved manifolds. The first scheme that is presented reconstructs the transported field in a higher-order function space, w…
The Modified Direct Method (MDM) is an iterative mesh smoothing method for smoothing planar and surface meshes, which is developed from the non-iterative smoothing method originated by Balendran [1]. When smooth planar meshes, the performance of the MDM is effectively identical to that of Laplacian smoothing, for triangular and quadrilateral meshes; however, the MDM outperforms Laplacian smoothing for tri-quad meshes. When smooth surface meshes, for trian-gular, quadrilateral and quad-dominant mixed meshes, the mean quality(MQ) of all mesh elements always increases and the mean square error (M…
In mixed finite element approximations of Hodge Laplace problems associated with the de Rham complex, the exterior derivative operators are computed exactly, so the spatial locality is preserved. However, the numerical approximations of the associated coderivatives are nonlocal and it can be regarded as an undesired effect of standard mixed methods. For numerical methods with local coderivatives a perturbation of low order mixed methods in the sense of variational crimes has been developed for simplicial and cubical meshes. In this paper we extend the low order method to all high orders on cub…
A simple and efficient interface-fitted mesh generation algorithm is developed in this paper. This algorithm can produce a local anisotropic fitting mixed mesh which consists of both triangles and quadrilaterals near the interface. A new finite element method is proposed for second order elliptic interface problems based on the resulting mesh. Optimal approximation capabilities on anisotropic elements are proved in both the $H^1$ and $L^2$ norms. The discrete system is usually ill-conditioned due to anisotropic and small elements near the interface. Thereupon, a multigrid method is presented t…
Given a sequence of finite element spaces which form a de Rham sequence, we will construct a dual representation of these spaces with associated differential operators which connect these spaces such that they also form a de Rham sequence. The matrix which converts primal representations to dual representations -- the Hodge matrix -- is the mass or Gram matrix. It will be shown that a bilinear form of a primal and a dual representation is equal to the vector inner product of the expansion coefficients (degrees of freedom) of both representations. This leads to very sparse system matrices, even…
We present a mixed finite element method for a five-field formulation of the Biot system of poroelasticity that reduces to a cell-centered pressure-displacement system on simplicial and quadrilateral grids. A mixed stress-displacement-rotation formulation for elasticity with weak stress symmetry is coupled with a mixed velocity-pressure Darcy formulation. The spatial discretization is based on combining the multipoint stress mixed finite element (MSMFE) method for elasticity and the multipoint flux mixed finite element (MFMFE) method for Darcy flow. It uses the lowest order Brezzi-Douglas-Mari…
We propose two different discrete formulations for the weak imposition of the Neumann boundary conditions of the Darcy flow. The Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element on both triangular and quadrilateral meshes is considered for both methods. One is a consistent discretization depending on a weighting parameter scaling as $\mathcal O(h^{-1})$, while the other is a penalty-type formulation obtained as the discretization of a perturbation of the original problem and relies on a parameter scaling as $\mathcal O(h^{-k-1})$, $k$ being the order of the Raviart-Thomas space. We rigorously prove that bo…
We present and analyze a cut finite element method for the weak imposition of the Neumann boundary conditions of the Darcy problem. The Raviart-Thomas mixed element on both triangular and quadrilateral meshes is considered. Our method is based on the Nitsche formulation studied in [10.1515/jnma-2021-0042] and can be considered as a first attempt at extension in the unfitted case. The key feature is to add two ghost penalty operators to stabilize both the velocity and pressure fields. We rigorously prove our stabilized formulation to be well-posed and derive a priori error estimates for the vel…
High-order numerical methods for unstructured grids combine the superior accuracy of high-order spectral or finite difference methods with the geometric flexibility of low-order finite volume or finite element schemes. The Flux Reconstruction (FR) approach unifies various high-order schemes for unstructured grids within a single framework. Additionally, the FR approach exhibits a significant degree of element locality, and is thus able to run efficiently on modern streaming architectures, such as Graphical Processing Units (GPUs). The aforementioned properties of FR mean it offers a promising …
