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arXiv 1808.04715astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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利用气泡宇宙射线加热团内介质对混合加热的要求

On the requirement for mixing-heating to utilize bubble cosmic rays to heat the intracluster medium

Noam Soker

摘要:

我进行简单的分析估计,并得出结论,混合的漩涡是一个更有效的过程,以转移宇宙射线能量的喷气膨胀的气泡的集群内介质(ICM)比流的宇宙射线沿磁场线。喷流和它们膨胀的气泡在星系团和星系中的冷却流中将热量传递给周围的气体。喷射膨胀的气泡的内能由非常热的热气体和/或宇宙射线支配。宇宙射线沿着连接气泡和ICM的磁场线流动,当它们的能量在那里消散时,宇宙射线加热ICM。我发现大约一半的宇宙射线能量都消散在气泡本身。我还发现,宇宙射线流过程加热的ICM体积只有气泡体积的五倍左右。仅通过流动加热的结果是宇宙射线形成一个充满非常热的热气体的更大的气泡。因此,需要一种更有效的方法来将气泡的内能传递到ICM。我认为这个过程是通过混合加热的,它对宇宙射线和气泡内非常热的热气体都很有效。这使得混合加热成为冷却流的主要加热过程。

英文摘要:

I conduct simple analytical estimates and conclude that mixing by vortices is a more efficient process to transfer the cosmic ray energy of jet-inflated bubbles to the intracluster medium (ICM) than streaming of cosmic rays along magnetic field lines. Jets and the bubbles they inflate transfer heat to the ambient gas in cooling flows in cluster of galaxies and in galaxies. The internal energy of the jet-inflated bubbles is dominate by very hot thermal gas and/or cosmic rays. Cosmic rays that stream along magnetic field lines that connect the bubbles with the ICM heat the ICM as their energy is dissipated there. I find that about half of the cosmic ray energy is dissipated in the bubbles themselves. I also find that the ICM volume that the cosmic ray streaming process heats is only about five times as large as the volume of the bubbles. The outcome of heating by streaming only is that the cosmic rays form a larger bubble filled with very hot thermal gas. Therefore, there is a requirement for a more efficient process to transfer the internal energy of the bubbles to the ICM. I suggest that this process is heating by mixing that operates very well for both cosmic rays and the very hot thermal gas inside the bubbles. This leaves mixing-heating to be the dominant heating process of cooling flows.

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