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arXiv 1807.02415cond-mat.mes-hall
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纳米尺度下量子形状效应与新的热力学行为

Quantum shape effects and novel thermodynamic behaviors at nanoscale

Alhun Aydin, Altug Sisman

摘要:

受限系统的热力学性质取决于受限域的大小,这是由于粒子的量子性质。在这里,我们表明,形状也进入作为热力学态函数的控制参数。通过考虑专门设计的限制域,我们分开的量子尺寸和形状效应的影响,从彼此和演示形状效应如何单独修改亥姆霍兹自由能,熵和内能的限制系统。本文提出了一种不需要求解薛定谔方程或调用任何数学工具就能解析预测量子形状效应的重叠量子边界层方法。从而将热力学问题简化为简单的几何问题,揭示了几何与热力学之间的深刻联系。我们还报告了由于量子形状效应的扭矩。此外,我们介绍了isoform,形状保持,过程,打开了新一代的热力学循环在纳米尺度上运行的独特功能的可能性。

英文摘要:

Thermodynamic properties of confined systems depend on sizes of the confinement domain due to quantum nature of particles. Here we show that shape also enters as a control parameter on thermodynamic state functions. By considering specially designed confinement domains, we separate the influences of quantum size and shape effects from each other and demonstrate how shape effects alone modify Helmholtz free energy, entropy and internal energy of a confined system. We propose an overlapped quantum boundary layer method to analytically predict quantum shape effects without even solving Schrödinger equation or invoking any other mathematical tools. Thereby we reduce a thermodynamic problem into a simple geometric one and reveal the profound link between geometry and thermodynamics. We report also a torque due to quantum shape effects. Furthermore, we introduce isoformal, shape preserving, process which opens the possibility of a new generation of thermodynamic cycles operating at nanoscale with unique features.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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