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arXiv 1802.00461cond-mat.stat-mech
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集体动力:非平衡相变热力学的极小模型

Collective power: Minimal model for thermodynamics of nonequilibrium phase transitions

Tim Herpich, Juzar Thingna, Massimiliano Esposito

摘要:

本文提出了一个由三态单元驱动相互作用构成的系统同步的物理相容极小模型。该系统表现出在平均场水平的两个分叉分离三个动力学阶段:一个单一的稳定的不动点,一个稳定的极限环同步指示,和多个稳定的不动点。这些复杂的涌现动力学行为在亚稳定性的基础线性马尔可夫动力学的水平上被理解,即马尔可夫生成器的谱的上实部中出现间隙。随机热力学被用来研究跨动力学阶段以及跨尺度的耗散功。这种耗散的工作被发现减少的吸引力之间的相互作用的单位和nontrivially依赖于系统的大小。当作为一个工作到工作的转换器操作时,我们发现,最大功率输出是实现远离平衡的同步制度,并在最大功率的效率是令人惊讶地接近线性政权预测。我们的工作显示了建立一个热力学的非平衡相变结合分岔理论的方式。

英文摘要:

We propose a thermodynamically consistent minimal model to study synchronization which is made of driven and interacting three-state units. This system exhibits at the mean-field level two bifurcations separating three dynamical phases: a single stable fixed point, a stable limit cycle indicative of synchronization, and multiple stable fixed points. These complex emergent dynamical behaviors are understood at the level of the underlying linear Markovian dynamics in terms of metastability, i.e. the appearance of gaps in the upper real part of the spectrum of the Markov generator. Stochastic thermodynamics is used to study the dissipated work across dynamical phases as well as across scales. This dissipated work is found to be reduced by the attractive interactions between the units and to nontrivially depend on the system size. When operating as a work-to-work converter, we find that the maximum power output is achieved far-from-equilibrium in the synchronization regime and that the efficiency at maximum power is surprisingly close to the linear regime prediction. Our work shows the way towards building a thermodynamics of nonequilibrium phase transitions in conjunction to bifurcation theory.

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