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arXiv 1710.08445astro-ph.GAastro-ph.IM
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ISM中碳粒低温形成的实验室研究

Laboratory experiments on the low temperature formation of carbonaceous grains in the ISM

Daniele Fulvio, Sandor Gobi, Cornelia Jaeger, Akos Kereszturi, Thomas Henning

摘要:

宇宙尘埃颗粒的生命周期还远未被理解,星际介质(ISM)颗粒的起源和演化仍在争论中。在ISM中,宇宙尘埃的破坏速度比恒星源的产生速度要快。然而,对ISM难熔物质的观测表明,为了保持宇宙粒子的稳定数量,需要一些补充的生产机制。在这种情况下,我们的目的是研究可能的宇宙粒子直接在ISM中低温下发生的再形成机制。在模拟ISM条件的实验中研究了含碳材料的低温冷凝。通过激光烧蚀石墨产生的气相碳质前体被迫在代表幸存尘埃颗粒的冷衬底(T约10 K)上附积。冷凝碳质前体的生长和演变已被监测的MIR和UV光谱下的一些实验方案。这是第一次证明,在“原位”形成ISM碳质颗粒的可能性。冷凝过程由碳链控制,碳链首先冷凝成小的碳簇,最后冷凝成更稳定的含碳材料,其结构特征与在非常高的温度下气相冷凝实验中形成的材料相当。我们还表明,这样形成的富勒烯样的碳质材料被转化为一个更有序的材料下真空紫外处理。本文讨论的冷凝结机制可以为充分理解ISM中尘埃注入、破坏和再形成的时间尺度之间的平衡提供基本线索。

英文摘要:

The life-cycle of cosmic dust grains is far from being understood and the origin and evolution of interstellar medium (ISM) grains is still under debate. In the ISM, the cosmic dust destruction rate is faster than the production rate by stellar sources. However, observations of ISM refractory matter suggest that to maintain a steady amount of cosmic grains, some supplementary production mechanism takes place. In this context, we aimed to study possible re-formation mechanisms of cosmic grains taking place at low temperature directly in the ISM. The low temperature condensation of carbonaceous materials has been investigated in experiments mimicking the ISM conditions. Gas-phase carbonaceous precursors created by laser ablation of graphite were forced to accrete on cold substrates (T about 10 K) representing surviving dust grains. The growing and evolution of the condensing carbonaceous precursors have been monitored by MIR and UV spectroscopy under a number of experimental scenarios. It is demonstrated, for the first time, the possibility to form ISM carbonaceous grains in "situ". The condensation process is governed by carbon chains that first condense into small carbon clusters and finally into more stable carbonaceous materials, which structural characteristics are comparable to the material formed in gas-phase condensation experiments at very high temperature. We also show that the so-formed fullerene-like carbonaceous material is transformed into a more ordered material under VUV processing. The cold condensation mechanisms here discussed can give fundamental clues to fully understand the balance between the timescale for dust injection, destruction and re-formation in the ISM.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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