arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1107.4567astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COastro-ph.SR
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银河系尘埃的形成与演化。III。Milky Way的磁盘

Formation and Evolution of the Dust in Galaxies. III. The Disk of the Milky Way

L. Piovan, C. Chiosi, E. Merlin, T. Grassi, R. Tantalo, U. Buonomo, L. P. Cassarà

摘要:

现在需要包括尘埃在内的星系化学演化模型来解读高z宇宙。在一系列的三篇论文中,我们解决了这个问题,并建立了一个现代化学演化模型。在第一篇论文(Piovan等人,2011年a),我们修改了通常存在于尘埃中的元素的冷凝系数。在第二篇论文(Piovan等人,2011年b),我们已经将尘埃应用到帕多瓦化学模型中,并根据太阳邻居的观测数据对其进行了测试。在本文中,我们推广到整个银河系盘(MW)。磁盘被用作一个实验室来分析的空间和时间的行为(i)几个尘埃颗粒家庭的帮助下,我们可以描述ISM,(ii)在气体,尘埃,和总ISM的元素存在于尘埃和(iii)耗尽相同的元素。在径向流和中心棒的作用下,计算了尘埃和气体在圆盘上的时间演化。整个圆盘中气体和尘埃中C、N、O、Mg、Si、S、Ca和Fe的丰度梯度是时间的函数。理论上的梯度很好地再现了造父变星、OB星、红巨星和HII区的梯度。这为尘埃的形成和整个盘的演化提供了伴随过程的主干。我们详细研究了在不同的银河系为中心的距离在ISM的AGB星,SNAE和颗粒吸积尘埃的贡献。此外,我们还研究了硅酸盐/碳质颗粒的比例随时间和在磁盘中的位置的变化。最后,给出了有关高和低SFR(内、外盘)区元素贫化的一些提示。所获得的结果使得有可能将该模型扩展到其他天体物理情况或不同的理论模型,如化学动力学N体模拟。

英文摘要:

Models of chemical evolution of galaxies including the dust are nowadays required to decipher the high-z universe. In a series of three papers we have tackled the problem and set a modern chemical evolution model. In the first paper (Piovan et al., 2011a) we revised the condensation coefficients for the elements that typically are present in the dust. In the second paper (Piovan et al., 2011b) we have implemented the dust into the Padova chemical model and tested it against the observational data for the Solar Neighbourhood. In this paper we extend it to the whole Disk of the Milky Way (MW). The Disk is used as a laboratory to analyze the spatial and temporal behaviour of (i) several dust grain families with the aid of which we can describe the ISM, (ii) the abundances in the gas, dust, and total ISM of the elements present in the dust and (iii) the depletion of the same elements. The temporal evolution of the dust and gas across the Disk is calculated under the effect of radial flows and a central Bar. The gradients of the abundances of C, N, O, Mg, Si, S, Ca and Fe in gas and dust across the Disk are derived as a function of time. The theoretical gradients nicely reproduce those derived from Cepheids, OB stars, Red Giants and HII regions. This provides the backbone for the companion processes of dust formation and evolution across the Disk. We examine in detail the contributions to dust by AGB stars, SNae and grain accretion in the ISM at different galacto-centric distances. Furthermore, we examine the variation of the ratio silicates/carbonaceous grains with time and position in the Disk. Finally, some hints about the depletion of the elements in regions of high and low SFR (inner and outer Disk) are presented. The results obtained make it possible to extend the model to other astrophysical situations or different theoretical models like the chemo-dynamical N-Body simulations.

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