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arXiv 2608.27571astro-ph.GA

晚期星系演化中的尘埃与多环芳烃(PAHs):基于JWST与ALMA对高红移宁静星系的观测,热脉冲渐近巨星支(TP-AGB)尘埃注入、 grain生长及AGN反馈的印记

Dust and PAHs in late-stage galaxy evolution: Imprints of TP-AGB dust injection, grain growth and AGN feedback in high-z quiescent galaxies with JWST and ALMA

D. Donevski, A. Nanni, K. E. Whitaker, A. W. S. Man, A. Faisst, A. Lapi, I. García-Bernete, M. Romano, T. Petrushevska, G. Gururajan, G. Lorenzon, D. Narayanan

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中文总结 AI 辅助

该研究提出首个模拟QGs猝灭后尘埃、冷气体与PAHs耦合演化的半解析模型,揭示TP-AGB尘埃注入、grain生长及AGN反馈对尘埃分布的调控作用,为探测高红移QGs的ISM演化提供新探针。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

晚期星系演化中一个主要未知问题是,恒星形成猝灭后冷星际介质(ISM)的调控机制,这一问题对解释ALMA和JWST探测到的红移z~7的宁静星系(QGs)中的分子气体、尘埃及恒星成分至关重要。我们提出首个半解析模型,该模型采用灵活的恒星形成历史,跟踪小型、大型碳质及硅酸盐 grain,同时模拟猝灭后尘埃、冷气体与多环芳烃(PAHs)的耦合演化。在z~1处,我们发现恒星质量(M_★~8×10^10 M_⊙)、恒星族年龄(~2 Gyr)及冷气体丰度(f_gas~1-10%)相近的QGs,其尘埃质量与恒星质量比(M_dust/M_★)、尘埃质量与气体质量比(M_dust/M_gas)跨度达2-3个数量级,范围从恒星形成星系的典型比值到高度耗尽的尘埃状态。这种多样性源于热脉冲渐近巨星支(TP-AGB)恒星的延迟尘埃注入及ISM grain生长,二者可在恒星形成猝灭后维持尘埃增丰长达~2.5 Gyr。若缺少这些渠道,猝灭前的M_dust会在≤0.5-1 Gyr内降至初始值的10%以下,且当AGN反馈活跃时,衰减速度会翻倍。即使冷尘埃总量低于ALMA连续谱探测限(M_dust/M_★≲10^-4),猝灭后尘埃处理的印记仍会以大量小型碳质 grain 及~2-3%的PAH丰度存在,这类特征可通过JWST/MIRI在微央斯基(μJy)深度下探测,用于研究ALMA暗弱星系中经化学增丰的尘埃相。总体而言,尘埃与PAHs可作为QGs中ISM演化不同阶段的独立探针,而非仅作为前一恒星形成阶段残余冷ISM的示踪物。

英文摘要

A major unknown in late-stage galaxy evolution is what regulates the cold interstellar medium (ISM) after quenching, a question central to interpreting molecular gas, dust, and stellar content in quiescent galaxies (QGs) now probed by ALMA and JWST to $z\sim7$. We present the first semi-analytic model that follows the coupled post-quenching evolution of dust, cold gas, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), using flexible star-formation histories and a framework tracking small and large carbonaceous and silicate grains. At $z\sim1$, we find that QGs of similar mass ($M_\star\sim8\times10^{10} M_\odot$), stellar-population age ($\sim2$ Gyr), and cold gas fractions ($f_{\rm gas}\sim1$-$10\%$), span $2$-$3$ dex in $M_{\rm dust}/M_\star$ and $M_{\rm dust}/M_{\rm gas}$, ranging from star-forming-like ratios to highly depleted dust states. The diversity arises from delayed dust injection by thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) stars and ISM grain growth, which sustain dust enrichment for up to $\sim2.5$ Gyr after quenching. Without these channels, the pre-quenching $M_{\rm dust}$ falls below $10\%$ of its initial value within $\lesssim0.5$-$1$ Gyr, and twice as fast when AGN feedback is active. The imprint of post-quenching dust processing persists in substantial reservoirs of small carbonaceous grains, with PAH fractions of $\sim2$-$3\%$, even if the cold-dust budget falls below typical ALMA continuum detection limits ($M_{\rm dust}/M_\star\lesssim10^{-4}$). Such signatures may remain detectable with JWST/MIRI at $μ$Jy depths, probing chemically enriched dust phases in otherwise ALMA-faint galaxies. Altogether, dust and PAHs provide independent probes of distinct stages of ISM evolution in QGs, rather than simply tracing the residual cold ISM of the preceding star-forming phase.

发表机构

  • National Center for Nuclear Research(国家核研究中心)
  • SISSA(的里雅斯特国际高等研究学院)
  • INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste(意大利国家天体物理研究所的里雅斯特天文台)
  • INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿布鲁佐天文台)
  • Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst(马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校天文学系)
  • Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)(宇宙黎明中心)
  • Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia(不列颠哥伦比亚大学物理与天文学系)
  • Caltech/IPAC(加州理工学院/IPAC)
  • IFPU – Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe(基础物理学宇宙研究所)
  • Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(天体生物学中心)
  • Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie(马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所)
  • Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology, University of Nova Gorica(新戈里察大学天体物理学与宇宙学中心)

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