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arXiv 1707.03043physics.plasm-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thphysics.acc-ph
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加速器聚变反应堆

Accelerator Based Fusion Reactor

Keh-Fei Liu, Alexander Wu Chao

备注：
To be published in Nuclear Fusion as a letter, 7 pages, 2 figures
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摘要：

对基于加速器的聚变堆进行了可行性研究。我们考虑了一种新的方案，从加速器的光束击中目标等离子体的聚变反应的共振，并建立一个可行的反应堆的特征标准。在本研究中，我们考虑反应$ d + t \rightarrow n + α, d + {}^3H_e \rightarrow p + α$和$p + {}^{11}B \rightarrow 3 α$。等离子体的临界温度是由聚变能量增益克服束流的阻止本领确定的。所需的等离子体寿命由共振宽度、束流速度和等离子体密度确定。我们估计的临界束流通量的平衡对等离子体的热能和损失，由于停止功率的情况下，惰性等离子体的聚变生产的能量。临界通量与等离子体寿命的乘积与等离子体密度无关，对温度的依赖性较弱。即使这些反应的临界温度低于热核反应堆的临界温度，在惰性等离子体的情况下，临界通量在等离子体密度$ρ_t = 10^{15}/{\rm cm^3}$的$10^{22} - 10^{24}/\rm{cm^2/s}$范围内。讨论了控制双流不稳定性增长的几种方法。我们还考虑了几个实际实施的方案，这些方案需要进一步研究。最后，我们考虑的情况下，注入的光束在共振能量保持等离子体温度和寿命达到稳态。给出了这种情况下的功率平衡方程和粒子数守恒方程。

英文摘要：

A feasibility study of fusion reactors based on accelerators is carried out. We consider a novel scheme where a beam from the accelerator hits the target plasma on the resonance of the fusion reaction and establish characteristic criteria for a workable reactor. We consider the reactions $ d + t \rightarrow n + α, d + {}^3H_e \rightarrow p + α$, and $p + {}^{11}B \rightarrow 3 α$ in this study. The critical temperature of the plasma is determined from overcoming the stopping power of the beam with the fusion energy gain. The needed plasma lifetime is determined from the width of the resonance, the beam velocity and the plasma density. We estimate the critical beam flux by balancing the energy of fusion production against the plasma thermo-energy and the loss due to stopping power for the case of an inert plasma. The product of critical flux and plasma lifetime is independent of plasma density and has a weak dependence on temperature. Even though the critical temperatures for these reactions are lower than those for the thermonuclear reactors, the critical flux is in the range of $10^{22} - 10^{24}/\rm{cm^2/s}$ for the plasma density $ρ_t = 10^{15}/{\rm cm^3}$ in the case of an inert plasma. Several approaches to control the growth of the two-stream instability are discussed. We have also considered several scenarios for practical implementation which will require further studies. Finally, we consider the case where the injected beam at the resonance energy maintains the plasma temperature and prolongs its lifetime to reach a steady state. The equations for power balance and particle number conservation are given for this case.

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