利用集成建模刻画负三角性反应堆堆芯运行空间
Characterizing the negative triangularity reactor core operating space with integrated modeling
AI总结：
本文通过集成建模刻画负三角性反应堆堆芯运行空间，比较两种NT策略与PT H模概念，证明NT可在多种边缘条件下实现无ELM的竞争性聚变性能并保持较低刮削层功率。
摘要：
负三角性（NT）实验已证明其堆芯性能可与无边界局域模（ELM）的正三角性（PT）H模相媲美，这鼓励了对NT反应堆堆芯的进一步研究。在本工作中，我们利用集成建模来界定两种NT反应堆策略周围的运行空间：一种高场、紧凑型聚变试点装置概念和一种低场、高环径比概念。通过集成平衡、堆芯输运和边缘气球模不稳定性模型，我们建立了一系列运行点，这些运行点的刮削层功率低于50 MW，且聚变功率可与正三角性（PT）H模反应堆概念相媲美。利用加热和注入杂质，在各种压强边缘边界条件下实现相同的聚变性能和刮削层排热功率。对这些压强边缘条件的扫描涵盖了当前NT边缘性质的不确定性，并表明NT反应堆的性能将极大地依赖于边缘压强。研究发现，高场情形能够实现更低的刮削层功率，因为它能够在相对紧凑的尺寸下达到高聚变功率，从而允许在不超出Greenwald密度极限的情况下提高分界面密度。在较弱的NT下观察到聚变功率密度的提高。无限n气球模不稳定性模型表明，NT反应堆堆芯可以达到与领先的PT H模反应堆概念相当的聚变功率，同时保持气球模稳定。由于NT不要求保持在H模，利用注入氪来进一步降低刮削层功率。我们通过与流行的PT H模反应堆概念进行比较来界定NT反应堆运行空间的背景，并发现对于各种边缘条件，NT表现出与这些概念相竞争的、无ELM的性能，同时保持相对较低的刮削层功率。
英文摘要：
NT experiments have demonstrated core performance on par with positive triangularity (PT) H-mode without edge-localized modes (ELMs), encouraging further study of an NT reactor core. In this work, we use integrated modeling to scope the operating space around two NT reactor strategies: a high-field, compact fusion pilot plant concept and a low field, high aspect ratio concept. By integrating equilibrium, core transport, and edge ballooning instability models, we establish a range of operating points with less than 50 MW scrape-off layer power and fusion power comparable to positive triangularity (PT) H-mode reactor concepts. Heating and seeded impurities are leveraged to accomplish the same fusion performance and scrape-off layer exhaust power for various pressure edge boundary conditions. Scans over these pressure edge conditions accommodate any current uncertainty of the properties of the NT edge and show that the performance of an NT reactor will be extremely dependent on the edge pressure. The high-field case is found to enable lower scrape-off layer power because it is capable of reaching high fusion powers at a relatively compact size, which allows increased separatrix density without exceeding the Greenwald density limit. An increase in fusion power density is seen at weaker NT. Infinite-n ballooning instability models indicate that an NT reactor core can reach fusion powers comparable to leading PT H-mode reactor concepts while remaining ballooning-stable. Seeded krypton is leveraged to further lower scrape-off layer power since NT does not have a requirement to remain in H-mode. We contextualize the NT reactor operating space by comparing to popular PT H-mode reactor concepts, and find that NT exhibits competitive ELM-free performance with these concepts for a variety of edge conditions while maintaining relatively low scrape-off layer power.
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