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arXiv 1707.02753cs.DS
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Steiner森林的局部搜索算法

A Local-Search Algorithm for Steiner Forest

Martin Groß, Anupam Gupta, Amit Kumar, Jannik Matuschke, Daniel R. Schmidt, Melanie Schmidt, José Verschae

摘要:

在斯坦纳森林问题中,我们给出一个图和一个源-汇对的集合,目标是找到一个总长度最小的子图,使得所有对都是连通的。该问题是APX困难的,并且可以通过例如,1995年Agrawal、Klein和Ravi提出的原始-对偶算法。我们给出了一个基于局部搜索的常数因子近似的问题。本地搜索带来了新的技术领域,长期以来没有看到任何改进,可能是一个更一般的生存网络设计问题的组合算法的一步。此外,局部搜索是解决动态MST/Steiner树问题的重要工具,而动态Steiner森林仍然是开放的。很容易看出,任何常数因子局部搜索算法都需要将许多边添加/删除在一起的步骤。我们提出了自然的局部移动,在每一步中,要么(a)在当前图中添加一条最短路径,然后删除一堆不重要的边,要么(b)向当前解添加一组边。第二种类型的移动是由我们用来衡量进度的势函数驱动的,它将解决方案的成本与每个连接组件的惩罚相结合。我们精心选择的局部移动和势函数协同工作,以消除使用更传统的局部移动时出现的不良局部极小值。

英文摘要:

In the Steiner Forest problem, we are given a graph and a collection of source-sink pairs, and the goal is to find a subgraph of minimum total length such that all pairs are connected. The problem is APX-Hard and can be 2-approximated by, e.g., the elegant primal-dual algorithm of Agrawal, Klein, and Ravi from 1995. We give a local-search-based constant-factor approximation for the problem. Local search brings in new techniques to an area that has for long not seen any improvements and might be a step towards a combinatorial algorithm for the more general survivable network design problem. Moreover, local search was an essential tool to tackle the dynamic MST/Steiner Tree problem, whereas dynamic Steiner Forest is still wide open. It is easy to see that any constant factor local search algorithm requires steps that add/drop many edges together. We propose natural local moves which, at each step, either (a) add a shortest path in the current graph and then drop a bunch of inessential edges, or (b) add a set of edges to the current solution. This second type of moves is motivated by the potential function we use to measure progress, combining the cost of the solution with a penalty for each connected component. Our carefully-chosen local moves and potential function work in tandem to eliminate bad local minima that arise when using more traditional local moves.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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