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arXiv 1612.03355math.DS
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无滑移台球中周期轨道的稳定性

Stability of periodic orbits in no-slip billiards

Christopher Cox, Renato Feres, Hong-Kun Zhang

摘要:

在一组自然的物理要求下,二维刚体碰撞贴图可以分为两种类型:标准镜面反射贴图和第二种,我们称之为Broomhead和Gutkin之后的无滑移贴图。这导致研究无滑台球-平面台球系统中的移动粒子是一个磁盘(旋转对称的质量分布),其平移和旋转速度都可以改变在每次碰撞的边界的台球域。在本文中,我们大大扩展了以前的结果(Broomhead和Gutkin)的有界性和线性稳定性的Sinai型台球(Wojtkowski)的无滑台球的周期轨道。我们证明了:(i)对于具有分段光滑边界和至少一个内角小于$π$的平面上的台球区域,无滑移台球动力学总是包含椭圆周期- $2$轨道;(ii)多边形无滑移台球总是允许小的不变开集,因此关于正则不变台球测度不能遍历;(三)无滑动版本的西奈台球必须包含线性稳定的周期轨道的周期$2$,更一般地说,我们提供了一个曲率阈值,在此通常发生的周期- $2$轨道从双曲线转移到椭圆形;(四)最后,我们提出了一些意见关于周期轨道在一类多边形台球。

英文摘要:

Rigid bodies collision maps in dimension two, under a natural set of physical requirements, can be classified into two types: the standard specular reflection map and a second which we call, after Broomhead and Gutkin, no-slip. This leads to the study of no-slip billiards--planar billiard systems in which the moving particle is a disc (with rotationally symmetric mass distribution) whose translational and rotational velocities can both change at each collision with the boundary of the billiard domain. In this paper we greatly extend previous results on boundedness of orbits (Broomhead and Gutkin) and linear stability of periodic orbits for a Sinai-type billiard (Wojtkowski) for no-slip billiards. We show among other facts that: (i) for billiard domains in the plane having piecewise smooth boundary and at least one corner of inner angle less than $π$, no-slip billiard dynamics will always contain elliptic period-$2$ orbits; (ii) polygonal no-slip billiards always admit small invariant open sets and thus cannot be ergodic with respect to the canonical invariant billiard measure; (iii) the no-slip version of a Sinai billiard must contain linearly stable periodic orbits of period $2$ and, more generally, we provide a curvature threshold at which a commonly occurring period-$2$ orbit shifts from being hyperbolic to being elliptic; (iv) finally, we make a number of observations concerning periodic orbits in a class of polygonal billiards.

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