Pointwise estimates of pseudo-differential operators
Jon Johnsen
备注：
18 pages. Final version. Appeared in Journal of pseudo-differential operators and applications in 2011. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11868-011-0029-2
发表信息：
Journal of pseudo-differential operators and applications, vol. 2 (2011), 377-398
As a new technique it is shown how general pseudo-differential operators can be estimated at arbitrary points in Euclidean space when acting on functions $u$ with compact spectra. The estimate is a factorisation inequality, in which one factor is the Peetre--Fefferman--Stein maximal function of $u$, whilst the other is a symbol factor carrying the whole information on the symbol. The symbol factor is estimated in terms of the spectral radius of $u$, so that the framework is well suited for Littlewood--Paley analysis. It is also shown how it gives easy access to results on polynomial bounds and estimates in $L_p$, including a new result for type $1,1$-operators that they are always bounded on $L_p$-functions with compact spectra.
A sharp pointwise differential inequality for vectorial second-order partial differential operators, with Uhlenbeck structure, is offered. As a consequence, optimal second-order regularity properties of solutions to nonlinear elliptic systems in domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$ are derived. Both local and global estimates are established. Minimal assumptions on the boundary of the domain are required for the latter. In the special case of the $p$-Laplace system, our conclusions broaden the range of the admissible values of the exponent $p$ previously known.
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In this paper we prove convergence results for homogenization problem for solutions of partial differential system with rapidly oscillating Dirichlet data. Our method is based on analysis of oscillatory integrals. In the uniformly convex and smooth domain, and smooth operator and boundary data, we prove pointwise convergence results, namely $$|u_{\e}(x)-u_0 (x)| \leq C_κ \e^{(d-1)/2}\frac{1}{d(x)^κ}, \ \forall x\in D, \ \forall \ κ>d-1,$$ where $u_{\e}$ and $u_0$ are solutions of respectively oscillating and homogenized Dirichlet problems, and $d(x)$ is the distance of $x$ from the boundary of…
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This article explains the relationship between analytic and algebraic order in case of abstract pseudo-differential operators for a regular spectral triple.
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Schauder estimates were a historical stepping stone for establishing uniqueness and smoothness of solutions for certain classes of partial differential equations. Since that time, they have remained an essential tool in the field. Roughly speaking, the estimates state that the Hölder continuity of the coefficient functions and inhomogeneous term implies the Hölder continuity of the solution and its derivatives. This document establishes pointwise Schauder estimates for second order "parabolic" equations of the form $$\partial_{t}u(x,t)-\sum_{i,j=1}^{m_1} a_{ij}(x,t)X_iX_ju(x,t)=f(x,t)$$ where …
The aim of this work is to develop a global calculus for pseudo-differential operators acting on suitable algebras of generalized functions. In particular, a condition of global hypoellipticity of the symbols gives a result of regularity for the corresponding pseudo-differential equations. This calculus and this frame are proposed as tools for the study in Colombeau algebras of partial differential equations globally defined on $\mathbb{R}^n$.
This study is an attempt at generalizing the class of partially hypoelliptic differential operators to a class of pseudodifferential operators, Symbol ideals are formed on the set of lineality and we discuss suitable topologies that allow the generalizations.
In this paper we investigate the $L^p$-boundedness of certain classes of periodic pseudo-differential operators. The operators considered arise from the study of symbols on $\mathbb{T}^n\times\mathbb{Z}^n$ with limited regularity.
This lecture notes cover a Part III (first year graduate) course that was given at Cambridge University over several years on pseudo-differential operators. The calculus on manifolds is developed and applied to prove propagation of singularities and the Hodge decomposition theorem. Problems are included.
In this paper we provide an extension theorem for fractional powers of some pseudo-differential operators $P(D)$. These extensions yields realization of the fractional powers of some pseudo-differential operators in the spirit of Caffarelli and Silvestre \cite{CSilv}. In particular every fractional power of a local pseudo-differential operator can be realized locally. We also give some properties of the relativistic Schrödinger operator $\Dsm$.
We establish the pseudo-differential variant of the $L^{p}$ estimates for multi-linear and multi-parameter Coifman-Meyer multiplier operators proved by C. Muscalu, J. Pipher, T. Tao and C. Thiele in \cite{MPTT1,MPTT2}.
In this paper we study the action of pseudo-differential operators acting on Gevrey spaces. We introduce classes of classical symbols with spatial Gevrey regularity. As the spatial Gevrey regularity of a symbol $p(\cdot,ξ)$ may depend on the frequency $ξ$, the action of the associated pseudo-differential operator $op(p)$ may induce a loss of regularity. The proof is based on a para-product decomposition.
In this work we show endpoint boundedness properties of pseudo-differential operators of type $(ρ,ρ)$, $0<ρ<1$, on Triebel-Lizorkin and Besov spaces. Our results are sharp and they also cover operators defined by compound symbols.
In this work we establish sharp boundedness results for pseudo-differential operators corresponding to $a\in\mathcal{S}_{0,0}^{m}$ on Triebel-Lizorkin spaces $F_p^{s,q}$ and Besov spaces $B_p^{s,q}$.
In this paper we give both an historical and technical overview of the theory of Harnack inequalities for nonlinear parabolic equations in divergence form. We start reviewing the elliptic case with some of its variants and geometrical consequences. The linear parabolic Harnack inequality of Moser is discussed extensively, together with its link to two-sided kernel estimates and to the Li-Yau differential Harnack inequality. Then we overview the more recent developements of the theory for nonlinear degenerate/singular equations, highlighting the differences with the quadratic case and introduci…
As it is known various dynamical processes can be modeled through the systems of time-fractional order pseudo-differential equations. In the modeling process one frequently faces with determining the adequate orders of time-fractional derivatives in the sense of Riemann-Liouville or Caputo. This problem is qualified as an inverse problem. The right (vector) order can be found utilizing the available data. In this paper we consider this inverse problem for linear systems of fractional order pseudo-differential equations. We prove that the Fourier transform of the vector-solution $\widehat{U}(t,…
Mean Field Games with state constraints are differential games with infinitely many agents, each agent facing a constraint on his state. The aim of this paper is to provide a meaning of the PDE system associated with these games, the so-called Mean Field Game system with state constraints. For this, we show a global semiconvavity property of the value function associated with optimal control problems with state constraints.
Let $(Ω,g)$ be a compact, real-analytic Riemannian manifold with real-analytic boundary $\partial Ω.$ The harmonic extensions of the boundary Dirchlet-to-Neumann eigenfunctions are called Steklov eigenfunctions. We show that the Steklov eigenfuntions decay exponentially into the interior in terms of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann eigenvalues and give a sharp rate of decay to first order at the boundary. The proof uses the Poisson representation for the Steklov eigenfunctions combined with sharp $h$-microlocal concentration estimates for the boundary Dirichlet-to-Neumann eigenfunctions near the cosph…
Pseudo-differential operator equations with parameter are studied. Uniform separability properties and resolvent estimates are obtained in terms of fractional derivatives. Moreover, maximal regularity properties of the pseudo-differential abstract parabolic equation are established. Particularly, it is proven that the operators generated by these pseudo-differential equations are positive and aso are generators of analytic semigroups. As an application, the anisotropic parameter dependent pseudo-differential equations and the system of pseudo-differential equations are studied
The present paper develops two concepts of pointwise differentiability of higher order for arbitrary subsets of Euclidean space defined by comparing their distance functions to those of smooth submanifolds. Results include that differentials are Borel functions, higher order rectifiability of the set of differentiability points, and a Rademacher result. One concept is characterised by a limit procedure involving inhomogeneously dilated sets. The original motivation to formulate the concepts stems from studying the support of stationary integral varifolds. In particular, strong pointwise differ…
The purpose of this note is to show how some results from the theory of partial differential equations apply to the study of pseudo-spectra of non-self-adjoint operators, which is a topic of current interest in applied mathematics.
Pseudo-differential and Fourier series operators on the n-torus are analyzed by using global representations by Fourier series instead of local representations in coordinate charts. Toroidal symbols are investigated and the correspondence between toroidal and Euclidean symbols of pseudo-differential operators is established. Periodization of operators and hyperbolic partial differential equations is discussed. Fourier series operators, which are analogues of Fourier integral operators on the torus, are introduced, and formulae for their compositions with pseudo-differential operators are deriv…
We prove that pseudo-differential operators with symbols in the class $S_{1,δ}^0$ ($0<δ<1$) are not always bounded on the modulation space $M^{p,q}$ ($q\neq2$).
In this paper, we study the $M$-ellipticity of Fredholm pseudo-differential operators associated with weighted symbols on $L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$, $1 < p < \infty$. We also prove the Gårding's inequality for $M$-elliptic operators and the hybrid class of pseudo-differential operators, namely SG$M$-elliptic operators.
We prove an extended version of Cordes' lemma concerning trace-class properties of some special pseudo-differential operators. This version of Cordes' lemma is used to improve the results in \cite{Arsu} concerning the Schatten-class properties of pseudo-differential operators in the $(X,τ) $-quantization. Here $X$ is an $n$ dimensional vector space and $τ$ is an endomorphism of $X$.
The purpose of this paper is to establish the theory of stochastic pseudo-differential operators and give its applications in stochastic partial differential equations. First, we introduce some concepts on stochastic pseudo-differential operators and prove their fundamental properties. Also, we present the boundedness theory, invertibility of stochastic elliptic operators and the Garding inequality. Moreover, as an application of the theory of stochastic pseudo-differential operators, we give a Calderon-type uniqueness theorem on the Cauchy problem of stochastic partial differential equations.…
We investigate the Schatten-von Neumann properties of pseudo-differential operators using the method proposed by A. Boulkhemair in \cite{Boulkhemair 2}. The symbols are elements of the ideals $S_{w}^{p}$ of the Sjöstrand algebra $S_{w}$.
In this paper we focus on the stochastic Euler-Poincaré equations with pseudo-differential/multiplicative noise. We first establish two new cancellation properties on pseudo-differential operators, which play a key role in energy estimate. Then, we obtain results on local solution, blow-up criterion and global existence. The interplay between stability on exiting times and continuous dependence of solution on initial data are also studied for the multiplicative noise case.
We study a class of pseudo-differential operators with oscillating symbols or osc illating amplitudes appearing in the long-range scattering theory. We develop the basic calc ulus for operators from such classes and solve some concrete problems posed by applications to scattering theory, especially to the scattering matrix. In particular, we show tha t under natural assumptions the spectrum of a pseudo-differential operator with an oscillating symb ol covers the unit circle.
We investigate the Schatten-class properties of pseudo-differential operators with the (revisted) method of Cordes and Kato. As symbol classes we use classes similar to those of Cordes in which the $L^{\infty}$% -conditions are replaced by $L^{p}$-conditions, $1\leq p<\infty $.
We study a model elliptic pseudo-differential equation and simplest boundary value problems for a half-space and a special cone in Sobolev--Slobodetskii spaces which have different smoothness with respect to separate variables. Sufficient conditions for a unique solvability for such boundary value problems are described.
In this paper we give several global characterisations of the Hormander class of pseudo-differential operators on compact Lie groups. The result is applied to give criteria for the ellipticity and the global hypoellipticity of pseudo-differential operators in terms of their matrix-valued full symbols. Several examples of the first and second order globally hypoelliptic differential operators are given. Where the global hypoelliptiticy fails, one can construct explicit examples based on the analysis of the global symbols.
We survey a few results on the boundedness of operators arising from the Weyl-Pedersen calculus associated with irreducible representations of nilpotent Lie groups.
In this paper we consider 0-th order pseudodifferential operators on the circle. We show that inside any interval disjoint from critical values of the principal symbol, the spectrum is absolutely continuous with possibly finitely many embedded eigenvalues. We also give an example of embedded eigenvalues.
A symbolic calculus for a pseudo-differential operators acting on sections of a homogeneous vector bundle over a compact homogeneous space $G/H$ with compact $G$ and $H$ is developed. We realize the symbol of a pseudo-differential operator as a linear operator acting on corresponding irreducible unitary representations of $H$ valued in the algebra $C^\infty(G)$ of smooth functions. We write down how left invariant vector fields of $SU(2)$ act on the sections of homogeneous vector bundles associated to the fibration $\mathbb{T}\hookrightarrow SU(2)\rightarrow\mathbb{C}P^1$, which is known as th…
The main objective of this paper is twofold. We first show that if the doubly-weighted Bohr spectrum of an almost periodic function exists, then it is either empty or coincides with the Bohr spectrum of that function. Next, we investigate the problem which consists of the existence of doubly-weighted pseudo-almost periodic solutions to some nonautonomous abstract differential equations.
In this paper, we enlarge the space of uniformly supported pseudo-differential operators on some groupoids by considering kernels satisfying certain asymptotic estimates. We show that such enlarged space contains the compact parametrix, and the generalized inverse of uniformly supported operators with Fredholm vector representation.
In this work we obtain sharp $L^p$-estimates for pseudo-differential operators on arbitrary graded Lie groups. The results are presented within the setting of the global symbolic calculus on graded Lie groups by using the Fourier analysis associated to every graded Lie group which extends the usual one due to Hörmander on $\mathbb{R}^n$. The main result extends the classical Fefferman's sharp theorem on the $L^p$-boundedness of pseudo-differential operators for Hörmander classes on $\mathbb{R}^n$ to general graded Lie groups, also adding the borderline $ρ=δ$ case.
We show that the short-time Fourier transform of the pointwise product of two functions $f$ and $h$ can be written as a suitable product of the short-time Fourier transforms of $f$ and $h$. The same result is then shown to be valid for the Wigner wave-packet transform. We study the main properties of the new products. We then use these products to derive integro-differential equations on the time-frequency space equivalent to, and generalizing, the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We also obtain the Weyl-Wigner-Moyal equation satisfied by the Wigner-Ville function associated with the solu…
We consider a smooth hyper-surface Z of a closed Riemannian manifold X. Let P be the Poisson operator associating to a smooth function on Z its harmonic extension on X\Z. If A is a pseudo-differential operator on X of degree <3, we prove that B=P^* A P is a pseudo-differential operator on Z and calculate the principal symbol of B.
We develop a pseudo-differential Weyl calculus on nilpotent Lie groups which allows one to deal with magnetic perturbations of right invariant vector fields. For this purpose we investigate an infinite-dimensional Lie group constructed as the semidirect product of a nilpotent Lie grup and an appropriate function space thereon. We single out an appropriate coadjoint orbit in the semidirect product and construct our pseudo-differential calculus as a Weyl quantization of that orbit.
