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arXiv 1609.05481quant-ph
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负折射率材料中两原子的集体动力学和纠缠

Collective dynamics and entanglement of two atoms embedded into negative index material

Wei Fang, Gao-xiang Li, Zbigniew Ficek

摘要:

研究了两个二能级原子嵌入超材料平板界面附近的动力学行为,其中一个原子具有负磁导率,另一个原子具有负介电常数。界面表现为由表面等离子体激元极化激元模式组成的等离子体激元波导。结果发现,显着不同的动力学发生的共振和非共振耦合的等离子体场的原子。在共振耦合的情况下,等离子体场不表现为原子的耗散库。我们采用镜像方法,证明了两个原子的动力学与四个原子系统的动力学是完全等价的。此外,存在两个阈值耦合强度,一个对应于等离子体场的耦合强度的对称和反对称模式的两个原子系统。阈值区分非马尔可夫(记忆保留)和马尔可夫(无记忆)制度的演变,不同的时间尺度的记忆效应和纠缠的演变可以观察到。马尔可夫制度的特点是指数衰减,而非马尔可夫制度的正弦振荡的概率振幅的演变的贡献。的解决方案预测一个大的和长期的生活纠缠介导的等离子体场在马尔可夫和非马尔可夫制度的演变。我们还表明,同时马尔可夫和非马尔可夫制度的演变可能会发生记忆效应存在于一个有限的进化时间。在原子与等离子体场的非共振耦合的情况下,原子通过交换虚光子而彼此相互作用,这导致与耦合到共同储库的两个原子的动力学相对应的动力学。此外,在非共振耦合下,纠缠度显著增强。

英文摘要:

We study the dynamics of two two-level atoms embedded near to the interface of paired meta-material slabs, one of negative permeability and the other of negative permittivity. The interface behaves as a plasmonic waveguide composed of surface-plasmon polariton modes. It is found that significantly different dynamics occur for the resonant and an off-resonant couplings of the plasma field to the atoms. In the case of the resonant coupling, the plasma field does not appear as a dissipative reservoir to the atoms. We adopt the image method and show that the dynamics of the two atoms are completely equivalent to those of a four-atom system. Moreover, two threshold coupling strengths exist, one corresponding to the strength of coupling of the plasma field to the symmetric and the other the antisymmetric mode of the two-atom system. The thresholds distinguish between the non-Markovian (memory preserving) and Markovian (memoryless) regimes of the evolutions that different time scales of the evolution of the memory effects and entanglement can be observed. The Markovian regime is characterized by exponentially decaying whereas the non-Markovian regime by sinusoidally oscillating contributions to the evolution of the probability amplitudes. The solutions predict a large and long living entanglement mediated by the plasma field in both Markovian and non-Markovian regimes of the evolution. We also show that a simultaneous Markovian and non-Markovian regime of the evolution may occur in which the memory effects exist over a finite evolution time. In the case of an off-resonant coupling of the atoms to the plasma field, the atoms interact with each other by exchanging virtual photons which results in the dynamics corresponding to those of two atoms coupled to a common reservoir. In addition, the entanglement is significantly enhanced under the off-resonant coupling.

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