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arXiv 1609.02706astro-ph.EP
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巨行星在原行星盘中产生的深隙的模拟

Modeling of deep gaps created by giant planets in protoplanetary discs

K. D. Kanagawa, H. Tanaka, T. Muto, T. Tanigawa

摘要:

一颗巨大的行星嵌入原行星盘中会产生一个缺口。这个过程对理论和观测都很重要。使用二维流体动力学模拟的宽参数范围的调查结果,我们构建了间隙结构的经验公式(即,径向表面密度分布),其可以再现通过二维模拟获得的间隙宽度和深度。这个公式使我们能够判断观测到的间隙是否可能是由嵌入的行星引起的。行星发射的波的传播与间隙结构密切相关。与假定瞬时波浪阻尼的情况相比,它使间隙更宽更浅。流体动力学模拟表明,波不会在波的发射点立即衰减,即使行星的质量与木星一样大。基于水动力模拟的结果,我们还得到了一个经验模型的波的传播和阻尼的情况下,深间隙。一维间隙模型与我们的波传播模型是能够很好地再现间隙结构的流体动力学模拟。对于木星质量的行星,我们还发现波数较小的波(例如,$m=2$)被激发并将角动量传输到远离行星的位置。带有$m=2$的波与行星对面发射的次级波密切相关。

英文摘要:

A giant planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk creates a gap. This process is important for both theory and observations. Using results of a survey for a wide parameter range with two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, we constructed an empirical formula for the gap structure (i.e., the radial surface density distribution), which can reproduce the gap width and depth obtained by two-dimensional simulations. This formula enables us to judge whether an observed gap is likely to be caused by an embedded planet or not. The propagation of waves launched by the planet is closely connected to the gap structure. It makes the gap wider and shallower as compared with the case where an instantaneous wave damping is assumed. The hydrodynamic simulations shows that the waves do not decay immediately at the launching point of waves, even when the planet is as massive as Jupiter. Based on the results of hydrodynamic simulations, we also obtained an empirical model of wave propagation and damping for the cases of deep gaps. The one-dimensional gap model with our wave propagation model is able to well reproduce the gap structures in hydrodynamic simulations. In the case of a Jupiter-mass planet, we also found that the waves with smaller wavenumber (e.g., $m=2$) are excited and transport the angular momentum to the location far away from the planet. The wave with $m=2$ is closely related with a secondary wave launched by the site opposite from the planet.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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