表征行星引起的间隙的可变灰尘渗透性
Characterizing the variable dust permeability of planet-induced gaps
摘要：
空气动力学理论预测，原行星盘中的尘埃颗粒会在相对较短的时间尺度内径向向内漂移。在这种情况下，人们早就知道，行星打开的间隙的存在可以显着改变尘埃动力学。在本文中，我们进行了系统的研究，采用长期的数值模拟，旨在表征的关键颗粒尺寸为保留以外的间隙作为一个功能的颗粒尺寸和定义的原行星盘模型的各种关键参数。为此，我们在两个维度上进行多流体流体动力学模拟，包括不同的尘埃物种，我们将其视为无压流体。我们初始化行星轨道外的尘埃，并研究在何种条件下尘埃颗粒能够穿过行星所刻的间隙。与以前的工作一致，我们发现，间隙的渗透性取决于灰尘的动力学性质和气体盘结构：而小灰尘以下的粘性吸积气体通过间隙，接近临界尺寸的尘埃颗粒逐步过滤掉。此外，我们引入和计算的损耗因子，使我们能够量化的方式，更高的粘度，更小的行星质量，或更大的磁盘可以将这个临界尺寸更大的值。我们的研究结果表明，间隙开放的行星可能会耗尽大尘埃颗粒的原行星盘的内部区域--这可能会限制固体在形成类地行星上的吸积。
英文摘要：
Aerodynamic theory predicts that dust grains in protoplanetary disks will drift radially inward on comparatively short timescales. In this context, it has long been known that the presence of a gap opened by a planet can alter the dust dynamics significantly. In this paper, we carry out a systematic study employing long-term numerical simulations aimed at characterizing the critical particle-size for retention outside a gap as a function of particle size and for various key parameters defining the protoplanetary disk model. To this end, we perform multifluid hydrodynamical simulations in two dimensions, including different dust species, which we treat as pressureless fluids. We initialize the dust outside of the planet's orbit and study under which conditions dust grains are able to cross the gap carved by the planet. In agreement with previous work, we find that the permeability of the gap depends both on dust dynamical properties and the gas disk structure: while small dust follows the viscously accreting gas through the gap, dust grains approaching a critical size are progressively filtered out. Moreover, we introduce and compute a depletion factor that enables us to quantify the way in which higher viscosity, smaller planet mass, or a more massive disk can shift this critical size to larger values. Our results indicate that gap-opening planets may act to deplete the inner reaches of protoplanetary disks of large dust grains -- potentially limiting the accretion of solids onto forming terrestrial planets.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
