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arXiv 2602.12906astro-ph.EP
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间隙和环:扩展原行星盘的近普遍特征

Gaps and Rings: A Near-Universal Trait of Extended Protoplanetary Discs

Leiden University(莱顿大学);Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(智利天主教 Pontificia 大学)

Quincy Bosschaart, Osmar M. Guerra-Alvarado, Nienke van der Marel, Gijs D. Mulders

AI总结:

研究发现近邻恒星形成区域中大部分扩展原行星盘存在子结构,如环、间隙和空洞,这表明子结构在原行星盘中普遍存在,对尘埃演化和行星形成有重要影响。

摘要:

亚结构如环、间隙和空洞在原行星盘中普遍存在,被认为在尘埃演化和行星形成中起关键作用。然而,附近恒星形成区域中约68%的扩展盘(尘埃半径>30AU)仍未解析,导致其亚结构内容不确定,限制了我们对尘埃演化和行星形成初始条件的全面理解。我们旨在研究此前未解析的扩展盘中是否存在亚结构,以评估所有扩展原行星盘是否具有亚结构。我们利用ALMA Band 6连续观测,对26个此前未解析的扩展盘进行了高分辨率观测,完成了Taurus、Ophiuchus、Chamaeleon、Lupus、Upper Scorpius、Upper Centaurus-Lupus和Lower Centaurus-Crux区域的高分辨率样本。我们使用Frankenstein和Galario分析径向强度剖面以检测亚结构。17个盘显示清晰的亚结构,而9个盘看起来紧凑且无结构,平滑或模糊,可能是由于倾角或可能的双星/晚期吸积。我们检测到15个盘的12CO J=2-1发射,其中4个有扩展发射。结合文献数据,我们完整的730个原行星盘样本揭示,几乎所有扩展盘都有亚结构,约91%在完整样本中被检测到,当修正高倾角系统时,可达约98%。亚结构是扩展原行星盘的近普遍特征。它们更常见于较大、质量较大的盘和较高质量恒星周围,结构化盘能保持尘埃质量。这支持了尘埃陷阱可能由巨行星诱导,从而塑造盘形态的场景。

英文摘要:

Substructures such as rings, gaps, and cavities are commonly observed in protoplanetary discs and are thought to play a key role in dust evolution and planet formation. However, a fraction of the extended discs (68% dust radii > 30 AU) in nearby star-forming regions remain unresolved, leaving their substructure content uncertain and thereby limiting our understanding of dust evolution and the initial conditions for planet formation across the full disc population. We aim to investigate the presence of substructures in previously unresolved, extended discs to assess whether all extended protoplanetary discs in the Solar neighbourhood exhibit substructures. We present new high-resolution ($\sim$0.12") ALMA Band 6 continuum observations at 1.33 mm of 26 previously unresolved, extended discs within 200 pc, completing the high-resolution sample of extended discs in Taurus, Ophiuchus, Chamaeleon, Lupus, Upper Scorpius, Upper Centaurus-Lupus and Lower Centaurus-Crux. We analyse radial intensity profiles using Frankenstein and Galario to detect substructures. Seventeen discs show clear substructures, while nine appear compact and structureless, smooth or ambiguous due to inclination or possible binarity/late-stage infall. We detect $^{12}$CO J=2-1 emission in 15 discs, with extended emission in four. Combined with literature data, our complete sample of 730 protoplanetary discs reveals that nearly all extended discs exhibit substructures, $\sim$91% detected in the full sample, and up to $\sim$98% when correcting for high-inclination systems where substructures may be hidden. Substructures are a near-universal feature of extended protoplanetary discs. They are more commonly detected in larger, massive discs and around higher-mass stars, and structured discs retain their dust mass over time. This supports the scenario in which dust traps, possibly induced by giant planets, shape disc morphologies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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