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arXiv 1609.01726cond-mat.mes-hall
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缺陷和退相对二维拓扑绝缘体中电荷和自旋电流的影响

Effects of Defects and Dephasing on Charge and Spin Currents in Two-Dimensional Topological Insulators

John S. Van Dyke, Dirk K. Morr

摘要:

利用非平衡Keldysh Green函数方法,研究了缺陷对二维拓扑绝缘体(TI)电子结构和输运性质的影响。我们演示了如何在拓扑保护的边缘和体状态之间的空间电荷流的变化,并表明,弹性和非弹性散射缺陷,保持TI的时间反演对称性,导致定性不同的影响TI的局部电子结构和它的输运性质。此外,我们表明,最近预测的通过磁缺陷破坏TI的时间反演对称性来产生高度自旋极化电流的能力[Phys. Rev. B 93,081401(2016)]对于包含Rashba自旋轨道相互作用和失相的影响是稳健的,并且不受TI参数变化的影响。我们讨论了如何在对称操作下,如反向偏置和栅极电压,或空间反射的诱导自旋电流的符号的变化。最后,我们表明,洞察到的磁缺陷的拓扑结构和对称性之间的相互作用,可以用于创建新的量子现象,如高度本地化的磁场内TI。

英文摘要:

Using the non-equilibrium Keldysh Green's function formalism, we investigate the effect of defects on the electronic structure and transport properties of two-dimensional topological insulators (TI). We demonstrate how the spatial flow of charge changes between the topologically protected edge and bulk states and show that elastically and inelastically scattering defects that preserve the time reversal symmetry of the TI lead to qualitatively different effects on the TI's local electronic structure and its transport properties. Moreover, we show that the recently predicted ability to create highly spin-polarized currents by breaking the time-reversal symmetry of the TI via magnetic defects [Phys. Rev. B 93, 081401 (2016)] is robust against the inclusion of a Rashba spin-orbit interaction and the effects of dephasing, and remains unaffected by changes over a wide range of the TI's parameters. We discuss how the sign of the induced spin currents changes under symmetry operations, such as reversal of bias and gate voltages, or spatial reflections. Finally, we show that the insight into the interplay between topology and symmetry of the magnetic defects can be employed for the creation of novel quantum phenomena, such as highly localized magnetic fields inside the TI.

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