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arXiv 1606.03075gr-qchep-th
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Schwarzschild 时空中 Green 函数的全局 Hadamard 形式

Global Hadamard form for the Green Function in Schwarzschild space-time

Marc Casals, Brien Nolan

AI总结:

本文研究 Schwarzschild 时空标量场推迟 Green 函数的全局奇异性,提出按 null 波前穿越焦散次数叠加 Hadamard 形式的表示,并单独刻画焦散点结构。

摘要:

在四维弯曲背景时空上,波动方程的推迟 Green 函数是两个时空点的(广义)函数,并在这两个点由 null 测地线连接时发散。Hadamard 形式显式给出了这种发散的形式,但仅当其中一个点位于另一个点的正规邻域内时才成立。本文中,我们推导了 Schwarzschild 时空中标量场推迟 Green 函数的一种表示,它显式展现了超出正规邻域的完整奇异性结构。我们将该表示解释为若干 Hadamard 形式之和,求和对应于 null 波前穿过焦散点的次数:这些 Hadamard 形式之和适用于完整 Green 函数的非光滑贡献,而不仅限于奇异贡献。(“非光滑”一词是在除去推迟 Green 函数中必然出现的、产生因果性的阶跃函数的意义上使用的。)奇异性结构通过两种独立方法确定:一种基于 Green 函数的 Bessel 函数展开,另一种利用 Schwarzschild 时空与 Plebański–Hacyan 时空的 Green 函数之间的联系(后一种方法还给出了完整 Schwarzschild Green 函数的另一种表示,而不仅是其非光滑部分)。我们的表示在焦散点邻域内无效。对于这些点,我们通过单独给出 Schwarzschild 时空 Green 函数的一种表示来处理,该表示显式展现了其在该时空焦散处(不同的)奇异性结构。

英文摘要:

The retarded Green function of a wave equation on a 4-dimensional curved background spacetime is a (generalized) function of two spacetime points and diverges when these are connected by a null geodesic. The Hadamard form makes explicit the form of this divergence but only when one of the points is in a normal neighbourhood of the other point. In this paper we derive a representation for the retarded Green function for a scalar field in Schwarzschild spacetime which makes explicit its {\it complete} singularity structure beyond the normal neighbourhood. We interpret this representation as a sum of Hadamard forms, the summation being taken over the number of times the null wavefront has passed through a caustic point: the sum of Hadamard forms applies to the non-smooth contribution to the full Green function, not only the singular contribution. (The term non-smooth applies modulo the causality-generating step functions that must appear in the retarded Green function.) The singularity structure is determined using two independent approaches, one based on a Bessel function expansion of the Green function, and another that exploits a link between the Green functions of Schwarzschild spacetime and Pleba{ń}ski-Hacyan spacetime (the latter approach also yields another representation for the {\it full} Schwarzschild Green function, not just for its non-smooth part). Our representation is not valid in a neighbourhood of caustic points. We deal with these points by providing a separate representation for the Green function in Schwarzschild spacetime which makes explicit its (different) singularity structure at caustics of this spacetime.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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