Pfaffian formula for $K$-theory of odd orthogonal Grassmannians

The Pfaffian-Grassmannian equivalence revisited

We give a new proof of the 'Pfaffian-Grassmannian' derived equivalence between certain pairs of non-birational Calabi-Yau threefolds. Our proof follows the physical constructions of Hori and Tong, and we factor the equivalence into three steps by passing through some intermediate categories of (global) matrix factorizations. The first step is global Knoerrer periodicity, the second comes from a birational map between Landau-Ginzburg B-models, and for the third we develop some new techniques.

Homological projective duality for Grassmannians of lines

We show that homologically projectively dual varieties for Grassmannians Gr(2,6) and Gr(2,7) are given by certain noncommutative resolutions of singularities of the corresponding Pfaffian varieties. As an application we describe the derived categories of linear sections of these Grassmannians and Pfaffians. In particular, we show that (1) the derived category of a Pfaffian cubic 4-fold admits a semiorthogonal decompositions consisting of 3 exceptional line bundles, and of the derived category of a K3-surface; (2) mutually orthogonal Calabi-Yau linear sections of Gr(2,7) and of the correspondin…

The Pfaffian Calabi-Yau, its Mirror, and their link to the Grassmannian G(2,7)

The rank 4 locus of a general skew-symmetric 7x7 matrix gives the pfaffian variety in P^20 which is not defined as a complete intersection. Intersecting this with a general P^6 gives a Calabi-Yau manifold. An orbifold construction seems to give the 1-parameter mirror-family of this. However, corresponding to two points in the 1-parameter family of complex structures, both with maximally unipotent monodromy, are two different mirror-maps: one corresponding to the general pfaffian section, the other to a general intersection of G(2,7) in P^20 with a P^13. Apparently, the pfaffian and G(2,7) sect…

GLSM realizations of maps and intersections of Grassmannians and Pfaffians

In this paper we give gauged linear sigma model (GLSM) realizations of a number of geometries not previously presented in GLSMs. We begin by describing GLSM realizations of maps including Veronese and Segre embeddings, which can be applied to give GLSMs explicitly describing constructions such as the intersection of one hypersurface with the image under some map of another. We also discuss GLSMs for intersections of Grassmannians and Pfaffians with one another, and with their images under various maps, which sometimes form exotic constructions of Calabi-Yaus, as well as GLSMs for other exotic …

Degeneracy Loci, Pfaffians, and Vexillary Signed Permutations in Types B, C, and D

We define a notion of vexillary signed permutation in types B, C, and D, corresponding to natural degeneracy loci for vector bundles with symmetries of those types. We show that the classes of these loci are given by explicit Pfaffian formulas. The Grassmannian formulas of Kazarian are important special cases, and the corresponding double Schubert polynomials of Ikeda, Mihalcea, and Naruse are shown to be equal to these Pfaffians.

P-Grothendieck多项式的次数与Pfaffian簇的正则性

Degrees of P-Grothendieck polynomials and regularity of Pfaffian varieties

本研究利用移位杨表组合数学证明P-Grothendieck多项式次数公式，结合已有结果得到vexillary斜对称矩阵Schubert簇的Castelnuovo-Mumford正则性上界，还得到Grassmannian相关多项式次数与簇正则性的新公式。

Symplectic and odd orthogonal Pfaffian formulas for algebraic cobordism

In this paper we provide generalisations of Pfaffian formulas for the degeneracy loci classes in the algebraic cobordism of symplectic/odd orthogonal Grassmann bundles.

Initial Ideals of Pfaffian Ideals

We resolve a conjecture about a class of binomial initial ideals of $I_{2,n}$, the ideal of the Grassmannian, Gr$(2,\mathbb{C}^n$), which are associated to phylogenetic trees. For a weight vector $ω$ in the tropical Grassmannian, $in_ω(I_{2,n}) = J_\mathcal{T}$ is the ideal associated to the tree $\mathcal{T}$. The ideal generated by the $2r \times 2r$ subpfaffians of a generic $n \times n$ skew-symmetric matrix is precisely $I_{2,n}^{\{r-1\}}$, the $(r-1)$-secant of $I_{2,n}$. We prove necessary and sufficient conditions on the topology of $\mathcal{T}$ in order for $in_ω(I_{2,n})^{\{2\}} = J…

Double Grothendieck Polynomials for Symplectic and Odd Orthogonal Grassmannians

We study the double Grothendieck polynomials of Kirillov--Naruse for the symplectic and odd orthogonal Grassmannians. These functions are explicitly written as sums of Pfaffian and are identified with the stable limits of the fundamental classes of Schubert varieties in the torus equivariant connective K-theory of these isotropic Grassmannians. We also provide a combinatorial description of the ring formally spanned by double Grothendieck polynomials.

Isotropic Grassmannians, Plücker and Cartan maps

This work is motivated by the relation between the KP and BKP integrable hierarchies, whose $τ$-functions may be viewed as sections of dual determinantal and Pfaffian line bundles over infinite dimensional Grassmannians. In finite dimensions, we show how to relate the Cartan map which, for a vector space $V$ of dimension $N$, embeds the Grassmannian ${\mathrm {Gr}}^0_V(V+V^*)$ of maximal isotropic subspaces of $V+ V^*$, with respect to the natural scalar product, into the projectivization of the exterior space $Λ(V)$, and the Plücker map, which embeds the Grassmannian ${\mathrm {Gr}}_V(V+ V^*)…

Conjecture $\mathcal{O}$ holds for the odd symplectic Grassmannian

Let $\mathrm{IG}(k, 2n+1)$ be the odd-symplectic Grassmannian. Property $\mathcal{O}$, introduced by Galkin, Golyshev and Iritani for arbitrary complex, Fano manifolds $X$, is a statement about the eigenvalues of the linear operator obtained by the quantum multiplication by the anticanonical class of $X$. We prove that property $\mathcal{O}$ holds in the case when $X= \mathrm{IG}(k, 2n+1)$ is an odd-symplectic Grassmannian. The proof uses the combinatorics of the recently found quantum Chevalley formula for $\mathrm{IG}(k, 2n+1)$, together with the Perron-Frobenius theory of nonnegative matric…

Quadric surfaces in the Pfaffian hypersurface in $\mathbb{P}^{14}$

We study smooth quadric surfaces in the Pfaffian hypersurface in $\mathbb{P}^{14}$ parameterising $6 \times 6$ skew-symmetric matrices of rank at most 4, not intersecting the Grassmannian $\mathbb{G}(1,5)$. Such surfaces correspond to quadratic systems of skew-symmetric matrices of size 6 and constant rank 4, and give rise to a globally generated vector bundle $E$ on the quadric. We analyse these bundles and their geometry, relating them to linear congruences of lines in $\mathbb{P}^5$.

奇数双各向同性辛格拉斯曼流形的贝蒂数

Betti Numbers of Odd Biisotropic Symplectic Grassmannians

本文通过构造保维组合双射，计算了奇数双各向同性辛格拉斯曼流形的奇异上同调群（贝蒂数），建立了与格拉斯曼流形Schubert胞腔的联系。

Equivariant Quantum Cohomology of the Odd Symplectic Grassmannian

The odd symplectic Grassmannian $\mathrm{IG}:=\mathrm{IG}(k, 2n+1)$ parametrizes $k$ dimensional subspaces of $\mathbb{C}^{2n+1}$ which are isotropic with respect to a general (necessarily degenerate) symplectic form. The odd symplectic group acts on $\mathrm{IG}$ with two orbits, and $\mathrm{IG}$ is itself a smooth Schubert variety in the submaximal isotropic Grassmannian $\mathrm{IG}(k, 2n+2)$. We use the technique of curve neighborhoods to prove a Chevalley formula in the equivariant quantum cohomology of $\mathrm{IG}$, i.e. a formula to multiply a Schubert class by the Schubert divisor cl…

Degeneracy Loci Classes in $K$-theory - Determinantal and Pfaffian Formula -

We prove a determinantal formula and Pfaffian formulas that respectively describe the $K$-theoretic degeneracy loci classes for Grassmann bundles and for symplectic Grassmann and odd orthogonal bundles. The former generalizes Damon--Kempf--Laksov's determinantal formula and the latter generalize Pragacz--Kazarian's formula for the Chow ring. As an application, we introduce the factorial $GΘ/ GΘ'$-functions representing the torus equivariant $K$-theoretic Schubert classes of the symplectic and the odd orthogonal Grassmannians, which generalize the (double) theta polynomials of Buch--Kresch--Tam…

Quantum cohomology of the odd symplectic Grassmannian of lines

Odd symplectic Grassmannians are a generalization of symplectic Grassmannians to odd-dimensional spaces. Here we compute the classical and quantum cohomology of the odd symplectic Grassmannian of lines. Although these varieties are non homogeneous, we obtain Pieri and Giambelli formulas that are very similar to the symplectic case. We notice that their quantum cohomology is semi-simple, which enables us to check Dubrovin's conjecture for this case.

Wahl's conjecture holds in odd characteristics for symplectic and orthogonal Grassmannians

It is shown that the proof by Mehta and Parameswaran of Wahl's conjecture for Grassmannians in positive odd characteristics also works for symplectic and orthogonal Grassmannians.

Mather classes of Schubert varieties via small resolutions

We express a Schubert expansion of the Chern-Mather class for Schubert varieties in the even orthogonal Grassmannian via integrals involving Pfaffians and pushforward of the small resolutions in the sense of Intersection Cohomology (IH) constructed by Sankaran and Vanchinathan, instead of the Nash blowup. The equivariant localization is employed to show the way of computing the integral. As a byproduct, we present the computations. For analogy and the completion of the method in ordinary Grassmannians, we also suggest Kazhdan-Lusztig classes associated to Schubert varieties in the Lagrangian a…

Odd symplectic flag manifolds

We define the odd symplectic grassmannians and flag manifolds, which are smooth projective varieties equipped with an action of the odd symplectic group and generalizing the usual symplectic grassmannians and flag manifolds. Contrary to the latter, which are the flag manifolds of the symplectic group, the varieties we introduce are not homogeneous. We argue nevertheless that in many respects the odd symplectic grassmannians and flag manifolds behave like homogeneous varieties; in support of this claim, we compute the automorphism group of the odd symplectic grassmannians, and we prove a Borel-…

关于指数一的Fano簇作为线Grassmannian的线性截面

On Fano varieties of index one that are linear sections of Grassmannians of lines

本文研究线Grassmannian的一般线性截面Fano簇，证明其双有理等价于由pfaffian行列式定义的超曲面，并给出相应超曲面的有理参数化。

Curve neighborhoods of Schubert Varieties in the odd symplectic Grassmannian

Let $\mbox{IG}(k,2n+1)$ be the odd symplectic Grassmannian. It is a quasi-ho\-mo\-ge\-neous space with homogeneous-like behavior. A very limited description of curve neighborhoods of Schubert varieties in $\mbox{IG}(k,2n+1)$ was used by Mihalcea and the second named author to prove an (equivariant) quantum Chevalley rule. In this paper we give a full description of the irreducible components of curve neighborhoods in terms of the Hecke product of (appropriate) Weyl group elements, $k$-strict partitions, and BC-partitions. The latter set of partitions respect the Bruhat order with inclusions. O…

Dynkin箭图的箭图Grassmannian的旗版本没有奇上同调

Flag versions of quiver Grassmannians for Dynkin quivers have no odd cohomology

本文证明了Dynkin箭图（A、D、E型）的箭图Grassmannian旗版本无奇上同调，A和D型具仿射铺砌，并推广了刚性表示的对角分解结果。

Hilbert functions of points on Schubert varieties in Orthogonal Grassmannians

A solution is given to the following problem: how to compute the multiplicity, or more generally the Hilbert function, at a point on a Schubert variety in an orthogonal Grassmannian. Standard monomial theory is applied to translate the problem from geometry to combinatorics. The solution of the resulting combinatorial problem forms the bulk of the paper. This approach has been followed earlier to solve the same problem for the Grassmannian and the symplectic Grassmannian. As an application, we present an interpretation of the multiplicity as the number of non-intersecting lattice paths of a ce…

正性决定奇辛线 Grassmann 簇的量子上同调

Positivity determines the quantum cohomology of the odd symplectic Grassmannian of lines

针对 Picard 秩为 1 的奇辛线 Grassmann 簇 IG(2,2n+1)，本文提出正性条件，证明其量子上同调环在量子参数缩放下是唯一量子形变，并修正 Fulton 猜想。

三次Fano三维簇与14次Fano三维簇的稳定等变双有理等价

Stable equivariant birationalities of cubic and degree 14 Fano threefolds

本研究提出Pfaffian-Grassmannian对应的等变版本，以此构造出三次三维簇与14次Fano三维簇间非平凡的扭稳定等变双有理等价实例，为等变双有理几何提供新案例。

交错退化区域的动机类和对称轨道闭包

Motivic Classes of isotropic degeneracy loci and symmetric orbit closures

本文提供计算交错退化区域的动机柴恩和希泽布鲁赫类的显式公式，特别涉及辛和奇正交格拉斯曼流形。结果扩展了Anderson-Chen-Tarasca在普通格拉斯曼退化区域的研究。

General isotropic flags are general (for Grassmannian Schubert calculus)

We show that general isotropic flags for odd-orthogonal and symplectic groups are general for Schubert calculus on the classical Grassmannian in that Schubert cells defined by such flags meet transversally. This strengthens a result of Belkale and Kumar in arXiv:0708.0398.

On the Hilbert scheme of degeneracy loci of twisted differential forms

We prove that, for 3 < m < n-1, the Grassmannian of m-dimensional subspaces of the space of skew-symmetric forms over a vector space of dimension n is birational to the Hilbert scheme of the degeneracy loci of m global sections of Omega(2), the twisted cotangent bundle on P^{n-1}. For 3=m<n-1 and n odd, this Grassmannian is proved to be birational to the set of Veronese surfaces parametrized by the Pfaffians of linear skew-symmetric matrices of order n.

完全正斜对称矩阵

Totally positive skew-symmetric matrices

本文重新定义了斜对称矩阵的完全正性，基于正交Grassmannian提供了正性判据，揭示了Pfaffian的符号模式，并引入了利用关联matroid确定胞腔归属的方法。

Quantum Giambelli formulas for isotropic Grassmannians

Let X be a symplectic or odd orthogonal Grassmannian which parametrizes isotropic subspaces in a vector space equipped with a nondegenerate (skew) symmetric form. We prove quantum Giambelli formulas which express an arbitrary Schubert class in the small quantum cohomology ring of X as a polynomial in certain special Schubert classes, extending the cohomological Giambelli formulas of arXiv:0811.2781.

Chern class formulas for classical-type degeneracy loci

In previous work, we employed a geometric method of Kazarian to prove Pfaffian formulas for a certain class of degeneracy loci in types B, C, and D. Here we refine that approach to obtain formulas for more general loci, including those coming from all isotropic Grassmannians. In these cases, the formulas recover the remarkable theta- and eta-polynomials of Buch, Kresch, Tamvakis, and Wilson. The streamlined geometric approch yields simple and direct proofs, which proceed in parallel for all four classical types. In an appendix, we develop some foundational algebra and prove several Pfaffian id…

A Giambelli formula for even orthogonal Grassmannians

Let X be an orthogonal Grassmannian parametrizing isotropic subspaces in an even dimensional vector space equipped with a nondegenerate symmetric form. We prove a Giambelli formula which expresses an arbitrary Schubert class in the singular and quantum cohomology ring of X as a polynomial in certain special Schubert classes. Our analysis reveals a surprising relation between the Schubert calculus on even and odd orthogonal Grassmannians. We also study eta polynomials, a family of polynomials defined using raising operators whose algebra agrees with the Schubert calculus on X.

Resultants and Chow forms via Exterior Syzygies

Given a sheaf on a projective space P^n we define a sequence of canonical and easily computable Chow complexes on the Grassmannians of planes in P^n, generalizing the Beilinson monad on P^n. If the sheaf has dimension k, then the Chow form of the associated k-cycle is the determinant of the Chow complex on the Grassmannian of planes of codimension k+1. Using the theory of vector bundles and the canonical nature of the complexes we are able to give explicit determinantal and Pfaffian formulas for resultants in some cases where no polynomial formulas were known. For example, the Horrocks-Mumford…

A Giambelli formula for isotropic Grassmannians

Let X be a symplectic or odd orthogonal Grassmannian parametrizing isotropic subspaces in a vector space equipped with a nondegenerate (skew) symmetric form. We prove a Giambelli formula which expresses an arbitrary Schubert class in H^*(X,Z) as a polynomial in certain special Schubert classes. We study theta polynomials, a family of polynomials defined using raising operators whose algebra agrees with the Schubert calculus on X. Furthermore, we prove that theta polynomials are special cases of Billey-Haiman Schubert polynomials and use this connection to express the former as positive linear …

Pieri-type formulas for maximal isotropic Grassmannians via triple intersections

We give an elementary proof of the Pieri-type formula in the cohomology of a Grassmannian of maximal isotropic subspaces of an odd orthogonal or symplectic vector space. This proof proceeds by explicitly computing a triple intersection of Schubert varieties. The decisive step is an explicit description of the intersection of two Schubert varieties, from which the multiplicities (which are powers of 2) in the Pieri-type formula are deduced.

Double Schubert polynomials and degeneracy loci for the classical groups

We propose a theory of double Schubert polynomials P_w(X,Y) for the Lie types B, C, D which naturally extends the family of Lascoux of Schutzenberger in type A. These polynomials satisfy positivity, orthogonality, and stability properties, and represent the classes of Schubert varieties and degeneracy loci of vector bundles. When w is a maximal Grassmannian element of the Weyl group, P_w(X,Y) can be expressed in terms of Schur-type determinants and Pfaffians, in analogy with the type A formula of Kempf and Laksov. An example, motivated by quantum cohomology, shows that there are no Chern class…

皮卡秩为1的霍罗球面簇的几何

Geometry of horospherical varieties of Picard rank one

本文研究皮卡秩1的非齐次霍罗球面簇的几何，分析其量子上同调的半单性等性质，给出奇辛格拉斯曼流形量子上同调环表示，并构造相关例外群对应簇的导出范畴满矩形Lefschetz例外系。

K-theoretic Schubert calculus for OG(n,2n+1) and jeu de taquin for shifted increasing tableaux

We present a proof of a Littlewood-Richardson rule for the K-theory of odd orthogonal Grassmannians OG(n,2n+1), as conjectured in [Thomas-Yong '09]. Specifically, we prove that rectification using the jeu de taquin for increasing shifted tableaux introduced there, is well-defined and gives rise to an associative product. Recently, [Buch-Ravikumar '09] proved a Pieri rule for OG(n,2n+1) that [Feigenbaum-Sergel '09] showed confirms a special case of the conjecture. Together, these results imply the aforementioned conjecture.

二次曲面上的一致非齐次层

Uniform non-homogeneous bundles on quadrics

该研究针对广义格拉斯曼流形与光滑二次曲面，界定了一致层为齐次层的最大秩k(X)，分类了特定二次曲面上的一致层，并以一致层刻画射影空间。