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arXiv 1602.04153cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.softphysics.comp-ph
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用剪切法探讨玻璃的局部结构

Probing Local Structure in Glass by the Application of Shear

Nicholas B. Weingartner, Zohar Nussinov

摘要:

玻璃化转变仍然是当代凝聚态物理最大的未解之谜之一。当通过快速冷却绕过结晶时,产生保留无定形颗粒的过冷液体。过冷液体的物理现象既广泛又有趣。最重要的是,过冷液体的粘度在很窄的温度范围内显示出令人难以置信的增加。最终,过冷液体停止流动,变成玻璃,并获得刚性和类似固体的行为。了解是什么支撑了粘度的巨大增长,以及在没有长程序的情况下刚性是如何产生的是一个长期追求的目标。许多关于玻璃态减速的理论都要求与结构有关的静态长度尺度随温度的降低而增长。为此,我们提出了一个新的,自然的长度尺度-“剪切穿透深度”。该长度尺度量化了过冷液体的结构连通性。剪切穿透深度被定义为施加到边界的剪切扰动传播到液体中的距离。我们提供的数值数据,基于$NiZr_2$的模拟,说明这种长度尺度表现出显着的增长和最终的分歧接近玻璃化转变。我们进一步讨论了这方面的联系,包括结构连接性和玻璃化转变的新理论。

英文摘要:

The glass transition remains one of the great unsolved mysteries of contemporary condensed matter physics. When crystallization is bypassed by rapid cooling, a supercooled liquid, retaining amorphous particle arrangment, results. The physical phenomenology of supercooled liquids is as vast as it is interesting. Most significant, the viscosity of the supercooled liquid displays an incredible increase over a narrow temperature range. Eventually, the supercooled liquid ceases to flow, becomes a glass, and gains rigidity and solid-like behaviors. Understanding what underpins the monumental growth of viscosity, and how rigidity results without long range order is a long-sought goal. Many theories of the glassy slowdown require the growth of static lengthscale related to structure with lowering of the temperature. To that end, we have proposed a new, natural lengthscale- "the shear penetration depth". This lengthscale quantifies the structural connectivity of the supercooled liquid. The shear penetration depth is defined as the distance up to which a shear perturbation applied to the boundary propagates into the liquid. We provide numerical data, based on the simulations of $NiZr_2$, illustrating that this length scale exhibits dramatic growth and eventual divergence upon approach to the glass transition. We further discuss this in relation to percolating structural connectivity and a new theory of the glass transition.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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