发表机构
Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Institute of Standards and Technology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所; 中国科学技术大学; 中国科学院力学研究所; 中国科学院大学; 美国国家标准与技术研究院; 上海交通大学; 上海量子科学研究中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
研究玻璃物理中结构弛豫从平衡态到非平衡态的演变，通过模拟稳态剪切下的模型玻璃形成体，基于集体运动和有效温度理论定量预测弛豫时间，揭示平衡与非平衡弛豫受相同机制支配，提供统一微观描述。
AI 中文摘要
理解结构弛豫如何从平衡态演变为非平衡态仍是玻璃物理的核心问题。通过对稳态剪切下模型玻璃形成体的模拟，我们发现外部驱动逐渐抑制了控制平衡态弛豫的串状协同重排，导致动力学显著加快。基于集体运动和由涨落耗散关系独立确定的剪切相关有效温度的理论，定量预测了所研究的全温度和剪切速率范围内的结构弛豫时间，无需额外的非平衡拟合参数。这些结果表明平衡态和非平衡态弛豫受相同的潜在协同机制支配，但在稳态剪切下处于不同的有效热力学条件。更广泛地说，我们的研究提供了玻璃形成液体中热驱动和机械驱动动力学的统一微观描述。
英文摘要
Understanding how structural relaxation evolves from equilibrium to nonequilibrium conditions remains a central problem in glass physics. Using simulations of model glass formers under steady shear, we show that the String Model, which links stringlike cooperative rearrangements to relaxation in equilibrium glass-forming liquids, predicts the structural relaxation time across the full range of temperatures and shear rates investigated without additional nonequilibrium fitting parameters, when combined with a shear-dependent effective temperature that is captured by a generalized fluctuation-dissipation relation. These results indicate that equilibrium and nonequilibrium relaxation are governed by the same underlying cooperative mechanism, but they occur under different effective thermodynamic conditions under steady shear. More broadly, our study provides a unified microscopic description of thermal and mechanically driven dynamics in glass-forming liquids.
Commentsv2: revised version
