Olivia Dumitrescu, Elisa Postinghel, Stefano Urbinati
We compute the facets of the effective cones of divisors on the blow-up of P^3 in up to five lines in general position. We prove that up to six lines these threefolds are weak Fano and hence Mori Dream Spaces.
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Cones of divisors on $\mathbb{P}^3$ blown up at eight very general points
研究在八个非常一般的点处爆破的射影空间 $\mathbb{P}^3$ 上的除子锥，给出其数值有效锥和有效锥完整描述，并证明对特定外尔群作用存在有理多面体基本域。
We study $l$-very ample, ample and semi-ample divisors on the blown-up projective space $\mathbb{P}^n$ in a collection of points in general position. We establish Fujita's conjectures for all ample divisors with the number of points bounded above by $2n$ and for an infinite family of ample divisors with an arbitrary number of points.
We propose a generalization of SHGH Conjectures to a smooth projective surface Y: the so called Segre Problem. The study of linear systems on Y can be translated in terms of the Mori cone of the blow up $X = Bl_r Y$ at $r$ general points. Generalizing a result by de Fernex, we prove that if Segre Problem holds true, then a part of the Mori cone of $X$ does coincide with a part of the positive cone of $X$.
We construct log resolutions of pairs on the blow-up of the projective space in an arbitrary number of general points and we discuss the semi-ampleness of the strict transforms. As an application we prove that the abundance conjecture holds for an infinite family of such pairs. For $n+2$ points, these strict transforms are F-nef divisors on the moduli space $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{0,n+3}$ in a Kapranov's model: we show that all of them are nef.
The objective is to show the construction of an Ulrich vector bundle on the blowing-up $\widetilde X$ of a nonsingular projective variety $X$ at a closed point, where the original variety is embedded by a very ample divisor $H$ and carries an Ulrich vector bundle. In order to achieve this result, we aim to find a suitable very ample divisor on $\widetilde X$, which is dependent on $H$. At the end, we take into consideration some applications to surfaces with regards to minimal models and their Kodaira dimension.
Blown-up boundaries associated with ample cones of K3 surfaces
本文通过Bestvina-Mess公式研究K3表面自同构群的虚拟上同调维数，揭示了其与ample锥关联的膨胀边界覆盖维度之间的关系。
Ample Line Bundles on Blown Up Surfaces
给定光滑复射影曲面$S$和$S$上的一个充分因子$H$，考虑$S$沿一般位置上的$k$点的爆破.令$H'$为$H$的回调，$E_1,..., E_k$为例外因子。我们证明，当且仅当$L^2$为正，且整数$n$至少为3时，$L = nH' -E_1 - ... -E_k$是充分的。
We suggest an effective procedure to calculate numerical invariants for rank two bundles over blown-up surfaces. We study the moduli spaces M_j of bundles on the blown-up plane splitting over the exceptional divisor as O(j)+O(-j). We use the numerical invariants to give a topological decomposition of M_j.
We prove two theorems on the locally finite decompositions of the cones of divisors by the cones which correspond to canonical and minimal models. We introduce the concept of the numerical linear systems in order to simplify the argument on the Zariski decompositions.
We study the cones of q-ample divisors on smooth complex varieties. In favourable cases, we identify a part where the closure of this cone and the nef cone have the same boundary. This is especially interesting for Fano (or almost Fano) varieties.
We show that the cone of primitive Heegner divisors is finitely generated for many orthogonal Shimura varieties, including the moduli space of polarized K3-surfaces. The proof relies on the growth of coefficients of modular forms.
We study divisors in the blow-up of $\mathbb{P}^n$ at points in general position that are non-special with respect to the notion of linear speciality introduced in [5]. We describe the cohomology groups of their strict transforms via the blow-up of the space along their linear base locus. We extend the result to non-effective divisors that sit in a small region outside the effective cone. As an application, we describe linear systems of divisors in $\mathbb{P}^n$ blown-up at points in star configuration and their strict transforms via the blow-up of the linear base locus.
We construct examples of projective toric surfaces whose blow-up at a general point has a non-polyhedral pseudo-effective cone, both in characteristic $0$ and in every prime characteristic $p$. As a consequence, we prove that the pseudo-effective cone of the Grothendieck-Knudsen moduli space $\overline M_{0,n}$ of stable rational curves is not polyhedral for $n\geq 10$ in characteristic $0$ and in characteristic $p$, for all primes $p$. Many of these toric surfaces are related to a very interesting class of arithmetic threefolds that we call arithmetic elliptic pairs of infinite order. Their a…
We show that $sl_2$ conformal block divisors do not cover the nef cone of $\bar{M}_{0,6}$, or the $S_9$-invariant nef cone of $\bar{M}_{0,9}$. A key point is to relate the nonvanishing of intersection numbers between these divisors and F-curves to the nonemptiness of some explicitly defined polytopes. Several experimental results and some open problems are also included.
We compute the facets of the effective and movable cones of divisors on the blow-up of $\mathbb{P}^n$ at $n+3$ points in general position. Given any linear system of hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{P}^n$ based at $n+3$ multiple points in general position, we prove that the secant varieties to the rational normal curve of degree $n$ passing through the points, as well as their joins with linear subspaces spanned by some of the points, are cycles of the base locus and we compute their multiplicity. We conjecture that a linear system with $n+3$ points is linearly special only if it contains such subvar…
We prove that if $m \ge n-3$ then every $S_m$-invariant F-nef divisor on the moduli space of stable $n$-pointed curves of genus zero is linearly equivalent to an effective combination of boundary divisors. As an application, we determine the Mori cone of the moduli spaces of stable curves of small genus with few marked points.
Positive cones of $b$-divisor classes
本文利用 Seshadri 常数定义丰富 Cartier $b$-除子类，证明其构成 nef 锥内的凸锥，并刻画大除子类的凸锥及拉回性质。
In these notes we investigate the cone of nef curves of projective varieties, which is the dual cone to the cone of pseudo-effective divisors. We prove a structure theorem for the cone of nef curves of projective $\mathbb Q$-factorial klt pairs of arbitrary dimension from the point of view of the Minimal Model Program. This is a generalization of Batyrev's structure theorem for the cone of nef curves of projective terminal threefolds.
We prove that the type A, level one, conformal blocks divisors on $\bar{M}_{0,n}$ span a finitely generated, full-dimensional subcone of the nef cone. Each such divisor induces a morphism from $\bar{M}_{0,n}$, and we identify its image as a GIT quotient parameterizing configurations of points supported on a flat limit of Veronese curves. We show how scaling GIT linearizations gives geometric meaning to certain identities among conformal blocks divisor classes. This also gives modular interpretations, in the form of GIT constructions, to the images of the hyperelliptic and cyclic trigonal loci …
As an alternative to the description of a toric variety by a fan in the lattice of one parameter subgroups, we present a new language in terms of what we call bunches -- these are certain collections of cones in the vector space of rational divisor classes. The correspondence between these bunches and fans is based on classical Gale duality. The new combinatorial language allows a much more natural description of geometric phenomena around divisors of toric varieties than the usual method by fans does. For example, the numerically effective cone and the ample cone of a toric variety can be rea…
Cones of Noether-Lefschetz divisors and moduli spaces of hyperkähler manifolds
研究了诺特-勒夫施茨特定理除子锥体的生成和极射线，揭示了超kähler流形模空间的uniruled性及极化正性特性。
We describe the closed cone of moving curves of smooth Fano three- and fourfolds by giving finitely many equations that cut out the cone. The equations are induced by the exceptional divisors of divisorial contractions and by nef divisors on birational models obtained by sequences of flips.The results presented here are part of the author's Ph.D. thesis, written under the supervision of Stefan Kebekus.
Variation of cones of divisors in a family of varieties -- Fano type case
研究纤维上Fano类型性质与整体Fano类型性质的关系，证明在一般有限基变换后，Fano类型簇族的Néron-Severi空间、nef锥、有效锥、可动锥和Mori chamber分解的不变性，并应用于有界性问题。
Let $C$ be a Petri general curve of genus $g$ and $E$ a general stable vector bundle of rank $r$ and slope $g-1$ over $C$ with $h^0 (C, E) = r+1$. For $g > (2r+2)(2r+1)$, we show how the bundle $E$ can be recovered from the tangent cone to the theta divisor $Θ_E$ at ${\mathcal O}_C$. We use this to give a constructive proof and a sharpening of Brivio and Verra's theorem that the theta map $SU_C (r) -rightarrow |r Θ|$ is generically injective for large values of $g$.
Let X_n := \bar M_{0,n}, the moduli space of n-pointed stable genus zero curves, and let X_{n,m} be the quotient of X_n by the action of the symmetric group S_{n-m} on the last n-m marked points. The cones of effective divisors of X_{n,m}, m = 0,1,2, are calculated. Using this, upper bounds for the cones Mov(X_{n,m}) generated by divisors with moving linear systems are calculated, m = 0,1, along with the induced bounds on the cones of ample divisors of \bar M_g and \bar M_{g,1}. As an application, the cone of effective divisors of \bar M_{2,1} is analyzed in detail.
We prove some version of Morrison's conjecture on the cone of divisors for Calabi-Yau fiber spaces with non-trivial base pace whose total space is 3-dimensional.
Nonvanishing and Abundance for cones of movable divisors
本文提出klt配对移动除子锥的推广非消失与丰沛猜想，并证明其可由标准对数极小模型纲领、非消失及丰沛推出。
Cones of effective cycles on blow ups of projective spaces along rational curves
该研究针对射影空间沿光滑有理曲线的爆破上的有效闭链锥问题，明确确定了有理正规曲线爆破上的除子、一维及二维闭链锥，低维下结果更优，其割线簇消解几何为核心，有效闭链计算具独立价值。
We compute the cone of effective divisors on a Bott-Samelson variety corresponding to an arbitrary sequence of simple roots. The main tool is a general result concerning effective cones of certain $B$-equivariant $\mathbb{P}^1$ bundles. As an application, we compute the cone of effective codimension-two cycles on Bott-Samelson varieties corresponding to reduced words. We also obtain an auxiliary result giving criteria for a Bott-Samelson variety to contain a dense $B$-orbit, and we construct desingularizations of intersections of Schubert varieties. An appendix exhibits an explicit divisor sho…
We characterize the movable cone of divisors using intersections against curves on birational models.
The factorial hull of the projective variety X (or its cone) is a graded algebra R(X) that can be used in some situations to consider simultaneously all divisor classes on X. Associated with X is a certain cone H in the divisor class group Cl(X) of X. We calculate H explicitly in the case where X is the plongement magnifique for the simple goup G. In this case the elements of H can be represented by semisimple algebraic monoids.
We describe a systematic way of constructing effective divisors on the moduli space of stable curves of genus g having exceptionally small slope. We prove that any divisor on \bar{M}_g consisting of curves failing a certain Green-Lazarsfeld syzygy type condition, provides a counterexample to the Harris-Morrison Slope Conjecture. These divisors generalize our original isolated counterexample to the Slope Conjecture which was the divisor on M_{10} of curves lying on K3 surfaces. We also introduce a new stratification of M_g, somewhat similar to the classical stratification given by gonality, but…
Lefschetz-type theorems for the effective cone on Hyperkähler varieties
本文证明超凯勒簇有效锥的 Lefschetz 型定理，即光滑 ample 除子诱导有效锥同构，并推广至例外除子，从而计算射影化余切丛等有效锥。
We obtain new information about divisors on the $d-$th symmetric power $C_{d}$ of a general curve $C$ of genus $g \geq 4.$ This includes a complete description of the effective cone of $C_{g-1}$ and a partial computation of the volume function on one of its non-nef subcones, as well as new bounds for the effective and movable cones of $C_{d}$ in the range $\frac{g+1}{2} \leq d \leq g-2.$ We also obtain, for each $g \geq 5,$ a divisor on $C_{g-1}$ with non-equidimensional stable base locus. For a general hyperelliptic curve $C$ of genus $g,$ we obtain a complete description of the effective con…
Positivity properties of divisors on Toric Vector Bundles
本文结合 Cox 环表示与拟阵理论，计算射影化环面向量丛的 Newton-Okounkov 体及有效、nef 锥，并据此验证其 Fano 性质与 Fujita 猜想。
We introduce and study the GIT CONE of $\bar{M}_{0,n}$, which is generated by the pullbacks of the natural ample line bundles on the GIT quotients $(\mathbb P^1)^n//SL(2)$. We give an explicit formula for these line bundles and prove a number of basic results about the GIT cone. As one application, we prove unconditionally that the log canonical models of $\bar{M}_{0,n}$ with a symmetric boundary divisor coincide with the moduli spaces of weighted curves or with the symmetric GIT quotient, extending the result of Matt Simpson arXiv:0709.4037. (Cf. also a different proof by Fedorchuk and Smyth …
Using currents with minimal singularities, we construct pointwise minimal multiplicities for a real pseudo-effective $(1,1)$-class $α$ on a compact complex $n$-fold $X$, which are the local obstructions to the numerical effectivity of $α$. The negative part of $α$ is then defined as the real effective divisor $N(α)$ whose multiplicity along a prime divisor $D$ is just the generic multiplicity of $α$ along $D$, and we get in that way a divisorial Zariski decomposition of $α$ into the sum of a class $Z(α)$ which is nef in codimension 1 and the class of its negative part $N(α)$, which is exceptio…
We compute the cone of effective divisors on the Hilbert scheme of points in the projective plane. We show the sections of many stable vector bundles satisfy a natural interpolation condition, and that these bundles always give rise to the edge of the effective cone of the Hilbert scheme. To do this, we give a generalization of Gaeta's theorem on the resolution of the ideal sheaf of a general collection of points in the plane. This resolution has a natural interpretation in terms of Bridgeland stability, and we observe that ideal sheaves of collections of points are destabilized by exceptional…
In this paper, we study the cones of higher codimension (pseudo)effective cycles on point blow-ups of projective space. We determine bounds on the number of points for which these cones are generated by the classes of linear cycles, and for which these cones are finitely generated. Surprisingly, we discover that for (very) general points, the higher codimension cones behave better than the cones of divisors. For example, for the blow-up $X_r^n$ of $\mathbb P^n$, $n>4$, at $r$ very general points, the cone of divisors is not finitely generated as soon as $r> n+3$, whereas the cone of curves is …
On a weighted projective surface $\mathbb{P}(a,b,c)$ with $\min(a,b,c)\leq 4$, we compute lower bounds for the {\em effective threshold} of an ample divisor, in other words, the highest multiplicity a section of the divisor can have at a specified point. We expect that these bounds are close to being sharp. This translates into finding divisor classes on the blowup of $\mathbb{P}(a,b,c)$ that generate a cone contained in, and probably close to, the effective cone.
The Hilbert scheme of n points in the projective plane parameterizes degree n zero-dimensional subschemes of the projective plane. We examine the dual cones of effective divisors and moving curves on the Hilbert scheme. By studying interpolation, restriction, and stability properties of certain vector bundles on the plane we fully determine these cones for just over three fourths of all values of n. A general Steiner bundle on P^N is a vector bundle admitting a linear resolution of a particular form. We complete the classification of slopes of semistable Steiner bundles on P^N by showing every…
In this paper we compute the pullback of divisor classes under the Prym map (extended to the boundary), and apply this result to get a lower bound on the slope of effective divisors on the perfect cone compactification of the moduli space of principally polarized abelian fivefolds. In the appendix by Klaus Hulek, the notion of slope for arbitrary toroidal compactifications is discussed, and the slope bound is shown to hold in general.
We study the scalar curvature of Kähler metrics that have cone singularities along a divisor, with a particular focus on certain specific classes of such metrics that enjoy some curvature estimates. Our main result is that, on the projective completion of a pluricanonical bundle over a product of Kähler--Einstein Fano manifolds with the second Betti number 1, momentum-constructed constant scalar curvature Kähler metrics with cone singularities along the $\infty$-section exist if and only if the log Futaki invariant vanishes on the fibrewise $\mathbb{C}^*$-action, giving a supporting evidence t…
Let X be a smooth projective surface of irregularity 0. The Hilbert scheme of n points on X parameterizes zero-dimensional subschemes of X of length n. In this paper, we discuss general methods for studying the cone of ample divisors on the Hilbert scheme. We then use these techniques to compute the cone of ample divisors on the Hilbert scheme for several surfaces where the cone was previously unknown. Our examples include families of surfaces of general type and del Pezzo surfaces of degree 1. The methods rely on Bridgeland stability and the Positivity Lemma of Bayer and Macri.
An asymptotic formula for the Tian-Paul CM-line of a flat family blown-up at a flat closed sub-scheme is given. As an application we prove that the blow-up of a polarized manifold along a (relatively) Chow-unstable submanifold admits no (extremal) constant scalar curvature Kahler metrics in classes making the exceptional divisors sufficiently small. Moreover a geometric characterization of relatively Chow-unstable configuration of points in the projective space is given. From this we get new examples of classes admitting no extremal Kahler metric also in the case of the projective plane blown-…
In this paper, we study effective, nef and semiample cones of surfaces isogenous to a product of mixed type with $p_g=0$. In particular, we prove that all reducible fake quadrics are Mori dream surfaces.
Fulton's question about effective $k$-cycles on $\overline{M}_{0,n}$ for $1<k<n-4$ can be answered negatively by appropriately lifting to $\overline{M}_{0,n}$ the Keel-Vermeire divisors on $\overline{M}_{0,k+1}$. In this paper we focus on the case of $2$-cycles on $\overline{M}_{0,7}$, and we prove that the $2$-dimensional boundary strata together with the lifts of the Keel-Vermeire divisors are not enough to generate the cone of effective $2$-cycles. We do this by providing examples of effective $2$-cycles on $\overline{M}_{0,7}$ that cannot be written as an effective combination of the afore…
For divisors over smooth projective varieties, we show that the volume can be characterized by the duality between pseudo-effective cone of divisors and movable cone of curves. Inspired by this result, we give and study a natural intersection-theoretic volume functional for 1-cycles over compact Kähler manifolds. In particular, for numerical equivalence classes of curves over projective varieties, it is closely related to the mobility functional.
In this paper we classify weak Fano varieties that can be obtained by blowing-up general points in prime Fano varieties. We also classify spherical blow-ups of Grassmannians in general points, and we compute their effective cone. These blow-ups are, in particular, Mori dream spaces. Furthermore, we compute the stable base locus decomposition of the blow-up of a Grassmannian in one point, and we show how it is determined by linear systems of hyperplanes containing the osculating spaces of the Grassmannian at the blown-up point, and by the rational normal curves in the Grassmannian passing throu…
Two divisors in $\mathbb P^n$ are said to be Cremona equivalent if there is a Cremona modification sending one to the other. In this paper I study irreducible cones in $\mathbb P^n$ and prove that two cones are Cremona equivalent if their general hyperplane sections are birational. In particular I produce examples of cones in $\mathbb P^3$ Cremona equivalent to a plane whose plane section is not Cremona equivalent to a line in $\mathbb P^2$.
In this paper, we study the divisor theory of the Simpson moduli space of semistable sheaves of dimension 1 on the projective plane. We prove that these spaces are all Mori dream spaces, and calculate their nef cones. We also study the effective cones of these spaces for most choices of numerical invariants. As a consequence, we work out precisely when two such spaces are isomorphic.
Given an algebraic torus action on a normal projective variety with finitely generated total coordinate ring, we study the GIT-equivalence for not necessarily ample linearized divisors, and we provide a combinatorial description of the partially ordered set of GIT-equivalence classes. As an application, we extend in the $\QQ$-factorial case a basic feature of the collection of ample GIT-classes to the partially ordered collection of maximal subsets with a quasiprojective quotient: for any two members there is at most one minimal member comprising both of them. Moreover, we demonstrate in an ex…
Let f : X --> Y be a projective morphism of smooth algebraic varieties over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero with dim f = 1. Let E be a vector bundle of rank r on X. In this paper, we would like to show that if X_y is smooth and E_y is semistable for some point y of Y, then f_* (2r c_2(E) - (r-1) c_1(E)^2) is weakly positive at y. We apply this result to obtain the following description of the cone of weakly positive $\QQ$-Cartier divisors on the moduli space of stable curves. Let M_g (resp. M_g^0) be the moduli space of stable (resp. smooth) curves of genus g >= 2. Let h b…
Nef divisors of surfaces given by pencils at infinity
本文研究了通过在复射影平面的特定点集上吹胀得到的曲面的 nef 结构和 Cox 环生成性，提出了关于纤维基点和自由点的生成元理论，并证明了 Cox 环的有限生成性条件。
We consider the cones of curves and divisors on the moduli space of stable pointed rational curves,M_n, and on the quotient by the symmetric group, Q_n, which is a moduli space of pairs. We find generators for contractible extremal rays of the cone of curves NE_1(M_n), and for the cone of divisors NE^1(Q_n). This second cone turns out to be simplicial. We give complete descriptions of NE_1(M_n) and NE_1(Q_n) for small n (< 8 in the first case, < 11 in the second). We also have results of independent interest on when curves in a divisor generate the cone of curves of the ambient variety.
Let $Y$ be a smooth rational surface and let $D$ be a cycle of rational curves on $Y$ which is an anticanonical divisor, i.e. an element of $|-K_Y|$. Looijenga studied the geometry of such surfaces $Y$ in case $D$ has at most five components and identified a geometrically significant subset $R$ of the divisor classes of square -2 orthogonal to the components of $D$. Motivated by recent work of Gross, Hacking, and Keel on the global Torelli theorem for pairs $(Y,D)$, we attempt to generalize some of Looijenga's results in case $D$ has more than five components. In particular, given an integral …
We determine the cone of nef divisors on the Igusa and Voronoi compactifications of the moduli space of principally polarised abelian 4-folds. We also show that the canonical bundle on the Igusa compactification of A_4(n) is ample for n at least 3. Analogous results for A_2 and A_3 were earlier obtained by the first author but the case of A_4 is far less simple.
Asymptotic base loci on hyper-Kähler manifolds
本文研究射影 hyper-Kähler 流形上大除子的渐近基轨迹，利用数值刻画和分解方法确定了 $k$-丰富除子锥的对偶，并将有效锥分解为 Mori 型腔室，肯定回答了 Sam Payne 的问题。
Extremal divisors on moduli spaces of K3 surfaces
本文研究了K3表面模空间上极值除子的生成条件，并展示了其在不同紧致化情况下的极值射线结构。
We compute the cones of effective divisors on blowups of $\mathbb{P}^1 \times \mathbb{P}^2$ and $\mathbb{P}^1 \times \mathbb{P}^3$ in up to 6 points. We also show that all these varieties are log Fano, giving a conceptual explanation for the fact that all the cones we compute are rational polyhedral.
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