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arXiv 1512.03438astro-ph.GA
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亚毫米HCN图用于半导体中心的能量诊断

Submillimeter-HCN Diagram for an Energy Diagnostics in the Centers of Galaxies

Takuma Izumi, Kotaro Kohno, Susanne Aalto, Daniel Espada, Kambiz Fathi, Nanase Harada, Bunyo Hatsukade, Pei-Ying Hsieh, Masatoshi Imanishi, Melanie Krips, Sergi… 展开作者

Takuma Izumi, Kotaro Kohno, Susanne Aalto, Daniel Espada, Kambiz Fathi, Nanase Harada, Bunyo Hatsukade, Pei-Ying Hsieh, Masatoshi Imanishi, Melanie Krips, Sergio Martín, Satoki Matsushita, David S. Meier, Naomasa Nakai, Kouichiro Nakanishi, Eva Schinnerer, Kartik Sheth, Yuichi Terashima, Jean L. Turner

摘要:

从文献和ALMA档案中编译数据,我们显示增强HCN(4-3)/HCO $^+$(4-3)和/或HCN(4-3)/CS(7-6)的积分强度比周围的活动星系核(AGN)相比,在星爆(SB)星系(亚毫米HCN增强)。样本星系的数量显着增加,从我们以前的工作。我们期望这一特征有可能成为星系核区的无磁能量诊断工具。对上述分子发射谱线进行了非LTE辐射转移模拟,考虑了碰撞激发和辐射激发以及光子俘获效应,研究了活动星系核中高谱线比的原因.结果发现,活动星系中HCN与HCO $^+$和HCN与CS的丰度比与SB星系相比增加了几倍甚至$>$ 10倍,这是亚毫米HCN增强的一个合理解释。然而,一个相反的论点,一个系统的更高的气体密度在活动星系比在SB星系也可以是一个合理的方案。虽然我们不能完全区分这两种情况下,在这个时刻,由于缺乏足够的多跃迁,多物种的数据,前一种情况下相当于索赔的异常化学成分的活动星系核。关于实现的组合物的实际机制,我们建议它是很难与传统的气相X射线占主导地位的区域(XDR)电离模型再现所观察到的高线比。我们可能必须考虑其他机制,例如在高温环境和/或机械加热区域有效激活的中性-中性反应,以进一步了解AGN中的高线比。

英文摘要:

Compiling data from literature and the ALMA archive, we show enhanced HCN(4-3)/HCO$^+$(4-3) and/or HCN(4-3)/CS(7-6) integrated intensity ratios in circumnuclear molecular gas around active galactic nuclei (AGNs) compared to those in starburst (SB) galaxies (submillimeter HCN-enhancement). The number of sample galaxies is significantly increased from our previous work. We expect this feature could potentially be an extinction-free energy diagnostic tool of nuclear regions of galaxies. Non-LTE radiative transfer modelings of the above molecular emission lines involving both collisional and radiative excitation, as well as a photon trapping effect were conducted to investigate the cause of the high line ratios in AGNs. As a result, we found that enhanced abundance ratios of HCN-to-HCO$^+$ and HCN-to-CS in AGNs as compared to SB galaxies by a factor of a few to even $>$ 10 is a plausible explanation for the submillimeter HCN-enhancement. However, a counter argument of a systematically higher gas density in AGNs than in SB galaxies can also be a plausible scenario. Although we could not fully discriminate these two scenarios at this moment due to insufficient amount of multi-transition, multi-species data, the former scenario equivalently claims for abnormal chemical composition in AGNs. Regarding the actual mechanism to realize the composition, we suggest it is difficult with conventional gas phase X-ray dominated region (XDR) ionization models to reproduce the observed high line ratios. We might have to take into account other mechanisms such as neutral-neutral reactions that are efficiently activated at high temperature environments and/or mechanically heated regions to further understand the high line ratios in AGNs.

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