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arXiv 2402.15436astro-ph.GA
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CON-quest II. 本地亮红外与超亮红外星系中HCN/HCO+谱线比的空间与光谱分辨研究

CON-quest II. Spatially and spectrally resolved HCN/HCO+ line ratios in local luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies

Y. Nishimura, S. Aalto, M. D. Gorski, S. König, K. Onishi, C. Wethers, C. Yang, L. Barcos-Muñoz, F. Combes, T. Díaz-Santos, J. S. Gallagher, S. García-Burillo, … 展开作者

Y. Nishimura, S. Aalto, M. D. Gorski, S. König, K. Onishi, C. Wethers, C. Yang, L. Barcos-Muñoz, F. Combes, T. Díaz-Santos, J. S. Gallagher, S. García-Burillo, E. González-Alfonso, T. R. Greve, N. Harada, C. Henkel, M. Imanishi, K. Kohno, S. T. Linden, J. G. Mangum, S. Martín, S. Muller, G. C. Privon, C. Ricci, F. Stanley, P. P. van der Werf, S. Viti

AI总结:

本研究利用ALMA对本地23个U/LIRGs进行HCN和HCO+谱线观测,发现外流中高谱线比源于激波加热增强HCN丰度,表明该谱线比可示踪外流几何。

摘要:

超亮红外星系和亮红外星系(U/LIRGs)的核区由星暴和/或活动星系核(AGNs)供能。这些区域通常被极高的气体和尘埃柱所遮蔽。亚毫米波段的分子谱线有可能揭示这些致密遮蔽核(CONs)的物理条件。我们旨在揭示本地U/LIRGs中HCN和HCO$^+$发射的分布,并探究它们是否以及如何与星系性质相关。利用ALMA,我们对本地宇宙(z < 0.07)中的23个U/LIRGs进行了HCN J=3--2和HCO$^+$ J=3--2谱线的高灵敏度观测,空间分辨率约为0.3角秒(约50--400秒差距)。我们在21个星系中同时探测到HCN和HCO$^+$,在1个星系中仅探测到HCN,在1个星系中两者均未探测到。在约0.5--4千秒差距尺度上平均的全球HCN/HCO$^+$谱线比范围为0.4到2.3,未加权平均值为1.1。这些谱线比与热光度AGN光度或恒星形成率似乎没有系统性趋势。谱线比在每个星系内随位置和速度变化,在逐像素基础上平均四分位距为0.38。在已知存在外流和/或内流的十个星系中,有八个星系发现了高谱线比的空间和运动学对称结构。这些结构在两个星系中呈现为准直双锥形,在六个星系中呈现为薄球壳形。非LTE分析表明,外流中高HCN/HCO$^+$谱线比主要受丰度比影响。化学模型计算表明,外流中HCN丰度的增强可能源于激波加热引发的高温化学。这些结果表明,当外流的激波速度足够高以加热气体时,HCN/HCO$^+$谱线比有助于识别外流几何结构。

英文摘要:

Nuclear regions of ultraluminous and luminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs) are powered by starbursts and/or active galactic nuclei (AGNs). These regions are often obscured by extremely high columns of gas and dust. Molecular lines in the submillimeter windows have the potential to determine the physical conditions of these compact obscured nuclei (CONs). We aim to reveal the distributions of HCN and HCO$^+$ emission in local U/LIRGs and investigate whether and how they are related to galaxy properties. Using ALMA, we have conducted sensitive observations of the HCN J=3--2 and HCO$^+$ J=3--2 lines toward 23 U/LIRGs in the local Universe (z < 0.07) with a spatial resolution of ~0.3" (~50--400 pc). We detected both HCN and HCO$^+$ in 21 galaxies, only HCN in one galaxy, and neither in one galaxy. The global HCN/HCO$^+$ line ratios, averaged over scales of ~0.5--4 kpc, range from 0.4 to 2.3, with an unweighted mean of 1.1. These line ratios appear to have no systematic trend with bolometric AGN luminosity or star formation rate. The line ratio varies with position and velocity within each galaxy, with an average interquartile range of 0.38 on a spaxel-by-spaxel basis. In eight out of ten galaxies known to have outflows and/or inflows, we found spatially and kinematically symmetric structures of high line ratios. These structures appear as a collimated bicone in two galaxies and as a thin spherical shell in six galaxies. Non-LTE analysis suggests that the high HCN/HCO$^+$ line ratio in outflows is predominantly influenced by the abundance ratio. Chemical model calculations indicate that the enhancement of HCN abundance in outflows is likely due to high-temperature chemistry triggered by shock heating. These results imply that the HCN/HCO$^+$ line ratio can aid in identifying the outflow geometry when the shock velocity of the outflows is sufficiently high to heat the gas.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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