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arXiv 1511.03485hep-ph
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单威尔逊圈的单自旋不对称性

Single spin asymmetries from a single Wilson loop

Daniël Boer, Miguel G. Echevarria, Piet Mulders, Jian Zhou

备注：
5 pages, 1 figure. Various changes to the text, additional references, conclusions unchanged, version accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 122001 (2016)
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摘要：

本文研究了与横向极化强子散射不对称性研究相关的主导幂次胶子横向动量相关分布。这些TMD的次高阶微扰计算表明，在大的横向动量，它们有共同的动力学起源，但在小的纵向动量分数$x$的限制，只有一个起源。我们发现，在这个极限，只有偶极型胶子TMD生存，并成为彼此相同。在小$x$时，它们都由横向极化强子（所谓的自旋相关的奇子）内部单个威尔逊圈的期望值给出。小$x$的横向自旋不对称性的普遍起源对当前和未来的实验研究具有重要意义，为更好地理解胶子在自旋极化质子的三维结构中的作用铺平了道路。

英文摘要：

We study the leading-power gluon transverse momentum dependent distributions (TMDs) of relevance to the study of asymmetries in the scattering off transversely polarized hadrons. Next-to-leading-order perturbative calculations of these TMDs show that at large transverse momentum they have common dynamical origins, but that in the limit of small longitudinal momentum fraction $x$ only one origin remains. We find that in this limit only the dipole-type gluon TMDs survive and become identical to each other. At small $x$ they are all given by the expectation value of a single Wilson loop inside the transversely polarized hadron, the so-called spin-dependent odderon. This universal origin of transverse spin asymmetries at small $x$ is of importance to current and future experimental studies, paving the way to a better understanding of the role of gluons in the three-dimensional structure of spin-polarized protons.

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