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arXiv 1507.06162astro-ph.SR
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第24周太阳高能粒子事件

High-energy solar particle events in cycle 24

Nat Gopalswamy, Pertti Makela, Seiji Yashiro, Hong Xie, Sachiko Akiyama, Neeharika Thakur

摘要:

太阳已经处于第24周的衰退阶段,但高能太阳高能粒子(SEP)事件的缺乏仍然存在,截至2015年3月31日只有两次地面增强(GLE)事件。为了理解这一点,我们考虑了2014年底之前发生的第24周期的所有大型SEP事件。我们比较了相关的CME与第23周期的性质。我们发现,在天空平面上的CME速度是相似的,但几乎所有这些周期24的CME都是晕。很大一部分(16%)的正面SEP事件与爆发性日珥事件有关。与暗条喷发事件相关的日冕物质抛射加速缓慢,并达到超过典型的GLE释放高度的峰值速度。当我们只考虑与CME鼻有良好连接的西半球事件时,只有8个事件可以被认为是GLE候选者。其中一个是第24周期的第一个GLE事件(2012年5月17日)。在两个事件中,日冕物质抛射非常快(>2000 km/s),但它们被发射到一个稀薄的介质(高阿尔芬速度)。在剩下的五个事件中,速度远低于典型的GLE CME速度(~2000 km/s)。此外,CME达到了它们的峰值速度,超过了GLE颗粒释放的典型高度。我们的结论是,有几个因素导致了第24周期高能SEP事件的低发生率:(i)激波加速效率降低(弱日光层磁场),(ii)纬度和经度连通性差),以及(iii)当地环境条件的变化(例如,高阿尔芬速度)。

英文摘要:

The Sun is already in the declining phase of cycle 24, but the paucity of high-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) events continues with only two ground level enhancement (GLE) events as of March 31, 2015. In an attempt to understand this, we considered all the large SEP events of cycle 24 that occurred until the end of 2014. We compared the properties of the associated CMEs with those in cycle 23. We found that the CME speeds in the sky plane were similar, but almost all those cycle-24 CMEs were halos. A significant fraction of (16%) of the frontside SEP events were associated with eruptive prominence events. CMEs associated with filament eruption events accelerate slowly and attain peak speeds beyond the typical GLE release heights. When we considered only western hemispheric events that had good connectivity to the CME nose, there were only 8 events that could be considered as GLE candidates. One turned out to be the first GLE event of cycle 24 (2012 May 17). In two events, the CMEs were very fast (>2000 km/s) but they were launched into a tenuous medium (high Alfven speed). In the remaining five events, the speeds were well below the typical GLE CME speed (~2000 km/s). Furthermore, the CMEs attained their peak speeds beyond the typical heights where GLE particles are released. We conclude that several factors contribute to the low rate of high-energy SEP events in cycle 24: (i) reduced efficiency of shock acceleration (weak heliospheric magnetic field), (ii) poor latitudinal and longitudinal connectivity), and (iii) variation in local ambient conditions (e.g., high Alfven speed).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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