arXiv 1504.025292015-04nucl-thhep-phphysics.flu-dyn

无流体动力学的集体流：相对论离子碰撞的模拟结果

Collective flow without hydrodynamics: simulation results for relativistic ion collisions

Paul Romatschke

备注：: 18 pages; 9 figures; v2: minor errors corrected, HBT radii added; v3: added subsection on radial flow breakdown in peripheral p+Pb, matches published version
DOI：: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3646-8

摘要：

相对论离子碰撞实验数据中的流动特征通常被解释为这些系统演化过程中流体动力学相存在的指纹。在这项工作中，流签名所产生的事件由事件的粘性流体动力学相比，所产生的事件由事件的非相互作用粒子动力学（自由流），都其次是后期强子级联，在d+金，3 He+金在sqrt（s）=200 GeV和p+Pb碰撞在sqrt（s）=5 TeV，分别。为了比较，还模拟了sqrt（s）=2.76 TeV的Pb+Pb碰撞。结果表明，在η/s=0.08的条件下，非流体动力学演化可以产生与流体动力学演化相等或更大的径向流.在光对重离子碰撞中，自由流产生的三角流和四极流与流体力学的结果相当或更大，但它通常导致相当小的椭圆流。正如预期的那样，自由流导致相当少的椭圆形，三角形和四极流比流体动力学在核-核碰撞，如事件的铅+铅碰撞在sqrt（s）=2.76 TeV。

英文摘要：

Flow signatures in experimental data from relativistic ion collisions are usually interpreted as a fingerprint of the presence of a hydrodynamic phase during the evolution of these systems. In this work, flow signatures arising from event-by-event viscous hydrodynamics are compared to those arising from event-by-event non-interacting particle dynamics (free-streaming), both followed by a late-stage hadronic cascade, in d+Au, 3He+Au at sqrt(s)=200 GeV and p+Pb collisions at sqrt(s)=5 TeV, respectively. For comparison, also Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt(s)=2.76 TeV are simulated. It is found that non-hydrodynamic evolution can give rise to equal or larger radial flow than hydrodynamics with eta/s=0.08 in all simulated collision systems. In light-on-heavy-ion collisions, free-streaming gives rise to triangular and quadrupolar flow comparable to or larger than that from hydrodynamics, but it generally leads to considerably smaller elliptic flow. As expected, free-streaming leads to considerably less elliptic, triangular and quadrupolar flow than hydrodynamics in nucleus-nucleus collisions, such as event-by-event Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt(s)=2.76 TeV.

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