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arXiv 1504.02514cs.GT
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策略验证投票的更强不可能性结果。信仰

Stronger Impossibility Results for Strategy-Proof Voting with i.i.d. Beliefs

Samantha Leung, Edward Lui, Rafael Pass

摘要:

经典的Gibbard-Satterthwaite定理说,每个至少有三个可能候选人的防策略投票规则必须是独裁的。在\cite{McL11}中,McLennan证明了一个类似的不可能性结果,即使我们考虑一个较弱的防策略性概念,即选民相信其他选民的偏好是独立同分布的。(独立同分布):如果一个匿名投票规则(至少有三个候选人)是防策略的,所有i.i.d.~信念,也是帕累托有效的,那么投票规则必须是一个随机独裁。本文通过将Pareto有效性放宽为$ε$ -Pareto有效性来加强McLennan的结果,其中Pareto有效性可以被$ε$的概率破坏,并且我们进一步将$ε$ -Pareto有效性放宽为一个非常弱的有效性概念,我们称之为$ε$ -超弱一致性.然后,我们证明了:如果一个匿名投票规则(至少有三个候选人)是防策略的w.r.t.~所有i.i.d.~并且还满足$ε$ -超弱独裁,则投票规则必须是$O(ε)$ -接近随机独裁。

英文摘要:

The classic Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem says that every strategy-proof voting rule with at least three possible candidates must be dictatorial. In \cite{McL11}, McLennan showed that a similar impossibility result holds even if we consider a weaker notion of strategy-proofness where voters believe that the other voters' preferences are i.i.d.~(independent and identically distributed): If an anonymous voting rule (with at least three candidates) is strategy-proof w.r.t.~all i.i.d.~beliefs and is also Pareto efficient, then the voting rule must be a random dictatorship. In this paper, we strengthen McLennan's result by relaxing Pareto efficiency to $ε$-Pareto efficiency where Pareto efficiency can be violated with probability $ε$, and we further relax $ε$-Pareto efficiency to a very weak notion of efficiency which we call $ε$-super-weak unanimity. We then show the following: If an anonymous voting rule (with at least three candidates) is strategy-proof w.r.t.~all i.i.d.~beliefs and also satisfies $ε$-super-weak unanimity, then the voting rule must be $O(ε)$-close to random dictatorship.

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