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arXiv 1503.01097cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-sciquant-ph
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拓扑绝缘体的负微分电阻和特征非线性电磁响应

Negative differential resistance and characteristic nonlinear electromagnetic response of a Topological Insulator

Ching Hua Lee, Xiao Zhang, Bochen Guan

摘要:

表现出负微分电阻的材料在涉及微波产生的技术中具有重要的应用,其范围从运动传感到射电天文学。尽管它们很有用,但很少有物理机制产生具有这种特性的材料,即用于耿氏二极管的GaAs。在这项工作中,我们表明,负微分电阻也普遍出现在狄拉克环系统,其中的一个例子已被实验观察到的表面态的拓扑绝缘体。这种新的实现负微分电阻是基于一个完全不同的物理机制,从耿氏效应,依赖于响应曲线的特征非单调性,在非零温度,化学势,质量间隙和杂质散射的存在下保持稳健。因此,它为工程应用开辟了新的可能性,例如高度寻求太赫兹信号生成的频率上转换器件。我们的结果可以测试薄膜的Bi 2 Se 3拓扑绝缘体,并预计定性地举行,即使在没有严格的线性狄拉克色散,将是在更一般的样品的Bi 2 Se 3和其他材料的情况下,拓扑非平凡的费米海区域。

英文摘要:

Materials exhibiting negative differential resistance have important applications in technologies involving microwave generation, which range from motion sensing to radio astronomy. Despite their usefulness, there has been few physical mechanisms giving rise to materials with such properties, i.e. GaAs employed in the Gunn diode. In this work, we show that negative differential resistance also generically arise in Dirac ring systems, an example of which has been experimentally observed in the surface states of Topological Insulators. This novel realization of negative differential resistance is based on a completely different physical mechanism from that of the Gunn effect, relying on the characteristic non-monotonicity of the response curve that remains robust in the presence of nonzero temperature, chemical potential, mass gap and impurity scattering. As such, it opens up new possibilities for engineering applications, such as frequency upconversion devices which are highly sought for terahertz signal generation. Our results may be tested with thin films of Bi2Se3 Topological Insulators, and are expected to hold qualitatively even in the absence of a strictly linear Dirac dispersion, as will be the case in more generic samples of Bi2Se3 and other materials with topologically nontrivial Fermi sea regions.

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