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arXiv 1502.07969q-bio.MNq-bio.TO
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C4植物的多尺度代谢模拟:将非线性基因组尺度模型与发育中的玉米叶片的叶尺度代谢相联系

Multiscale metabolic modeling of C4 plants: connecting nonlinear genome-scale models to leaf-scale metabolism in developing maize leaves

Eli Bogart, Christopher R. Myers

摘要:

C4植物,如玉米,将二氧化碳集中在其叶片静脉周围的专门隔室中,以提高二氧化碳同化的效率。二氧化碳和氧气水平与反应速率之间的非线性关系是其生理学的关键,但不能用基于约束的代谢建模的标准技术来处理。我们证明,将这些关系作为反应速率的约束条件,并解决由此产生的非线性优化问题,产生现实的预测C4系统对环境和生化扰动的响应。使用一个新的基因组规模的玉米代谢重建,我们建立了一个18000反应,非线性约束模型描述叶肉和束鞘细胞在15个段的发育中的玉米叶,通过代谢物交换相互作用,并使用RNA-seq和酶活性测量预测代谢状态的空间变异的一种新的方法,优化通量和表达数据之间的相关性。虽然这样的相关性是已知的一般是弱的,在这里预测的通量实现与数据的高度相关性,成功地捕捉实验观察到的碳输入组织和碳输出组织之间的基部到尖端的过渡,并包括非零的生长速率,在其他系统中的类似方法的先前结果相比。我们认为,发展梯度可能是特别适合从表达数据的代谢通量的推断。

英文摘要:

C4 plants, such as maize, concentrate carbon dioxide in a specialized compartment surrounding the veins of their leaves to improve the efficiency of carbon dioxide assimilation. Nonlinear relationships between carbon dioxide and oxygen levels and reaction rates are key to their physiology but cannot be handled with standard techniques of constraint-based metabolic modeling. We demonstrate that incorporating these relationships as constraints on reaction rates and solving the resulting nonlinear optimization problem yields realistic predictions of the response of C4 systems to environmental and biochemical perturbations. Using a new genome-scale reconstruction of maize metabolism, we build an 18000-reaction, nonlinearly constrained model describing mesophyll and bundle sheath cells in 15 segments of the developing maize leaf, interacting via metabolite exchange, and use RNA-seq and enzyme activity measurements to predict spatial variation in metabolic state by a novel method that optimizes correlation between fluxes and expression data. Though such correlations are known to be weak in general, here the predicted fluxes achieve high correlation with the data, successfully capture the experimentally observed base-to-tip transition between carbon-importing tissue and carbon-exporting tissue, and include a nonzero growth rate, in contrast to prior results from similar methods in other systems. We suggest that developmental gradients may be particularly suited to the inference of metabolic fluxes from expression data.

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