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arXiv 1409.4485quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech
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囚禁离子系统量子Jarzynski等式的实验验证

Experimental Test of Quantum Jarzynski Equality with a Trapped Ion System

Shuoming An, Jing-Ning Zhang, Mark Um, Dingshun Lv, Yao Lu, Junhua Zhang, Zhang-qi Yin, H. T. Quan, Kihwan Kim

摘要:

过去二十年来,非平衡统计力学领域取得了重要发展。在这些发展中,Jarzynski平等,是一个里程碑后,具有里程碑意义的工作克劳修斯和开尔文,脱颖而出。Jarzynski等式将两个平衡态之间的自由能差与系统通过远离平衡过程所做的功联系起来。虽然在经典状态下已经进行了等式的实验测试,但由于实验挑战,量子Jarzynski等式的验证尚未完全证明。在这里,我们报告了对量子Jarzynski等式的实验测试,其中单个\Yb离子被困在谐波势中。我们进行投影测量,以获得声子分布的初始热态。接着我们对投影能量本征态施加激光诱导力,并计算出工作完成后到最终能量本征态的跃迁几率。通过改变从平衡态到远离平衡态的施力速度,我们在一个孤立系中验证了量子Jarzynski等式。

英文摘要:

The past two decades witnessed important developments in the field of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Among these developments, the Jarzynski equality, being a milestone following the landmark work of Clausius and Kelvin, stands out. The Jarzynski equality relates the free energy difference between two equilibrium states and the work done on the system through far from equilibrium processes. While experimental tests of the equality have been performed in classical regime, the verification of the quantum Jarzynski equality has not yet been fully demonstrated due to experimental challenges. Here, we report an experimental test of the quantum Jarzynski equality with a single \Yb ion trapped in a harmonic potential. We perform projective measurements to obtain phonon distributions of the initial thermal state. Following that we apply the laser induced force on the projected energy eigenstate, and find transition probabilities to final energy eigenstates after the work is done. By varying the speed of applying the force from equilibrium to far-from equilibrium regime, we verified the quantum Jarzynski equality in an isolated system.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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