有机分子荧光作为热力学量子跃迁的实验平台
Organic molecule fluorescence as an experimental test-bed for quantum jumps in thermodynamics
摘要：
我们用实验证明了分子是探测基本量子热力学的天然试验台。在过去的十年里，随着技术的发展，单分子光谱学经历了革命性的变化，允许单个分子被区分和探测。通过考虑有机分子的时间分辨发射光谱是由态间的量子跃迁引起的，我们证明了量子Jarzynski等式在此装置中是满足的。这将耗散到环境中的热量与初始状态和最终状态之间的自由能差联系起来。我们还演示了如何利用量子Jarzynski等式允许检测分子内的能量转移，超出相对位移。
英文摘要：
We demonstrate with an experiment how molecules are a natural test-bed for probing fundamental quantum thermodynamics. Single-molecule spectroscopy has undergone transformative change in the past decade with the advent of techniques permitting individual molecules to be distinguished and probed. By considering the time-resolved emission spectrum of organic molecules as arising from quantum jumps between states, we demonstrate that the quantum Jarzynski equality is satisfied in this set-up. This relates the heat dissipated into the environment to the free energy difference between the initial and final state. We demonstrate also how utilizing the quantum Jarzynski equality allows for the detection of energy shifts within a molecule, beyond the relative shift.
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