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arXiv 1409.4192math.CO
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无$H$图中的多个$T$拷贝

Many $T$ copies in $H$-free graphs

Noga Alon, Clara Shikhelman

摘要:

对于两个没有孤立点的图$T$和$H$以及一个整数$n$,令$ex(n,T,H)$表示在$n$顶点上的无$H$图中$T$的最大可能拷贝数.当$T=K_2$为单边时,对该函数的研究是极图理论的主要课题。在本文中,我们研究的一般功能,侧重于三角形,完全图,完全二部图和树的情况下。这些案例揭示了几个有趣的现象。三个代表性结果是:(i)$ex(n,K_3,C_5) \leq (1+o(1)) \frac{\sqrt 3}{2} n^{3/2},$(ii)对于任何固定的$m$,$s \geq 2m-2$和$t \geq (s-1)!+1 $,$ex(n,K_m,K_{s,t})=Θ(n^{m-\binom{m}{2}/s})$和(iii)对于任何两棵树$H$和$T$,$ex(n,T,H) =Θ(n^m)$其中$m=m(T,H)$是取决于$H$和$T$的整数(其精确定义在第1节中给出)。第一个结果改进了(稍微)Bollobás和Gyobri的估计。这些证明将组合和概率论证与简单的谱技术相结合。

英文摘要:

For two graphs $T$ and $H$ with no isolated vertices and for an integer $n$, let $ex(n,T,H)$ denote the maximum possible number of copies of $T$ in an $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. The study of this function when $T=K_2$ is a single edge is the main subject of extremal graph theory. In the present paper we investigate the general function, focusing on the cases of triangles, complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs and trees. These cases reveal several interesting phenomena. Three representative results are: (i) $ex(n,K_3,C_5) \leq (1+o(1)) \frac{\sqrt 3}{2} n^{3/2},$ (ii) For any fixed $m$, $s \geq 2m-2$ and $t \geq (s-1)!+1 $, $ex(n,K_m,K_{s,t})=Θ(n^{m-\binom{m}{2}/s})$ and (iii) For any two trees $H$ and $T$, $ex(n,T,H) =Θ(n^m)$ where $m=m(T,H)$ is an integer depending on $H$ and $T$ (its precise definition is given in Section 1). The first result improves (slightly) an estimate of Bollobás and Győri. The proofs combine combinatorial and probabilistic arguments with simple spectral techniques.

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