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arXiv 1404.2579physics.acc-ph
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束流设计:现代加速器中电子的laser操纵

Beam by design: laser manipulation of electrons in modern accelerators

Erik Hemsing, Gennady Stupakov, Dao Xiang, Alexander Zholents

摘要:

基于加速器的光源,如储存环和自由电子激光,使用相对论电子束在宽光谱范围内产生强辐射,用于物理学、化学、材料科学、生物学和医学的基础研究。全世界有十多个这样的辐射源,正在建造新的辐射源,以提供符合新研究日益复杂和深入的辐射。即便如此,传统的加速器技术往往无法跟上新的需求,因此,新的方法不断出现。在这篇文章中,我们回顾了各种最近开发的和有前途的技术,依赖于激光操纵和重新排列的电子分布,以定制的辐射的属性。综述了电子-激光相互作用的基本理论、在电子束中产生微结构和纳米结构的技术以及产生具有可定制波形的辐射的技术。我们综述了基于激光的技术,用于产生完全相干的x射线,锁模的x射线脉冲序列,轨道角动量的光,和阿秒甚至零秒长的相干脉冲在自由电子激光。讨论了在储存环中产生飞秒脉冲的几种方法。此外,我们描述了各种方案,旨在提高性能的光源,通过精确的光束准备,包括光束调节,激光加热,发射度交换,和各种基于激光的诊断。这些技术共同代表了现代加速器中一个新兴的“设计束流”概念,这是本文的主要焦点

英文摘要:

Accelerator-based light sources such as storage rings and free-electron lasers use relativistic electron beams to produce intense radiation over a wide spectral range for fundamental research in physics, chemistry, materials science, biology and medicine. More than a dozen such sources operate worldwide, and new sources are being built to deliver radiation that meets with the ever increasing sophistication and depth of new research. Even so, conventional accelerator techniques often cannot keep pace with new demands and, thus, new approaches continue to emerge. In this article, we review a variety of recently developed and promising techniques that rely on lasers to manipulate and rearrange the electron distribution in order to tailor the properties of the radiation. Basic theories of electron-laser interactions, techniques to create micro- and nano-structures in electron beams, and techniques to produce radiation with customizable waveforms are reviewed. We overview laser-based techniques for the generation of fully coherent x-rays, mode-locked x-ray pulse trains, light with orbital angular momentum, and attosecond or even zeptosecond long coherent pulses in free-electron lasers. Several methods to generate femtosecond pulses in storage rings are also discussed. Additionally, we describe various schemes designed to enhance the performance of light sources through precision beam preparation including beam conditioning, laser heating, emittance exchange, and various laser-based diagnostics. Together these techniques represent a new emerging concept of "beam by design" in modern accelerators, which is the primary focus of this article

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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